持续高眼压对急性大发作期原发性闭角型青光眼行白内障手术的影响

目的：研究持续高眼压对原发性闭角型青光眼急性大发作期行白内障手术的影响与其相关因素分析,并探讨持续高眼压状态下的治疗方案。

方法：选取武汉同济医院眼科收治的284例293眼接受白内障手术治疗的原发性闭角型青光眼急性大发作期的病历资料。根据术前眼压,将病人分为三组,术前用全身及局部药物眼压可基本控制在正常范围内的(组1),共188例; 术前眼压不能用药控制在正常范围,但行一次前房穿刺治疗后,眼压在用药物或不用药下可控制在正常范围的(组2),共61例; 术前多次前房穿刺放液仍不能维持正常眼压(组3),共44例。组1行白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术,组2和组3行白内障摘除和房角分离联合人工晶体植入术。分析手术前后视力、眼压、中央前房深度、黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度以及房角镜检查结果。术前及术后测量数据采用非参数检验。

结果：各组术后一周眼压控制率分别为：组1(100%),组2(95%),组3(82%)(组2眼压控制率高于组3, χ²=4.795,P<0.05)。视力提高率分别为：组1(92%),组2(84%); 组3(52%)。各组术后中央前房深度均较术前明显加深,但组3中术后房角粘连范围显著高于组1和组2。组1和组2未出现术后前房积血,而组3中18%患者术后出现前房积血。

结论：对于持续高眼压的原发性闭角型青光眼急性大发作术前各种措施将眼压降至正常后再行白内障手术有较好的疗效,但是术前多次前房穿刺放液仍不能维持正常眼压眼,术后存在较大的房角粘连和前房出血风险。     

联合激光与传统药物治疗原发性闭角型青光眼急性发作期的临床研究

目的评价激光周边虹膜成形术联合激光瞳孔成形术与传统降眼压药物治疗原发性闭角型青光眼急性发作的有效性和安全性。 方法收集2014年1月至2015年7月于邯郸市眼科医院(邯郸市第三医院)就诊的62例(68只眼)确诊为原发性闭角型青光眼首次急性发作并未做降眼压治疗患者的病例资料。其中,男性15例(17只眼),女性47例(51只眼),平均年龄(67.5±8.5)岁,所有患者眼压升高≥40 mmHg(1 mmHg＝0.133 kPa)。将入选患者采用数字表法随机分为激光组和药物组。激光组给予激光周边虹膜成形术联合激光瞳孔成形术治疗,药物组给予传统降眼压药物治疗。采用TA03型Icare眼压计测量治疗前、治疗后1 h和2 h的眼压,记录两组角膜及前房情况。以治疗后2 h眼压降至30 mmHg及以下为抢救成功,反之则为治疗失败。激光组和药物组年龄、就诊时眼压和发作时间等资料的描述采用均数±标准差表示,组间比较使用独立样本t检验;两组治疗成功率的描述采用眼数和百分比,比较采用χ²检验;两组治疗前、治疗后1 h和2 h眼压的比较采用两因素重复测量方差分析。 结果治疗后1 h激光组14只眼抢救成功,成功率为41.2%;药物组15只眼抢救成功,成功率为44.2%。治疗后2 h激光组18只眼抢救成功,成功率为52.9%;药物组20只眼抢救成功,成功率为58.2%。治疗后1 h与2 h两组间成功率无统计学意义( χ²＝0.06,0.24;P>0.05)。激光组治疗前视力为光感至0.4,治疗后1 h视力为眼前手动至0.6,治疗后2 h视力为眼前手动至0.6。药物组治疗前视力为光感至0.4,治疗后1 h视力为光感至0.8,治疗后2 h视力为光感至0.8。两组主要并发症为前房内炎症反应和角膜内皮皱褶,无眼内感染和脉络膜下暴发性出血等严重并发症。激光组治疗前、治疗后1 h和2 h平均眼压分别为(56.9±8.7)mmHg、(37.9±16.2)mmHg和(32.9±16.4)mmHg,治疗后眼压下降,与治疗前的比较差异有统计学意义(t＝6.02,7.76;P<0.05)。药物组治疗前、治疗后1 h和2 h平均眼压分别为(55.8±9.5)mmHg、(37.6±17.7)mmHg和(30.6±18.2)mmHg,治疗后眼压下降,与治疗前的比较差异有统计学意义(t＝5.28,7.16;P<0.05)。但两组各时间点的眼压比较均无统计学意义(t＝0.89,0.58,0.85;P>0.05)。 结论激光周边虹膜成形术联合激光瞳孔成形术和传统的降眼压药物治疗均能快速降低原发性闭角型青光眼急性发作期的眼压,但激光治疗安全、有效,可避免药物治疗给机体带来的副作用,是治疗原发性闭角型青光眼急性发作期的重要辅助措施。     

