新冠肺炎疫情初期血液安全保障研究

梳理疫情初期宁夏血液中心保障临床用血安全的各项措施，包括:成立组织机构，制定应急预案；建立应急工作机制，推动措施有效落实；利用信息化手段，实施献血者紧急招募等。疫情初期临床用血需求量同比减少，乡镇采血量高于市区，日均采血量大于发放量，各血型红细胞库存量均维持在正常库存量水平，未发生血液报废情况和输血感染事件，未发生输血安全事件，临床用血安全得到了保障。     

Embryonic Staging Table for a Direct‐Developing Salamander,Plethodon cinereus (Plethodontidae)

Adult female red‐backed salamander, Plethodon cinereus, attending a clutch of eggs inside a decaying hemlock. See Figure 1A in Kerney, on page 1797, in this issue.     

Continuously moving table time‐of‐flight angiography of the peripheral veins

Time‐of‐flight (TOF) MR angiography allows for noninvasive vessel imaging. To overcome the limited volumetric coverage of standard TOF techniques, the aim of this study was to investigate the combination of TOF and continuously moving table (CMT) acquisitions for peripheral vein imaging based on image subtraction. Two acquisition strategies are presented: a simple two‐step method based on 2‐fold CMT acquisition and an advanced one‐step method requiring only one continuous scan. Image quality of both CMT TOF techniques was evaluated by semiquantitative image grading and by signal‐to‐noise ratio and contrast‐to‐noise ratio analysis for veins of the upper and lower leg in 10 healthy volunteers. Results were compared to a standard stationary two‐dimensional (2D) TOF multistation acquisition. Image grading revealed good image quality for both CMT TOF methods, thereby confirming the feasibility of axial 2D CMT TOF to assess the veins of the lower extremities during a single scan. Quantitative evaluation showed no significant difference in signal‐to‐noise ratio and contrast‐to‐noise ratio compared to the stationary experiment. Additional measurements in three patients with postthrombotic changes and varicosities demonstrated the clinical applicability of the presented methods. CMT TOF provides promising results and permits the detection of various pathologic changes of the venous system. Magn Reson Med 63:1219–1229, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

对数线性模型的IPF算法及其软件实现

目的　采用Ｎｅｗ ｔｏｎ－Ｒａｐｈｓｏｎ 法拟合对数线性模型时，如果列联表的维数太高（≥５），使得设计矩阵复杂，以及迭代精度等原因，出现病态的信息矩阵，而无法收敛，导致算法失败。本文从应用角度探讨了ＩＰＦ算法的有效性。方法　采用ＩＰＦ算法对一个五维表进行了分析。结果　ＩＰＦ算法能够很好地拟合高维表的模型，并得出了合理的结果。结论　ＩＰＦ算法简便、稳健，在Ｎｅｗ ｔｏｎ－Ｒａｐｈｓｏｎ 法失效时，不失为处理高维表的解决办法     

Tilt Table Testing of Young Adult Patients: Improved Speed and Sensitivity Using an Isoproterenol Bolus and a Continuous 60° Tilt

The tilt table is a diagnostic device used to induce vagal syncope and determine etiology. Sensitivity enhancing techniques, such as the administration of isoproterenol, can be applied to children and young adults to compensate for the otherwise low sensitivity (20%-30%) observed in that population. This study describes an improved test that offers a simplified approach while decreasing the amount of time involved by up to 50%, without compromising sensitivity. This 45-minute procedure relies on sensitization with isoproterenol administered as a 2- to 8-μg bolus instead of a continuous infusion. The isoproterenol is injected at the 30th minute of a 45-minute 60° tilt test without returning the patient to the supine position. In this study, the isoproterenol bolus tilt test was found to be "positive" in 24 of 30 patients reporting unexplained syncope: 10 cases before the 30th minute (11.2 ± 8.4 min) and 14 cases after administration of 5.1 ± 1,9 μg of isoproterenol.     

