双侧脑室内出血治疗的临床分析

目的回顾性分析不同级别脑室内出血治疗方法与预后的关系。方法根据国内脑出血临床分级，Ⅰ级和Ⅳ级患者行镇静、脱水、止血，预防并发症，改善脑功能等内科保守治疗。Ⅱ、Ⅲ级患者行双侧侧脑室钻孔尿激酶灌注治疗。结果与结论对Ⅱ、Ⅲ级患者，双侧侧脑室钻孔尿激酶灌注治疗是最佳选择，创伤小，适应症广泛，适合各型脑室内出血。     

原发性血小板减少性紫癜患者血小板相关抗体变化与中医辨证分型的关系

为探索原发性血小板减少性紫癜患者血小板相关抗体变化与中医辨证分型的关系,采用单抗酶联法对45例该病患者和15例正常人,分别进行了PAIgG、PAIgM、PAC_3的检测.检测结果发现患病组前两项均高于正常组,中医分型三型之间亦有不同程度的显著性意义.为中医认识本病的辨证及分型规律提供了客观依据.     

Definition and classification of eczemas--a pertinent challenge to dermatologists

Since, in dermatological literature, the term ‘dermatitis’ is frequently confused with ‘eczema’, is has to be unequivocally stated that ‘dermatitis’ is a generic term covering very different patterns of dermal inflammation, whereas ‘eczema’ (or ‘eczematous dermatitis’, resp.) represents a distinct pattern of superficial dermatitis histologically characterized by spongiotic dermo-epidermitis. Eczemas can be defined as inflammatory, non-infectious intolerance reactions of the epidermo-papillary skin compartment with reversible epidermotropic exudation caused by an immense variety of external and/or internal agents combined with increased individual susceptibility to respond. As current classifications only partially reflect the complex causative conditions involved in the etiology and pathodynamics of eczematous disease, the author proposes to classify eczemas according to the following major categories: 1) Mainly exogenous eczemas including those of contact-induced non-allergic, allergic and photo-allergic origin, 2) mainly endogenous (or atopic, resp.) eczemas, and 3) eczemas of combined dysregulatory-microbial origin. The latter group comprises eczemas caused by various functional and/or structural derangements of epidermal protective properties (summarized by the term ‘dysregulation’) which in turn permit the resident and/or transient microflora of the damaged horny layer to induce eczematous inflammatory responses. Since topical and morphological attributes may change during the course of the very same eczema, they are inappropriate for basic classification and should be used only as minor criteria for characterizing the sites and predominant lesional type of the respective eczema. The possible combination of eczemas representing two or even three major categories in one patient leads to intermediate forms entirely in keeping with the division into three principal groups. The proposed classification is aimed at eliminating the terminological confusion of eczemas as well as enabling reliable documentation for statistics which can be used in computer-aided comparisons of multicenter studies on etiology or epidemiology of eczemas.     

36例肺癌肺外症状临床分析

目的总结36例首发肺外症状肺癌的特点。方法选择我们院2004年9月～2008年8月36例肺癌肺外症状的进行分析。结果肺癌肺外症状复杂多样且首诊极易误诊。结论掌握并重视肺癌肺外症状对肺癌早期诊断和治疗肺癌肺外症状对肺癌早期诊断和治疗大有裨益。     

Short echo time MR spectroscopy of brain tumors: Grading of cerebral gliomas by correlation analysis of normalized spectral amplitudes

Purpose:

To process single voxel spectra of low‐ and high‐grade gliomas. To propose correlation analysis of the scatter plots of normalized spectral amplitudes as a pattern recognition tool for the classification (grading) of brain tumors. To propose a spectrum processing approach that improves the differentiation of proton spectra with dominating macromolecule and lipid peaks.

Materials and Methods:

LCModel was used to process spectra. Mean metabolite concentrations and mean normalized spectra were obtained for normal white matter and for gliomas. The mean spectra of macromolecules and lipids (ML) in the range 1.4–0.9 ppm, and mean difference spectra (DS) without ML and lactate were computed. Correlation analysis of the scatter plot of the patient and mean normalized spectral amplitudes and dispersion of the scatter plot points were used for classification and grading of tumors.

Results:

It was found advantageous to perform the classifications using DS spectra. The shape of ML spectrum and concentration of tCr seem to be a good markers for glioma grade.

Conclusion:

Combining a qualitative comparison of the patient and mean DS spectra of the tumors using correlation analysis of normalized spectra amplitudes with a quantitative comparison of metabolite concentrations is a powerful tool in studying brain lesions. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:39–45. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.