大脑中汉语“介词”加工的依赖性机制：来自事件相关电位研究的证据(英文)

目的考察分析汉语中动词与介词在大脑神经加工机制上的异同。方法采用事件相关电位(event- related potentials,ERP)技术,选择以汉语为母语的正常被试者共16人,观察被试者在加工两类词时脑电的ERP波形变化。结果动词与介词的原始波比较结果表明,动词与介词在230-330ms的时间窗口均诱发一个负波,在350-500ms也均诱发一个负波,它们在峰值上均无显著差异;动词与介词的差异波比较结果表明,无论是在语义上还是句法上,发现两个类型的单词在刺激呈现后270-400ms和470-600ms的时间窗口内,在大脑两侧均诱发一个负波。结论大脑对动词与介词的加工机制没有出现显著差异,介词难以独立成类,N280也非虚词的特定性成分。     

Body composition in young female adults with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. A prospective case-control study.

AIMS: Overweight is common during late puberty in female patients with Type 1 diabetes. The aim of this study was to examine the change in body composition from late puberty to early adulthood in such female patients in comparison with age-matched control subjects. METHODS: Eighteen females with Type 1 diabetes and 19 healthy female control subjects were recruited for a case-control study at the age of 16-19 years (baseline). Six years later, 16 of the diabetic females and 17 of the control subjects were re-examined (follow-up). Body composition was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: Body mass index (BMI) and fat mass index (total fat mass/height2) were significantly higher at baseline in the diabetic patients than in the control subjects (26.4 +/- 2.6 vs. 23.9 +/- 3.7 kg/m2, P < 0.05, and 10.0 +/- 2.4 vs. 8.0 +/- 2.8 kg/m2, P = 0.04, respectively). At follow-up, these parameters still tended to be higher in the diabetic group (27.8 +/- 4.9 vs. 24.6 +/- 5.7 kg/m2, P = 0.09, and 11.8 +/- 5.6 vs. 8.7 +/- 4.9 kg/m2, P = 0.05, respectively). BMI at baseline was strongly correlated to BMI at follow-up in both diabetic patients (r = 0.60; P < 0.05) and control subjects (r = 0.83; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Increased fat mass in pubertal girls with Type 1 diabetes seems to persist in young adulthood. This study emphasizes the need for new strategies to prevent the development of overweight during puberty in diabetic girls.     

仙灵骨葆胶囊改善精液质量的临床研究

目的:观察仙灵骨葆胶囊改善男性不育患者精液质量的情况。方法:女方生育功能正常的男性不育患者66例,口服仙灵骨葆胶囊2~4个月,观察治疗前后精液质量并进行精子形态学分析。结果:治疗2个月后,精子密度有所提高,但无统计学差异(P>0.05);精子存活率和活动率也无明显变化(P>0.05);治疗后正常形态精子百分率明显升高,其中正常形态精子百分率≥15%者,由治疗前的25.8%(17/66)增加为57.6%(38/66)(P<0.05),而正常形态精子百分率<9%者,由治疗前的53.0%(35/66)下降为25.8%(17/66);7例少精子症者用药前精子正常形态百分率平均为5.8%,服药4个月后平均为10.9%,与服药前有明显差异(P<0.05)。治疗期间有5例患者配偶怀孕。结论:仙灵骨葆胶囊对男性精液质量有改善作用,能明显提高正常形态精子百分率,少精子症者更明显。     

中西药物保留灌肠合并针灸治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床研究

目的 观察中西药物保留灌肠合并针灸治疗溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的疗效.方法 对确诊的63例UC患者随机分为两组,治疗组(32例)用中西药物150 mL睡前保留灌肠合并针灸治疗,每日1次,疗程4周;对照组(31例)用强的松龙100 mg、庆大霉素16万u加生理盐水150 mL睡前保留灌肠,每日1次,疗程4周.然后比较疗效.结果 治疗组疗效明显高于对照组,总有效率分别为96.9%和77.4%,1年复发率分别为9.37%和25.8% (P<0.05).两组差异有统计学意义.结论 中西药物保留灌肠合并针灸治疗UC疗效显著,复发率低,有临床应用价值.     

