初中生行为问题与父母教养方式的相关分析

目的探讨初中生行为问题与父母教养方式的相关性。方法运用父母养育方式问卷(EMBU)、Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)对上海市区一所普通中学288名11~13岁初中学生进行调查,并对结果进行相关分析、回归分析。结果初中生行为问题各因子:分裂样、抑郁、社交问题、强迫性、体诉、社交退缩、多动、攻击行为、违纪行为与父母教养方式各因素;情感温暖、理解,惩罚、严厉,过分干涉,偏爱,拒绝、否认,过度保护、偏爱显著相关。结论初中生行为问题与父母教养方式显著相关,父母应该对子女多加关注、爱护、理解、信任和鼓励,加强亲子之间的交流,避免采用惩罚、严厉,过分干涉,拒绝、否认等养育方式。     

两种耳郭再造术式及其效果比较研究

目的：研究比较两种耳郭再造术式与临床效果的差异。方法：A组30例皆为先天性小耳畸形,采用Medpor假体为支架,颞浅筋膜瓣包裹,外以皮片移植,手术Ⅰ期完成。B组36例,也为先天性小耳畸形,采用Medpor支架,外以耳后乳突区扩张皮瓣分2期手术再造外耳郭。结果：A组中29例成功,1例假体支架部分外露。两组再造耳郭立体感强,形态逼真。但A组皮肤色泽稍有差异,不如B组的光滑自然。B组皮色良好,皮肤光滑凹凸分明,形态逼真。结论：两组术式的皮肤移植方法不同,但难度无显著差异,临床效果也大致相当,但A组中再造耳皮色稍有不同,且有1例假体外露;B组再造耳皮肤光滑红润自然而肤色相同,外形逼真。     

坚持职业道德教育 促进行风建设的常态运行

医院为促进行风建设的常态运行,采取了开展经常性的教育活动;拓展职业道德建设途径;深化制度建设,强化内外监督约束机制等措施。经常性的教育活动包括抓重点人物,进行骨干核心教育;抓重点岗位,进行岗位规范和爱岗敬业教育;抓重点内容,进行特色理论教育。     

The interactions between breastfeeding mothers and their babies during the breastfeeding session

Breastfeeding mothers and their babies were videotaped during breastfeeding sessions in order to investigate maternal-infant interactions occurring during breastfeeding sessions. The videotaped sessions were later observed and analyzed. The interactions observered during the breastfeeding sessions were elaborate and complex, with each breastfeeding dyad interacting with its own individual style. The study also explored important benefits and disadvantages that breastfeeding provides for different couples.     

How university students evaluate the grammatical style of nutrition messages?

Summary  This study was designed to investigate the response of university students to eight different types of nutritional messages, which encouraged consuming the recommended daily servings of fruit and vegetables to help reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer and obesity. The formats used included offers, obligations, rhetorical questions using 'how about' or 'why not', a suggestive statement, a positive command and a positive command followed by a negative command and vice versa. The aim of the study was to determine if various grammatical styles of the same message could affect respondents' views of their persuasiveness. A total of 1319 university students rated each message for persuasiveness. Positive commands using 'could', instructions which incorporated 'should' and rhetorical question using 'how about' were considered to be more persuasive than the other styles of nutrition messages ( P  < 0.01).     

护理本科生临床实习期间自我和谐状况与应对方式的调查

目的了解护理本科生的自我和谐与应对方式状况，明确两者之间的关系及自我和谐的影响因素，为护理教师有针对性地指导学生提供依据。方法采用问卷调查法，对117名护理本科实习生进行调查。结果学生的自我和谐度以中等居多，应对方式中积极应对和消极应对得分均低于常模（P〈0．05）；个人资料中影响自我和谐总分的因素是家庭教养方式、年龄、对带教方式的态度；积极应对方式与自我和谐及分量表中的自我灵活性呈显著正相关（P〈0.01），与自我经验的不和谐及自我刻板性呈负相关（P〈0．01）；而消极应对则相反。结论学生的积极应对可以促进学生自身和谐，了解两者之间的关系及其影响因素，对于护理教育者采取相应对策促进学生的健康成长、提高我国护理本科生的教育质量具有重要意义。     

浅析大学英语课堂教学模式与学习风格的关系

通过问卷调查方式对河南中医学院非英语专业学生大学英语课堂教学模式进行了调查,然后根据问卷所反映情况进行了研究分析。问卷包括两个部分,第一部分是“学习风格指标”测试表,第二部分是关于英语课堂教学模式的问卷。这样设计问卷是因为认识到教师的教学模式只有与学生的学习风格相契合,才能够获得比较理想的教学效果。     

精神分裂症患者防御方式及家庭背景因素研究

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者的防御方式、父母教养方式及亲密度和适应性的特点.方法: 采用防御方式问卷(DSQ)、父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)及家庭亲密度和适应性量表(中文版)(FACESII-CV)对80例精神分裂症患者(研究组)进行了问卷调查,并与80例正常受试者(对照组)加以比较.结果:①研究组中间型和不成熟防御方式因子分均明显高于对照组(P<0.01),而成熟防御方式因子分则明显低于对照组(P<0.05);②研究组父母的情感温暖因子分明显低于对照组(P<0.01),而惩罚及拒绝因子分则明显高于对照组(P<0.01),另外患者父亲的过分干涉及母亲的偏爱被试因子分亦均明显高于对照组(前者P<0.01,后者P<0.05).③研究组家庭的实际亲密度、实际适应性、理想亲密度和理想适应性评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.01).结论: 精神分裂症患者的防御方式、父母教养方式及亲密度和适应性与正常人有着明显的不同.     

Block design reconstruction skills: not a good candidate for an endophenotypic marker in autism research

Superior performance on block design tasks is reported in autistic individuals, although it is not consistently found in high-functioning individuals or individuals with Asperger Syndrome. It is assumed to reflect weak central coherence: an underlying cognitive deficit, which might also be part of the genetic makeup of the disorder. We assessed block design reconstruction skills in high-functioning individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) from multi-incidence families and in their parents. Performance was compared to relevant matched control groups. We used a task that was assumed to be highly sensitive to subtle performance differences. We did not find individuals with ASD to be significantly faster on this task than the matched control group, not even when the difference between reconstruction time of segmented and pre-segmented designs was compared. However, we found individuals with ASD to make fewer errors during the process of reconstruction which might indicate some dexterity in mental segmentation. However, parents of individuals with ASD did not perform better on the task than control parents. Therefore, based on our data, we conclude that mental segmentation ability as measured with a block design reconstruction task is not a neurocognitive marker or endophenotype useful in genetic studies.