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41.
Contralateral intrastriatal injection of 0.1 pmol or 1 pmol of endothelin-1 produced ipsilateral turning behaviour in rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway. This effect could be abolished by pretreatment with either the endothelinETA/B receptor antagonist bosentan (1 nmol, intrastriatally) or the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist raclopride (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) suggesting that endothelin is acting at endothelin receptors to evoke ipsilateral turning behaviour and that this response is mediated by dopamine. Similar ipsilateral turning behaviour was observed upon intrastriatal injection of 1 pmol of endothelin-3 or the specific ETB receptor agonist, [Ala1,3,11,15]endothelin-1 when compared to endothelin-1. Pretreatment with the specific ETB receptor antagonist BQ788 blocked the ipsilateral turning response to intrastriatal injection of endothelin-1 while pretreatment with the specific ETA receptor antagonist BQ123 did not significantly change the response to injection of endothelin-1. This indicates that endothelin-1, which has affinity for both ETA and ETB receptors, is most likely acting at the ETB receptor to elicit its effect. These results suggest that low doses of endothelin may act at ETB receptors to evoke the release of dopamine from the striatum in vivo. 相似文献
42.
43.
Masami Yoshida Hideyasu Yokoo Kimihiro Nakahara Masaru Tomita Naoyuki Hamada Michiko Ishikawa Jyunko Hatakeyama Masatoshi Tanaka Ikuko Nagatsu 《Brain research》1997,767(2):87
Infusion of muscimol (5×10−5 M, 60 min) into the nucleus accumbens (NAC) through a dialysis membrane caused a significant increase in extracellular dopamine (DA) and its metabolite, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC). Fos-like immunoreactivity induced by intra-NAC infusion of muscimol was seen ipsilaterally in many accumbofugal target areas, but no Fos-positive neurons were seen in the vicinity of the dialysis membrane in the NAC. Sequential staining of Fos and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivities revealed that a portion of A10 dopaminergic neurons were double-labelled. These results suggest that muscimol in the NAC disinhibits mesolimbic DA neuronal activity possibly through activity of the accumbofugal GABA neuron system. 相似文献
44.
Håkan Eriksson Joakim Tedroff Karl-Åke Thuomas Sten-Magnus Aquilonius Per Hartvig Karl-Johan Fasth Peter Bjurling Bengt Långström Karl-Göran Hedström Edith Heilbronn 《Archives of toxicology》1992,66(6):403-407
A series of positron emission tomography scans was made on two monkeys during a 16-month period when they received manganese(IV)oxide by subcutaneous injection. The distribution of [11C]-nomifensine uptake, indicating dopamine terminals, was followed in both monkey brains. The brain distributions of [11C]-raclopride, demonstrating D2 dopamine receptors, and [11C]-l-dopa, as a marker of dopamine turnover, were followed in one monkey each. The monkeys developed signs of poisoning namely unsteady gait and hypoactivity. The [11C]-nomifensine uptake in the striatum was reduced with time and reached a 60% reduction after 16 months exposure. This supports the suggestion that dopaminergic nerve endings degenerate during manganese intoxication. The [11C]-l-dopa decarboxylation was not significantly altered indicating a sparing of [11C]-l-dopa decarboxylation during manganese poisoning. A transient decrease of [11C]-raclopride binding occurred but at the end of the study D2-receptor binding had returned to starting values. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed that the manganese accumulated in the globus pallidus, putamen and caudate nucleus. There were also suggestions of gliosis/edema in the posterior limb of the internal capsule. MRI might be useful to follow manganese intoxication in humans as long as the scan is made within a few months of exposure to manganese, i. e. before a reversal of the manganese accumulation. 相似文献
45.
氯胺酮对脑缺血大鼠突触体ATP酶活力的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的 研究氯妥酮(KT)对大鼠脑缺血ATP酶活性变化的影响。方法 采用大鼠四动脉阻断脑缺血模型,缺血10min后测量纹状体和海马突触体Na^+、K^+-ATP和Ca^2+-=ATP酶活性。结果 脑缺血时两个脑区的ATP酶活性均显著下降。缺血的前预先应用KT25mg.kg^-1和50mg.kg可拮抗脑缺血时ATP酶活性的下降。结论 KT可通过拮抗脑缺血时ATP酶活性的下降对抗脑缺血损伤。 相似文献
46.
目的 探索常敏和超敏状态时乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的变化及该变化与锥体外系症状(EPS)的可能关系。方法 应用分光光度法测定大鼠脑皮层、海马和纹状体AchE催化碘化乙酰硫代胆碱水解的速率而确定酶的活性。结果 急性给予利血平、氯氮平、氟哌啶醇对大鼠纹状体、海马和皮层的AchE活性无显著影响;以相同剂得的利血平、氯氮平和氟哌啶醇连续给药7d和21d,利血平和氟哌啶醇显著降低纹状体和海马AchE活性,氯氮平仅在 相似文献
47.
