负载乳腺癌抗原单核细胞来源树突状细胞迁移能力的调控因素研究

目的：体外培养乳腺癌抗原负载的人单核细胞来源DC，应用不同刺激因子使其表面CCR7表达上调，在体外观察其迁移能力。方法：用rhGM-CSF和rhIL-4诱导MoDCs，并负载乳腺癌抗原后，分别与PGE2、LTC4或Bryo-1共培养，检测其表型及其功能变化。结果：PGE2、LTC4和Bryo-1在体外不影响MoDCs刺激淋巴细胞增殖能力和自体特异性淋巴细胞杀伤活性。与对照组MoDCs相比，PGE2和LTC4作用MoDCs后CD86表达增高，可以上调CCR7 mRBA和蛋白表达（P〈0．05）。PGE2可以使MoDCs对其配体CCL19和CCL21反应性增强（P〈0．05），而LTC4仅能使MoDCs对CCL19反应性增强。Bryo-1虽然可以促进MoDCs成熟，使其CCR7 mRNA表达增强，但在CCR7蛋白表达、迁移能力方面与对照组相似。结论：以PGE2和LTC4作用MoDCs后可以通过上调其CCR7表达，促进其迁移趋化能力。     

Ethinyl estradiol treats collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1LacJ mice by inhibiting the production of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta

We previously demonstrated the therapeutic effects of ethinyl estradiol (EE), an orally active estrogen and a component of birth control pills, in encephalitogenic autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In this study, we report the effectiveness of EE in treating collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) induced with bovine type II collagen (bCII) in DBA/1LacJ mice, a CIA susceptible strain. Both low and high doses of EE notably suppressed clinical and histological signs of CIA in a dose-dependent manner compared to vehicle-treated controls. Oral treatment with EE decreased proliferation and secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, TNF-alpha IFN-gamma, MCP-1 and IL-6 by bCII peptide-specific T cells, production of bCII-specific IgG2a antibodies, and mRNA for cytokines, chemokines and chemokine receptors in joint tissue. This is the first report demonstrating effective treatment of joint inflammation and clinical signs of CIA with orally administered ethinyl estradiol, thus supporting its possible clinical use for treating rheumatoid arthritis in humans.     

IL—6基因转染的瘤苗体内诱导的抗肿瘤免疫功能与效果

经丝裂霉素C体外处理后,将IL-6基因转染的、高分泌的IL-6的B16黑色素瘤细胞制成瘤苗。结果发现,体内注射IL-6基因转染的瘤苗后,小鼠脾脏CTL活性、NK活性及IL-2诱导的LAK活性显著升高。经IL-6基因转染瘤苗体内治疗后,荷瘤小鼠的皮下肿瘤生长显著减慢、肺转移结节数显著降低、存活期显著延长,若同时合用低剂量IL-2,则上述治疗效果更好。可见IL-6基因转染的瘤苗能有效地通过诱导机体抗肿瘤免疫功能而发挥抗肿瘤作用,与低剂量IL-2合用后,IL-6基因转染的瘤苗的抗肿瘤效果更佳。     

Neurosis of acquired helplessness and role of hypoxia in the formation of this disorder in rats

Acquisition of instrumental defense response with pain reinforcement uncertainty (25% reinforcement) induced the development of acquired helplessness in 50% rats. Acquired helplessness is characterized by the absence of responses to conditioned (light) and unconditioned stimuli (pain), minor response of plasma corticosterone to learning, gas markers of circulatory cerebral hypoxia (DA/V pO₂ carotid artery/jugular vein), low sensitivity to severe hypobaric conditions, and high resistance of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. Piracetam improved learning and prevented the development of acquired helplessness. Local changes in cerebral blood flow and energy deficit in neurons responsible for emotional stress during acquired helplessness impair adaptive capacity, but reduce energy consumption and protect neuronal structures.     

