Pneumatosis cystoides intestinii

Zusammenfassung Die Pneumatosis cystoides intestinii (PCI), das Auftreten submuköser oder subseröser, gasgefüllter Zysten in der Wand des Gastrointestinaltrakts, tritt als seltene Erkrankung ohne eindeutige Geschlechtspräferenz vorwiegend in der 3. bis 5. Lebensdekade auf. Atiopathogenetisch werden unterschiedliche Faktoren diskutiert, am wahrscheinlichsten ist eine bakterielle Ursache (Clostridium perfringens) in Verbindung mit einer minimalen Unterbrechung der Mukosaintegrität. Eine pathognomonische Symptomatik gibt es nicht, das klinische Bild reicht von asymptomatischen Zufallsbefunden bis zur Hämatochezie. Die Diagnose wird durch den Nachweis der Gaseinschlüsse mittels Abdomenübersichtsaufnahme und Kolonkontrasteinlauf gestellt. Als Behandlungsmethoden für symptomatische Patienten stehen Sauerstofftherapie, Antibiotikagabe (Metronidazol) und in schweren Fällen die Resektion des betroffenen Darmabschnitts zur Verfügung.

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Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI), a condition involving submucosal or subserosal gas-containing cysts of the wall of the gastrointestinal tract, is a rare entity. It is mostly diagnosed between the third and fifth decades of life without a clear sexual predominance. Different aetiopathogenetic factors are under discussion, the most probable being a bacteriologic cause (Clostridium perfringens) in combination with minimal leaks in mucosal barrier. There are no pathognomonic symptoms; the clinical picture ranges from incidental findings to haematochezia. Diagnosis is based on plain abdominal film and X-ray following barium enema. Methods of treatment in symptomatic cases are oxygen and antibiotic (metronidazole) therapies and, in severe cases, resection of the diseased part of the intestine.

     

Quality of life assessment and HIV infection: A review

In the last few years, survival of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been improved because of a decreased incidence of some opportunistic complications attributable to prophylactic treatments and antiretroviral drugs. The impact of these agents should also be reflected in the quality of life (QoL) of patients. We have reviewed this topic with an emphasis on different types of measurements such as Q-TWIST, MOS and the Spitzer score which seem to be most appropriate for this patient population. We do not think that a special type of assessment should be designed for HIV-infected persons. It would be less time-consuming to improve already existing validated scores focusing on HIV infection. QoL in intravenous drug users with HIV should be evaluated more often.     

环丙沙星与氧氟沙星注射液治疗细菌性感染的疗效观察

以乳酸环丙沙星（ＣＰＬＸ）注射液和氧氟沙星（ＯＦＬＸ）注射液随机分组治疗各种细菌性感染４０例及４２例，并以注射用头孢噻肟钠（ＣＴＸ）治疗４９例作对照。三组平均年龄、体重、疗程及病情程度相比无显著性差异，具可比性。病种分布以消化道感染最多，共８１例，占总数的６１．８％。三组１３１例病人细菌阳性率为９４．７％。一疗程ＣＰＬＸ组、ＯＦＬＸ组、ＣＴＸ组治愈率分别为８７．２％、８３．３％、７１．４％，有效率     

效益评价中指标筛选及其假设检验

西文介绍了综合效益评价中指标的逐步筛选及其假设检验方法，用该法选出的指标具有独立性强、代表性好的优点。同是分析处理了全国３４家县级医院的投入指标，从中筛选出５个指标参与评价。     

海南省妇幼保健机构现状与创等达标的对策

根据《妇幼保健机构等级评审标准》（下称《标准》）要求，对全省２０个妇幼保健机构现状进行了调查。结果显示：我省妇幼卫生工作基础薄弱，离《标准》要求差距较大；各机构间的发展极不平衡；县（市）级机构整体水平偏低，业务用房、人员、设备、床位等建设滞后；服务项目单一，二级专业分科不完善等矛盾较为突出。据此提出，在创等达标工作中，要依靠各级政府，努力争取各方面的支持，抓住机遇，迎接挑战，重点抓好软件建设，加强在职培训，积极引进人才，拓宽服务范围，规范自我，依法服务。     