A. J. Lawrence Elena Krstew Bevyn Jarrott 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1997,355(2):303-308
The present study has employed in vitro electrophysiology and radioligand binding assays to determine whether dopamine and
adenosine receptors interact with each other on rat vagal afferent neurons. Preincubation of the isolated rat nodose ganglion
with the adenosine A2a agonists CGS 21680 or DPMA (Both 1 μM) resulted in a functional antagonism of the ability of dopamine to depolarise the preparation.
Specifically, the concentration-response curve to dopamine was significantly shifted to the right in the presence of CGS 21680
and DPMA. On the other hand, adenosine itself, A1 and A3 receptor agonists and ATP were all incapable of modulating the electrophysiological response to dopamine. In contrast to
the nodose ganglion, CGS 21680 did not significantly affect the ability of the dopamine D2 ligands quinpirole or raclopride to displace [125I]NCQ298 binding to dopamine D2 receptors in membranes prepared from rat dorsal brain stem. These data indicate the presence of an interaction between high
affinity adenosine A2 receptors and dopamine D2 receptors on the soma of rat vagal afferent neurons, whereas the situation in the brain stem remains less clear.
Received: 17 September 1996 / Accepted: 20 October 1996 相似文献
48.
Binding of a specific dopamine D1 receptor antagonist,125I-SCH 23982, was measured in rat brain sections by quantitative autoradiography at various time intervals, following a knife cut through the striatonigral pathway. Twenty-four hours after lesioning, accumulations of D1 receptor binding sites were found in sagittal sections both rostral and caudal to the lesion site. No other regions studied (caudate-putamen, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, and substantia nigra pars reticulata) showed any change in D1 receptor binding 24h after the lesion. In brain sections obtained 10 days after lesioning, only the substantia nigra pars reticulata had a significant decrease in D1 receptors ipsilateral to the lesion. These findings suggest the possibility of a presence of bidirectional axonal transport of D1 receptors in rat striatonigral pathway. 相似文献
49.
本实验用荧光组化技术及记录显微自动曝光时间方法研究了马桑内酯所致的Wistar大鼠癫痫持续状态黑质-腹侧被盖区多巴胺含量的变化。结果显示癫痫发作高峰组(10只)和发作后组(8只)该区多巴胺含量明显低于对照组(10只)和发作前组(10只)。由于多巴胺是一种抑制性神经递质,它的减少可能表明抑制作用的下降对癫痫的发作有一定的调控作用。 相似文献
50.
Sex differences in adult patterns of mating behavior and gonadotropin secretion in rats are determined in part by the presence or absence of gonadal steroids during a perinatal critical period. For example, male rats and female rats exposed neonatally to androgen do not exhibit LH surge patterns when treated appropriately with ovarian hormones in adulthood, and there is evidence that this may be due to a failure of ovarian hormones to activate the hypothalamic neuronal systems that stimulate LH secretion in such animals. Because considerable evidence suggests that estradiol formed centrally from testosterone is responsible for the permanent defeminization of mating behavior and gonadotropin secretion, the present studies compared normal females with normal males and with females treated neonatally with estradiol on the ability of ovarian hormones to induce several important neurochemical changes antecedent to the LH surge, including changes in neuropeptide Y (NPY) and LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) concentrations in the median eminence, as well as changes in turnover rates for catecholamine transmitters in the medial basal hypothalamus and medial preoptic area. Normal ovariectomized female rats responded to sequential treatment with estradiol followed by progesterone with afternoon LH and prolactin (PRL) surges, and with sequential accumulation followed by decline in concentrations of LHRH and NPY in the median eminence prior to the LH surge. In addition, administration of progesterone increased the turnover rates of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EPI) in the arcuate-median eminence region of normal females. Gonadectomized male rats receiving the same ovarian hormone treatment failed to exhibit LH or PRL surges and displayed none of the changes in neurotransmitter turnover or peptide concentrations characteristically seen in the normal female. Unexpectedly however, when females that were treated with estradiol benzoate on days 1–3 postpartum were ovariectomized and treated with ovarian hormones in adulthood, they showed the same accumulation/decline in median eminence NPY concentrations and the same activation of NE and EPI turnover in the arcuate-median eminence region as normal females, even though they showed no LH or PRL surges or changes in median eminence LHRH concentrations. These results suggest that estradiol may not mediate all of the defeminizing actions of androgen exerted during the early neonatal period, and particularly those actions that result in a lack of responsiveness in central noradrenergic, adrenergic and NPY systems in adulthood. However, an action of neonatal estradiol may result in uncoupling of the LHRH neurosecretory system from normal excitatory neurochemical influences. 相似文献