终末期肝病模型评分在原发性肝癌合并肝硬化脾功能亢进外科治疗中的作用

目的 探讨终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分评估肝储备功能在原发性肝癌合并肝硬化脾功能亢进中确定手术适应证的应用价值.方法 对2001年1月至2007年1月间行肝癌切除联合脾切除(联合术)治疗的40例原发性肝癌合并肝硬化脾功能亢进患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.通过MELD评分与Child-Pugh分级比较,结合临床资料及术后并发症分析,确定这一方法在评估肝储备功能中的作用.结果 同一Child-Pugh分级的患者MELD评分结果并不一致,在各级别间有交错现象.术后发生肝功能衰竭组(6例)的MELD评分均值为(24.6±6.6).未发生肝功能衰竭组(34例)的MELD评分均值为(16.3±8.5),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).根据MELD评分分为A组16例(MELD评分<10),B组17例(MELD评分10-20),C组7例(MELD评分>20).A组术后肝功能衰竭发生率为0,B组为11.8%(2/17),C组为57.1%(4/7),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).根据Child-Pugh分级分为Ⅰ级26例,Ⅱ级14例.Ⅰ级术后肝功能衰竭发生率为15.4%(4/26),Ⅱ级为14.3%(2/14),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 MELD评分能够较为客观地反映肝储备功能,对外科术式的选择、手术时机的确定有一定的参考作用.     

Digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia promotes later health resilience during the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic

Study ObjectivesStressful life events contribute to insomnia, psychosocial functioning, and illness. Though individuals with a history of insomnia may be especially vulnerable during stressful life events, risk may be mitigated by prior intervention. This study evaluated the effect of prior digital cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (dCBT-I) versus sleep education on health resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsCOVID impact, insomnia, general- and COVID-related stress, depression, and global health were assessed in April 2020 in adults with a history of insomnia who completed a randomized controlled trial of dCBT-I (n = 102) versus sleep education control (n = 106) in 2016–2017. Regression analyses were used to evaluate the effect of intervention conditions on subsequent stress and health during the pandemic.ResultsInsomnia symptoms were significantly associated with COVID-19 related disruptions, and those who previously received dCBT-I reported less insomnia symptoms, less general stress and COVID-related cognitive intrusions, less depression, and better global health than those who received sleep education. Moreover, the odds for resurgent insomnia was 51% lower in the dCBT-I versus control condition. Similarly, odds of moderate to severe depression during COVID-19 was 57% lower in the dCBT-I condition.ConclusionsThose who received dCBT-I had increased health resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults with a history of insomnia and ongoing mild to moderate mental health symptoms. These data provide evidence that dCBT-I is a powerful tool to promote mental and physical health during stressors, including the COVID-19 pandemic.Clinical Trial Registration{"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02988375","term_id":"NCT02988375"}}NCT02988375     

1078848例妇女普查情况分析及干预措施讨论

目的了解南京地区妇女病普查普治情况，以便有针对性地探讨干预措施。方法采用常规妇女病普查方法．并对资料进行回顾性分析。结果近五年南京城市普查率在85％以上，而农村普查率出现下降趋势；患病率城市明显高于农村，且城乡之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。每年妇科疾病中宫颈糜烂占居首位，宫颈癌、卵巢癌、性病的患病率均呈上升趋势，而乳腺癌呈下降趋势。结论妇女病普查普治工作应明确规定承担妇女病普查职责的职能机构，规范普查项目及内容，规范妇科疾病的诊治，切实提高妇女病普查普治质量。     

Na+,K+-activated adenosine triphosphatase of isolated Müller cells from the rabbit retina shows a K+ dependence similar to that of brain astrocytes

Müller (glial) cells from the rabbit retina were isolated by means of papain and mechanical dissociation. Their Na+,K+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity was measured using a radiochemical method, and its K+ dependence was determined. In contrast to that of photoreceptors (data from the literature), the Na+,K+-ATPase of Müller cells could be shown to increase its activity greatly when the [K+] was enhanced up to 10 mM. The functional implications of this behaviour for the K+ clearance in the retina are discussed.     

Glucose preferences in wild and domestic guinea pigs

Male wild (Cavia aperea) and domestic (C. porcellus) guinea pigs were tested in two-bottle choice tests for preferences between glucose solutions of different concentrations and de-ionized water. Wild males showed significant preferences for concentrations between 0.025 and 0.4 M glucose while domestic males preferred only the 0.2 M glucose solution to de-ionized water. C. aperea males also consumed significantly greater volumes of liquid per kg body $\text{wt.}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>3</mtext><mtext>4</mtext>}}$ during the glucose tests than did the C. porcellus males. These comparative results contrast sharply with those obtained by other authors with wild and domestic Norway rats.