Clinical Evaluation of a New Type of Centrifugal Pump

Abstract: The major problems with existing centrifugal pumps are leakage, mechanical trauma, and thrombus formation. In consideration of these problems, a new compact centrifugal pump system was developed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the new centrifugal pump system clinically. Ten patients underwent open heart surgery with a centrifugal pump or a roller pump. During surgery, hemodynamic and hematological data were obtained. A pulsatile assist device in the pump circuit was used in patients with severe heart disease. There was neither operative death nor hospital mortality, and there was no difference with regard to hemodynamic data between the two groups. The centrifugal pump group, however, had significantly lower hemolysis, especially during prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass. This centrifugal pump could also create sufficient pulsatile flow with a pulsatile assist device. Postoperative macroscopic and microscopic findings demonstrated the smooth surface of the pump without thrombus formation. This centrifugal pump system might be useful for prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass.     

Current practice in the pre-operative assessment of patients for elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysmA survey of UK hospitals

A postal survey of 100 hospitals throughout the United Kingdom and Ireland was conducted to assess current practice in the pre-operative assessment and use of pulmonary artery catheters in patients undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Seventy-four completed questionnaires were received. The survey revealed that 53% of respondents hold designated pre-operative assessment clinics, attended by anaesthetists in 54% and cardiologists in 26%. However, only 4% of respondents have a written protocol for stratifying patients and assessing peri-operative risk. By far the commonest investigation of choice for further cardiological assessment is transthoracic echocardiography (67%). Other investigations of choice are multiple update gated acquisition (MUGA) scan (13%), dipyridamole thallium imaging (9%), exercise ECG (6%), stress echocardiography (1%) and stress MUGA (1%). Two units (3%) never undertook further investigation. Pulmonary artery flotation catheters are used as a routine by 9% of respondents, dependent upon left ventricular ejection fraction by 65%, dependent on other factors by 7% and not used at all by 19%. The survey reveals widespread variation in pre-operative assessment of patients undergoing elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.     

Distinguishment of A 42 Capsomere Structure of Icosohedral Virion from A 32 One by Electron Microsco

ＤｉｓｔｉｎｇｕｉｓｈｍｅｎｔｏｆＡ４２ＣａｐｓｏｍｅｒｅＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆＩｃｏｓｏｈｅｄｒａｌＶｉｒｉｏｎｆｒｏｍＡ３２ＯｎｅｂｙＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｎＭｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅＣｎｅｎＢｉｎｇｙｉｎｇ（陈丙莺）；ＺｈｏｕＴｏｎｇ（周）（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅ...     

通瘀注射液盆腔给药法治疗外在型子宫内膜异位症的临床研究

目的　运用通瘀注射液在非直视下经输卵管盆腔给药对子宫内膜异位症 (EEMs)的治疗作用 ,探讨活血化瘀法对EEMs的作用机理及此给药法的优势。方法　将临床治疗的EEMs患者 60例随机分为治疗组 (通瘀注射液组 )和对照组 (丹那唑组 ) ,疗程各为 3个月。用药前后测定下列指标 :临床症状与体征、内分泌激素、血液流变学、癌抗原 12 5 (CA12 5)和子宫内膜抗体 (EMAb)的阳性率变化。结果　治疗组的临床症状与体征、血液粘滞度和红细胞压积、CA12 5和EMAb的阳性率均降低 ,卵泡刺激素 (FSH)、黄体生成素 (LH)、雌二醇 (E2 )和孕激素 (P)的含量均受到调节 ,与对照组相比 ,差异有显著性。而治疗组对内分泌的调节能力弱于对照组 ,但作用柔和、均衡。结论　通瘀注射液对EEMs的作用是通过清除月经时异位内膜的瘀血、水肿、改善微循环及组织供氧、调节免疫功能和内分泌紊乱而实现的 ,与丹那唑相比其副作用小、并以治本为主。盆腔给药法则可使药物直达病灶 ,见效快