前列腺素E1对尸体肾移植术后肾功能延迟恢复的影响

目的探讨前列腺素E1(PGE1)应用于尸体肾移植术后肾功能延迟恢复(DGF)患者对移植肾功能恢复的影响.方法回顾性分析因急性排斥(AR)和急性肾小管坏死(ANT)导致DGF的127例临床资料,其中应用PGE1治疗56例(PGE1组),未用PGE1者71例(对照组).比较两组在出现DGF后的透析治疗时间、肾功能恢复情况、彩超的移植肾血流阻力指数(RI)及6个月内AR发生率.结果与对照组比较,PGE1组透析治疗时间明显缩短(P＜0.05),移植肾的血肌酐下降速度快(P＜0.05),RI及6个月内AR发生率低(P＜0.05).结论PGE1有利于尸体肾移植术后DGF患者移植肾功能的早期恢复,并能降低AR的发生率.     

不同海拔高度严重烧伤延迟复苏大鼠脑组织中能量负荷的变化及其意义

目的：探讨不同海拔高度严重烧伤延迟复苏大鼠脑组织能量负荷变化及其意义。方法：以120只雄性Wistar大鼠建立高原（海拔3800m）实验模型（TBSA30％，Ⅲ度），随机分为延迟、即时复苏组和正常对照组，分别于伤后1、6、12、24、72h及7d取材。兰州地区取相等数量动物重复实验。应用高效液相色谱法检测脑组织中AMP、ADP、ATP的含量，并计算能量负荷。结果：能量负荷在高原正常对照组与兰州地区正常对照组差异显著（P〈0．01）。高原烧伤后脑组织能量负荷与对照组相比均降低，即时复苏组伤后早期即出现显著变化（P〈0．01），伤后72h开始恢复，伤后7d差异无显著，延迟复苏组伤后7d仍星显著差异（P〈0．01）。与即时复苏组比较伤后6～24h无显著差异，伤后72h～7d呈显著性差异（P〈0．01）。高原地区各时相点与兰州地区比较，EC值均降低，除即时复苏组6h外，具有统计学意义。结论：不同海拔高度严重烧伤延迟复苏大鼠脑组织能量负荷的改变一定程度上反映了脑损伤的严重程度。     

自发性食管破裂的诊断和外科治疗

目的:探讨自发性食管破裂的诊断和外科治疗。方法 :对 14例自发性食管破裂患者的诊断、治疗方法及治疗结果进行回顾性分析。结果:本组确诊时间 2 4 h以内者仅 2例 ,确诊时间大于 2 4 h者 12例 ;一期食管修补、带蒂胸膜覆盖术 3例 ,治愈 1例 ,治疗失败 2例 (其中 1例死亡 ,1例延期行结肠代食管术后治愈 ) ;行破裂段食管切除、胃 -食管吻合术的 5例全部治愈 ;保守治疗 6例 ,治愈及死亡各 3例。结论:早期诊断自发性食管破裂是提高疗效、降低病死率的关键。发病 2 4 h以上者 ,如全身情况允许 ,破裂段食管切除、胃 -食管吻合术的疗效较好。     

一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的临床预防

目的　探讨临床治疗措施对一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的预防。方法　将 130例一氧化碳中毒患者随机分为A、B、C 3组 ,A组采用纳络酮、低分子肝素、高压氧治疗 ;B组采用胞二磷胆碱、醒脑注射液、高压氧治疗 ;C组采用胞二磷胆碱、醒脑注射液治疗。结果　A组昏迷时间与B、C组对比 ,B组与C组对比 ,明显缩短 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;本组 130例患者中 ,共发生迟发性脑病15例 ,发生率为 11.5 % ,迟发性脑病发生率A组与B、C组对比 ,B组与C组对比 ,明显降低 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1)。结论　选择有效的药物 ,及早应用高压氧和充足的疗程是迟发性脑病临床预防的关键。     

