Delirium following abrupt discontinuation of fluoxetine

Sudden discontinuation of serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRI) can lead to a number of psychological (e.g., nervousness, anxiety, crying spells, psychomotor agitation, irritability, depersonalization, decreased mood, memory disturbances, confusion, decreased concentration, and/or slowed thinking) and somatic (e.g., nausea, dizziness, headache) symptoms. Recent studies have shown that withdrawal symptoms are common with paroxetine, venlafaxine and fluvoxamine, but relatively rare and mild with fluoxetine cessation, likely as a result of its longer half-life. We report an unusual case of a patient who developed delirium after abrupt discontinuation of fluoxetine.     

Delirium in two patients with Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis

In this report, we describe the case of two patients with Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis (BBE) who developed delirium manifested as emotional incontinence, restlessness, and aggressive behavior from disease onset. Serum anti-GQ1b and anti-GT1a IgG antibodies were detected in both patients. When unusual psychiatric symptoms are observed, in addition to acute ophthalmoplegia and ataxia, neurologists should take into account the possibility of BBE. Brain MRI findings were normal in both patients and SPECT was performed on only patient 1. SPECT of patient 1 showed reversible hypoperfusion in the brainstem, bilateral thalami, and medial frontal lobe. Brain SPECT appears to be useful for detecting lesions of the brainstem as well as the basal ganglia or cerebrum in BBE.     

Delirium and Clusters of Older Patients Affected by Multimorbidity in Acute Hospitals

ObjectivesDelirium is commonly seen in older adults with multimorbidity, during a hospitalization, resulting from the interplay between predisposing factors such as advanced age, frailty, and dementia, and a series of precipitating factors. The association between delirium and specific multimorbidity is largely unexplored so far although of potential key relevance for targeted interventions. The aim of the study was to check for a potential association of multimorbidity with delirium in a large cohort of older patients hospitalized for an acute medical or surgical condition.DesignThis is a cross-sectional study nested in the 2017 Delirium Day project.Setting and ParticipantsThe study includes 1829 hospitalized patients (age: 81.8, SD: 5.5). Of them, 419 (22.9%) had delirium.MethodsSociodemographic and medical history were collected. The 4AT was used to assess the presence of delirium. The Charlson Comorbidity index was used to assess multimorbidity.ResultsThe results identified neurosensorial multimorbidity as the most prevalent, including patients with dementia, cerebrovascular diseases, and sensory impairments. In light of the highest co-occurrence of 3 neurosensorial chronic conditions, we could hypothesize that a baseline altered brain functional and neural connectivity might determine the vulnerability signature for incipient overall system disruption in presence of acute insults.Conclusions and ImplicationsEventually, our findings moved a step forward in supporting the key importance of routine screening for sensory impairments and cognitive status of older patients for the highest risk of in-hospital delirium. In fact, preventive interventions could be particularly relevant and effective in preventing delirium in such vulnerable populations and might help refining this early diagnosis.     

髋关节术后患者发生谵妄的影响因素分析

目的 分析髋关节术后发生谵妄的影响因素。方法 选择2019年12月至2021年12月台州市中心医院行髋关节术患者230例,统计术后谵妄发生率及影响因素。结果 230例髋关节术后患者中,110例出现谵妄,发生率47.83%。单因素分析显示,髋关节术后发生谵妄与性别、功能/体力障碍、听力障碍、酗酒史、文化程度、术前血红蛋白、麻醉时间、术后电解质无关,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;髋关节术后发生谵妄与年龄、认知功能障碍、睡眠障碍、基础疾病、术前白蛋白、麻醉方式、麻醉药物、手术方式、术前电解质有关（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、认知功能障碍、睡眠障碍、基础疾病、术前白蛋白、麻醉方式、麻醉药物、手术方式、术前电解质为髋关节术后发生谵妄的主要影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 年龄、认知功能障碍、睡眠障碍、基础疾病、术前白蛋白、麻醉方式、麻醉药物、手术方式、术前电解质为影响髋关节术后发生谵妄的主要影响因素,应根据其影响因素,制定合适的干预措施,防止谵妄的发生。     

Solifenacin-induced delirium and hallucinations

Solifenacin-induced cognitive adverse effects have not been reported frequently, but solifenacin-induced delirium and hallucinations with successful switching to darifenacin, without additional drug, have not been reported in the literature. In this case report, we present an 80-year-old Caucasian male with insomnia and anxiety symptoms and overactive bladder who developed delirium and hallucinations when treated with solifenacin and trazodone. After solifenacin discontinuation and switching to darifenacin, symptoms significantly improved immediately. Such a case has not yet been described in literature; however, an adverse effect associated with solifenacin can occur, as this report clearly demonstrates.