《护理学基础》实验课程与情景设计相关性研究

目的探讨治疗药物渗出性组织损伤的最佳方法。方法对我院静脉输液药物渗出血管外致局部组织出现红肿、疼痛的患者200例，随机分成实验组和对照组各100例，实验组采用新鲜马铃薯持续外敷患处皮肤，对照组采用常规的50％硫酸镁持续外敷患处皮肤，观察对比2组疗效、症状消失时间，以24h为界限。结果实验组药物渗出局部组织红、肿、疼痛症状消退时间1～8h，有效率100％；对照组药物渗出局部组织红、肿、疼痛症状消退时间5～48h，有效率75％。结论新鲜马铃薯外敷治疗药物渗出性组织损伤的疗效比50％硫酸镁湿外敷的疗效显著确切，而且对皮肤组织无刺激，无污染，经济方便，建议临床推广应用。     

从课程设置角度探讨医学生就业能力的培养

大学生就业能力很重要,医学院校理当培养医学生的就业能力。医学课程设置现状没有很好地培养医学生就业能力。将就业能力植入到医学生实验、见习和实习活动中,植入到公共基础课和选修课中,优化完善现有的课程体系,是培养医学生就业能力的有效途径。     

Gender differences in a cohort study of 604 bipolar patients: the role of predominant polarity

Background

Some clinical differences between gender regarding the course and outcome of bipolar disorders have already been described and some others remain still controversial.

Aims

To explore gender differences regarding clinical and socio-demographic characteristics amongst bipolar patients with particular attention to predominant polarity and depressive symptoms.

Method

Data were collected from DSM-IV type I and II bipolar patients (n = 604), resulting from the systematic follow-up of the Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, over an average follow-up of 10 years. Socio-demographic and clinical variables were collected in order to detect gender-related differences.

Results

Bipolar women are more likely than men to show a predominance of depressive polarity as well as a depressive onset whilst men would be more likely to suffer from comorbid substance use disorders. Women significantly have a higher lifetime prevalence of psychotic depression and a higher prevalence of axis II comorbid disorders. Bipolar women are also more likely to have a family history of suicide and a lifetime history of attempted suicide. Suicide attempts are more often violent amongst bipolar men. In a backward logistic regression model, two variables were responsible for most gender-related clinical differences: type of predominant polarity - more likely to be depressive amongst women - (B = − 0.794, p = 0.027, Exp(B) = 0.452; CI =  0.223-0.915), alcohol abuse (B = − 1.095, p = 0.000, Exp(B) = 2990; CI =  1.817-4.919) and cocaine abuse (B = 0.784, p = 0.033, Exp(B) = 2.189; CI =  1.066-4.496) - more prevalent amongst men.

Conclusion

The main characteristic featuring bipolar women is depression, both at illness onset and as a predominant polarity all along the illness course. This may have important diagnostic and therapeutic implications.     

过程管理理论在压疮护理三级监控中的应用

目的：探讨过程管理在压疮护理三级监控中的有效性。方法：将我院2005、2006年住院患者压疮发生情况分为两组,运用过程管理理论。实施了质控组长、科护士长、护理部三级监控。结果：实施压疮三级监控后,降低了压疮的发生率。结论：过程管理理论在压疮护理三级监控中应用,有效地使我院护理人员增强了预防压疮重于治疗的意识,加强了责任心,把降低压疮的发生作为护理工作目标之一。     

Does age at the onset of narcolepsy influence the course and severity of the disease?

ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to compare the course and severity of narcolepsy in relation to different ages at the disease onset.MethodsClinical interviews with the completion of the Stanford questionnaire, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) were evaluated in 105 patients (44 males, 61 females, mean age 45.4 ± 19.2, BMI 29.2 ± 5.8) suffering from narcolepsy.ResultsThe severity of the disease was judged by clinical complaints, ESS value and MSLT results. No relations with the age at onset and clinical tetrad were found, however, smoking may be associated with an increased risk of hypnagogic hallucinations. There was no correlation between the number of sleep and cataplectic attacks and the age at onset, nor did subjective ESS show any significant dependence. However, earlier onset of the disease correlated with shorter MSLT mean latency. A correlation was found between the BMI and narcolepsy sleepiness rating in the elderly and between degree of education attained and subjective complaints.ConclusionsThe clinical severity of narcolepsy does not depend on the age at onset.     

生物制药方向细胞工程课程建设刍议

分析国内外生物制药方向细胞工程课程的教学情况,根据国内生物制药业发展对细胞工程专业知识的要求和现阶段生物制药人才的实际需求,结合细胞工程研究和应用的内在特点,对生物制药方向的细胞工程课程教学实践提出建议,为生物制药学科建设提供参考。     

团队精神培养在护理教育中的实践应用

目的培养学生的团队精神。方法在对129名本科护理学专业学生《护理教育学》课程改革实践中进行小组制作授课幻灯及教案、小组代表进行小讲课、自我试卷命题、开卷考核、自我评定等多种形式的考核。结果课程改革实践受到了学生的欢迎,学生认为团队精神得到了充分的培养。结论课程改革是有益的尝试,对现代护理人才团队精神的培养具有积极的意义。     

依托临床技能中心的临床基本技能课程作用初探

临床基本技能课程改变了传统的以学科为中心的课程模式,是一门跨学科、多层次、综合性的全新实践技能培训课程。该课程依托功能齐全的临床技能中心,对医学生的临床基本技能训练、早期临床思维能力培养及良好职业态度的形成具有重要意义。     

《医学英语视听说》课程设置及师资建设

教师素质是推动教学发展的基础,而医学英语教师缺乏是很多医学院校面临的问题。在建设课程《医学英语视听说》的过程中,以＂听说＂技能为突破口,发挥英语教师的语言优势,使得英语教师能够在实践教学中不断学习和摸索,逐步成为合格的医学英语教师。     

郧阳医学院《医学沟通学》课程建设的研究

《医学沟通学》课程的开设以培养医学生的沟通能力为主要目标。医学生沟通能力的构成要件三方面分别是：语言工具的正确使用、一般人际关系的处理及沟通能力、医学诊治信息的医患沟通、医学知识教育的公共沟通、医患纠纷的危机沟通等医患沟通能力;明确“医学沟通学”的内涵,并对课程的组织与实施提出具体方案。