态度接种对青少年态度改变的影响

目的:检验态度接种对青少年态度改变的影响。方法:整群抽取某校初二4个班的学生225名,测查安乐死态度,筛选113名对安乐死持反对态度的初二学生,按班级分为4组,每组约30人,分别接受不同的态度干预处理,两周后再次测查安乐死态度,探讨态度干预对青少年安乐死态度改变的影响。结果:在对待安乐死的态度上,干预后的各组被试存在显著的组间差异(F=26.180,P0.001),事后检验表明,态度接种组与对照组的差异显著,态度接种组比对照组更倾向于保持原有态度;强烈攻击组与对照组存在显著差异,对照组更倾向于保持原有态度;对照组与组合干预组差异不显著。结论:态度接种有助于青少年维护原有态度、抵制态度改变,态度接种组更加坚信自己原有态度的正确性,而且,这种影响效应具有一定的持续性。     

Decreased percentages of regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of patients with Behcet’s disease before ocular attack: a possible predictive marker of ocular attack

Abstract

The current study investigates the role of regulatory T (Treg) cells in the pathogenesis of ocular attack in patients with Behcet’s disease (BD). Nineteen BD patients with ocular complications (BDo), including 11 BD patients with ocular attack (BDa) and eight BD patients with inactive ocular complications (BDi), were studied. Four BD patients without ocular complications (BDwo) were also evaluated as controls. All patients were prospectively followed by our outpatient clinic between autumn 2004 and spring 2005. CD4+ CD25+^bright T cells (Treg cells) from peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry. The percentages of Treg cells in CD4+ T cells from BDo were significantly decreased before ocular attack compared with those after ocular attack. Moreover, surprisingly, these levels before attack were significantly lower than normal level, whereas the percentages of Treg cells in both BDi and BDwo patients were normal. Treg cells were significantly decreased in BDa before active ocular attack. These findings suggest that Treg cells play an important role in ocular attack in BD patients. In addition, decreased percentages of Treg cells may be a predictive marker of ocular attack in BD patients allowing treatment of BD patients before an ocular attack.     

颈内动脉系统TIA型脑梗死与高同型半胱氨酸血症关系的临床研究

目的 探讨血同型半胱氨酸水平与颈内动脉系统短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,TIA)及颈内动脉系统短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA型)脑梗死的关系.方法 对颈内动脉系统TIA及颈内动脉系统TIA型脑梗死的患者血同型半胱氨酸水平进行分析.结果 颈内动脉系统TIA型脑梗死患者血同型半胱氨酸水平高于颈内动脉系统TIA患者,且两组患者的血同型半胱氨酸水平水平均高于对照组.结论 高同型半胱氨酸血症与颈内动脉系统短暂性脑缺血发作相关,且其升高水平与是否进展为脑梗死有关.     

Chemical,Mechanical, and Durability Properties of Concrete with Local Mineral Admixtures under Sulfate Environment in Northwest China

Over the vast Northwest China, arid desert contains high concentrations of sulfate, chloride, and other chemicals in the ground water, which poses serious challenges to infrastructure construction that routinely utilizes portland cement concrete. Rapid industrialization in the region has been generating huge amounts of mineral admixtures, such as fly ash and slags from energy and metallurgical industries. These industrial by-products would turn into waste materials if not utilized in time. The present study evaluated the suitability of utilizing local mineral admixtures in significant quantities for producing quality concrete mixtures that can withstand the harsh chemical environment without compromising the essential mechanical properties. Comprehensive chemical, mechanical, and durability tests were conducted in the laboratory to characterize the properties of the local cementitious mineral admixtures, cement mortar and portland cement concrete mixtures containing these admixtures. The results from this study indicated that the sulfate resistance of concrete was effectively improved by adding local class F fly ash and slag, or by applying sulfate resistance cement to the mixtures. It is noteworthy that concrete containing local mineral admixtures exhibited much lower permeability (in terms of chloride ion penetration) than ordinary portland cement concrete while retaining the same mechanical properties; whereas concrete mixtures made with sulfate resistance cement had significantly reduced strength and much increased chloride penetration comparing to the other mixtures. Hence, the use of local mineral admixtures in Northwest China in concrete mixtures would be beneficial to the performance of concrete, as well as to the protection of environment.     

颈内动脉内中膜厚度与短暂性脑缺血发作的关系

目的探讨颈内动脉内中膜厚度与短暂性脑缺血发作的关系。方法通过对本院短暂性脑缺血发作83例患者行ABCD2评分及颈内动脉内中膜厚度检查,并对所有患者随访1月,了解其脑梗死的发生情况,评估颈内动脉内中膜厚度对TIA患者的诊断作用。结果 TIA患者颈内动脉内中膜厚度为(0.95±0.16)mm,随访1月后TIA患者发生脑梗死有17例(19%),无脑梗死TIA患者与有脑梗死TIA患者颈内动脉内中膜厚度有显著差异(χ2=3.95,P<0.05)。ABCD2评分曲线下面积(95%CI)为0.776(0.639～0.913);颈内动脉内中膜厚度曲线下面积(95%CI)为0.710(0.571～0.850)。结论颈内动脉粥样硬化为TIA疾病发生的高危因素,且颈内动脉内中膜增厚程度可能与TIA后脑梗死的发生有关。