The Rigiflex TTS: A New Method to Dilate Benign Esophageal Stenosis

Abstract: This paper dicusses the use of esophageal dilatation with a Rigiflex TTS balloon. This method was used 45 times on 11 patients affected by anastomotic or a severe grade peptic esophageal stenosis. Fluoroscopic guidance was used in 36 procedures (80%) without effecting the mean duration of the treatment (12 minutes). The results were considered satisfactory when these goals had been achieved: a) dilatation of the stenosis over 15 mm; b) a dysphagia free-time of more than 6 months. A satisfactory result was achieved in 10 patients (90.9%), without deaths and major complications. 5 patients received 1 dilatation and the other 5 needed, 3-3-4-7–11 procedures respectively to obtain a satisfactory result. On these basis we consider that its great efficacy, security and tolerability depend on the following characteristics of the Rigiflex TTS balloon: 1) “radial” dilatation; 2) the possibility of introducing the balloon through the operative channel of the fiberscope; 3) direct visualization of the stenosis during dilatation. The following disadvantages with this method are: the absence of a tactile sensation of dilatation and the elevated cost of the instrument. We conclude that the Rigiflex TTS balloon is an important alternative to guide-wire techniques, especially for the treatment of severe esophageal strictures.     

Zero-Order Release Formulation of Oxprenolol Hydrochloride with Swelling and Erosion Control

Zero-order release of oxprenolol hydrochloride was obtained by controlling the swelling and erosion of the matrix. This formulation involves only mixing of drug, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na CMC) at the ratio of 1:0.4:1.6, respectively, and compressing the mixture directly into tablets. The in vitro release pattern from this optimized matrix tablet was reproducible. Accelerated stability studies revealed that the optimized formulation remains stable for an approximately 2-year shelf life. This sustained-release (SR) tablet was evaluated in dogs, and for comparison a conventional (CV) formulation was also given at the same dose level. Plasma oxprenolol levels were monitored by a sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. Significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters, i.e., lower C _max, higher values of t _max, MRT, AUC, and plasma concentration at 24 hr, and nearly constant plasma levels over 12 hr, indicated that the SR matrix tablet is superior to the CV rapid-releasing formulation. The in vitro release parameters and in vivo pharmacokinetics correlated well.     

武汉市3～5岁儿童牙齿酸蚀症的研究

目的：调查武汉市3～5岁儿童的酸蚀症流行状况；评价儿童饮用饮料和饮食习惯、口腔卫生习惯与酸蚀症的关系。方法：随机抽样武汉市4所幼儿园3～5岁儿童共500人。对所有儿童进行酸蚀症和龋齿发病情况的临床检查以及问卷调查，问卷内容包括：儿童每天消耗饮料或食物的频率，以及口腔健康行为。收集酸蚀症儿童和无酸蚀症儿童各20人，对其唾液pH值、流速和缓冲能力进行测定和比较。结果：武汉市3—5岁儿童酸蚀症的患病率为9．3％。儿童睡觉时含奶瓶、喝饮料的习惯与酸蚀症的发生呈正相关。酸蚀症儿童和对照组儿童唾液分析结果无显著性差异。结论：预防酸蚀症应该减少酸性食物及饮料的消费量及频率。     

食管癌三维适形后程加速超分割放射治疗的疗效分析

目的评价三维适形后程加速超分割放射治疗食管癌的疗效及放疗反应、并发症。方法2002年2月至2004年5月,71例食管鳞癌随机分成两组,三维适形后程加速超分割组36例,食管病变上下外约4cm,前后、左右外约0.5~1cm作为PTV1,每次2GY,每周5次,DT40GY后,病变上下外约2cm,前后、左右外约0.5~1cm作为PTV2,每日2次,每次1.5GY,间隔4~6小时,总疗程6周,总剂量67GY/38次。非三维适形后程加速超分割组35例,时间、剂量、分割方式同适形组。所有病例均采用8MV-X外照射。结果1、2、3年的生存率和原发肿瘤的局控率,与非适形后程加速超分割比较,适形组明显提高,分别为88.9%、75%、63.9%比68.6%、51.4%、40%和86.1%、72.2%、58.3%比65.7%、48.5%、34.3%。适形组的急性放射反应明显低于非适形后程加速超分割组,两组有显著差别。结论本研究的初步结果表明食管癌适形后程加速超分割放射治疗的疗效优于非适形后程加速超分割组。     

Effect of Kang''''ai Injection(康艾注射液) on Serum Level of Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Patients with Esophageal Carcinoma during Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy(RT)is an important ap-proach for treatment of esophageal carcinoma(EC),especially for patients who have missedthe chance of surgical section.The efficacy ofRTis not satisfactory for its1-year,3-year and5-year survival rates being merely50%,20%,and10%respectively(1).Researches in recent years showed thatbetter efficacy can be obtained by combiningRTwith Chinese herbal medicines for EC thatincapable to be resected.Kang ai Injection(康艾注射液,KAI)is a Chinese herbal prep-arati…