高等医药院校大学生健康人格培养模式研究

健康人格是个体身心顺利发展的重要保证，是大学生适应社会、充分发挥自己能力的心理基础。而目前许多高等医药院校在大学生健康人格培养方面，普遍重视不够。本文从学校、教师、失学生自身三个角度，试探索出一套适合高等医药院校大学生健康人格建立和发展的培养模式，以期为对以后的心理健康教育工作有一定的启发和指导作用。     

Identifying the special needs of children with Type 1 diabetes in the school setting. An overview of parents' perceptions.

AIMS: The aims of this observational study were to identify the special needs of children with Type 1 diabetes in schools from the parents' point of view and the difficulties experienced with full integration, and to define a series of interventions which may improve the situation. METHODS: Parents of children aged 3-18 years with Type 1 diabetes were eligible. Those who agreed to participate completed a self-reporting questionnaire which determined the effects of the disease on children, parents and school personnel, and addressed aspects including children's integration, glycaemic control, insulin administration, meals, sports, trips and attitudes of teachers and school colleagues to their disease. RESULTS: A total of 499 questionnaires were completed and validated. Median age of children was 11.5 years (95% CI 7.8-15.2). Only 34% of parents believed that teachers could recognize the symptoms of a mild hypoglycaemic episode. Seventeen per cent of parents experienced problems at their schools when they informed staff about their children's disease, 5% were finally not accepted and 8% were forced to change school. In some cases, they had to modify glucose monitoring (9%) and treatment administration (16%) because of a lack of cooperation from the school. CONCLUSIONS: Training sessions on Type 1 diabetes, an increase in the number of nurses, better availability of resources from diabetic associations to schools and improved communication between school personnel and parents were identified as key factors that may improve the full integration of the diabetic child in this setting.     

体外细胞培养检验“方证对应”关系的方法学研究

目的通过在体外细胞培养中加入中药复方粗提制剂对具有典型的中医证型的肺癌患者的外周血淋巴细胞NK活性的影响，探索能否在体外实验中反映“方证对应”关系。方法以水煎醇沉法制备两种中药复方（益气养阴和健脾化痰）的粗提制剂，取具有典型的中医证型（气阴两虚或脾虚痰湿证型）的肺癌患者的外周血淋巴细胞，将同一个患者的标本分为四个体外实验组，即空白对照组，中药5mg／ml组及10mg／ml组，自细胞介素2（250^u/ml，阳性对照）组。按“辨证论治”原则加入相应的中药复方制剂。体外培养22h或94h，以MTT法检测各组的NK活性。结果无论培养22h或94h，中药组的NK活性与对照组比较皆无显著性差异（P〉0．05），而白细胞介素2（阳性对照）组的NK括性均明显升高（P〈0．05）。结论两种中药复方制剂都未能在体外反应出“方证对应”的效果，说明中药粗提制剂直接用于体外细胞培养，其结果的可靠性差。     

提高中医临床疗效的科学学检讨(连载三)

中医学的生命力在于临床疗效 ,社会对于中医学的需要也在于临床疗效。提高中医临床疗效的科学学研究 ,要以中医基础理论为依据 ,以理、法、方、药一脉相承的辨证论治为前提。造成中医临床疗效下降的问题在于“三个脱节” ,即中医学与自身文化基础脱节 ,中医临床与辨证论治脱节 ,中药与中医临床脱节。中医学正处于行将消亡的边缘 ,也处在新的突破的前夜。实事求是地进行科学、历史的反思 ,中医学完全有可能走出百年困惑 ,得到振兴和发展。     

白芍总甙促干扰素诱生及抗病毒作用的研究

研究白芍总甙的促干扰素诱生及抗病毒作用,结果表明;白芍总甙10 mg·L~(-1)在试管内无直接诱生干扰素(JFN)作用.可促进鸡新城疫互I系弱毒冻干疫苗诱生αIFN,其最适浓度为10 mg·L~(-1)可促进ConA诱生γIFN.当ConA为亚适剂量时,最适浓度为l～10 mg·L~(-1)当ConA为最适剂量时,其最适浓度为0.1 ～1mg·L~(-1),皆可提高IFN效价l～2倍。具有直接抗病毒作用,白芍总甙250 mg·L~(-1)能使水泡性口炎病毒效价下降2.22个对数值。