S2001野战手术床的研制

为适应现代战争野战外科急救手术需要,研制了一种可整体折叠野战手术床。该床由支架和台面组成。支架设计成双臂三角形,支架底撑为铰接式结构;体位调节机构由蜗轮、蜗杆机构、座板摇臂和各段床面的支撑装置组成。经过尺寸参数和体位角度测定、稳定性试验、载荷试验、调节力矩试验、模拟三级公路运输试验及部队试验试用证明:S2001野战手术床能适应头颈部、胸腹部、四肢、泌尿、五官等部位外科手术的要求,整体折叠结构符合野外迅速展收的需要。     

矿物药的鉴别方法

利用矿物药的物理特点和化学性质,介绍了十三种矿物药的鉴别方法。并附有常用矿物药鉴定表。     

Female age, the length of involuntary infertility prior to investigation and fertility outcome

The objectives of this study were two-fold: firstly to determinewhether female age exerts an influence on the fertility outcomeof couples attending an infertility clinic, independent of demographicand clinical details; and secondly to examine the relationshipbetween the length of involuntary infertility prior to investigationand the subsequent chance of conception. Seven-hundred-and-thirty-onesubjects whose partner did not have azoospermia were recruitedto the study. Female age ranged from 20 to 46 (mean = 31.1).Therange of involuntary infertility prior to investigation was12–216 (mean = 62) months. One-hundred-and-twenty-fourwomen conceived. The following variables achieved the 5% levelof significance when a stepwise analysis was performed on allcases; the concentration of spermatozoa exhibiting slow or sluggishlinear or non-linear motility (x²1= 17.57, P < 0.0001, RR= 1.67 per 50 x 10⁶), female age x²1= 12.44, P = 0.0004, RR= 0.92 per annum), tubal status (X² = 12.22, P = 0.0005, RR= 2.15), length of infertility before investigation (X² = 11.22,P = 0.0008, RR = 0.87 per annum) and past paternity (X² = 8.43,P = 0.0037, RR = 1.81). Female age was found to be positivelycorrelated with the incidence and severity of ovulatory dysfunction,tubal occlusive disease, pelvic adhesions and endometriosis.Where the female partner was ‘normal’ on investigation,all conceptions were independent of treatment to either partner.The following variable achieved the 5% level of significancewhen a stepwise analysis was performed on the latter group (n= 310): the concentration of spermatozoa that which exhibitedslow or sluggish linear or non-linear motility (X² = 113.38,P = 0.0003, RR = 1.73 per 50x 106).     

褐稻虱自然种群生命表的组建方法

本文把褐稻虱种群按其生长发育顺序划分为卵（E）、1－2龄若虫（S）、3－4龄若虫（L）和成虫（A）4个阶段，把各阶段的作因子划分为相对独立的状态（staltes)，在稻田调查中分别记录其单位面积的数量。通过换算，计算卵、1－2龄若虫和3－5龄若虫的存活率（Sg,Ss,Sl)及各作用因子相对应的存活率（S1，S2，S3，S4，S5，S6），同时通过实验种群的产卵量（FPfP），成虫逐日产卵概率（Pn)和自然种群成虫逐日存活率（AAa)组成的下代卵量概率，∑Pfl(SAa)′组成褐稻虱自然种群生命表的各个组分，如果包含成虫迁移后的居留率St,则根据生命表组分建立的种群趋势数字模型(Morris-Watt种群数学模型^[7,10,11])可扩充为：I＝SESSSLFPFP♂St∑Pfl(SAa)协′I＝S1S2S3S4S5S6FPFP♀St∑Pfl(SAa)′。     

直立倾斜试验对不明原因头晕与晕厥患者诊断比较

目的探讨直立倾斜试验(HUTT)对不明原因头晕与晕厥患者诊断上的差异。方法对头晕组(n=35)进行HUTT检查,并选择同期晕厥组(n=303)的HUTT结果为对照,HUTT采用基础直立倾斜试验(BHUT)及舌下含服硝酸甘油倾斜试验(SNHUT)。结果①头晕组与晕厥组患者在BHUT、SNHUT时收缩压、舒张压、心率比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),阳性结果反应类型比较差异亦无显著性意义(P>0.05)。②阳性率:HUTT时头晕组31.43%(11/35),晕厥组42.90%(130/303)。其中BHUT时头晕组28.57%(8/28),晕厥组33.82%(70/207);SNHUT时头晕组42.86%(3/7),晕厥组62.50%(60/96)。阳性率在头晕组和晕厥组比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。两组SNHUT阳性率较BHUT均明显提高(P<0.05)。③出现阳性结果时间:BHUT时头晕组(29.13±11.01 min)仅比晕厥组(23.52±12.80 min)稍长,SNHUT时在舌下含服硝酸甘油后也是头晕组(6.00±3.61 min)比晕厥组(4.98±3.51 min)稍长(P均>0.05)。结论临床上部分不明原因头晕患者由VVS所致,但并不出现晕厥发作,这类患者应重视倾斜试验检查。