黄芪注射液治疗脑梗塞后抑郁症32例疗效观察

目的：探讨黄芪注射液对比脑蛋白水解物治疗脑梗塞后抑郁症的疗效观察.方法：回顾性分析2012年5月-2013年8月期间因脑梗塞后抑郁症入院的患者64例,按计划分为两组,每组32例,分别予以黄芪注射液（观察组）和脑蛋白水解物（对照组）,比较两组患者治疗后临床效果、HAMD评分、SDS评分以及不良反应发生情况.结果：观察组显效率78.1%明显高于对照组43.8%,治疗后HAMD评分（16.1±4.3）明显低于对照组（25.2±4.0）,SDS评分（51.7±3.6）明显低于对照组（59.9±4.1）,总不良反应15.7%明显低于对照组31.3%.结论：黄芪注射液对于治疗脑梗塞后抑郁症临床疗效明显,HAMD评分和SDS评分下降显著,不良反应发生率低,适合临床广泛应用.     

Krill Protein Hydrolysate Provides High Absorption Rate for All Essential Amino Acids—A Randomized Control Cross-Over Trial

Background: adequate protein intake is essential to humans and, since the global demand for protein-containing foods is increasing, identifying new high-quality protein sources is needed. In this study, we investigated the acute postprandial bioavailability of amino acids (AAs) from a krill protein hydrolysate compared to a soy and a whey protein isolate. Methods: the study was a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial including ten healthy young males. On four non-consecutive days, volunteers consumed water or one of three protein-matched supplements: whey protein isolate, soy protein isolate or krill protein hydrolysate. Blood samples were collected prior to and until 180 min after consumption. Serum postprandial AA concentrations were determined using ¹H NMR spectroscopy. Hunger and satiety were assessed using visual analogue scales (VAS). Results: whey and krill resulted in significantly higher AA concentrations compared to soy between 20–60 min and 20–40 min after consumption, respectively. Area under the curve (AUC) analyses revealed that whey resulted in the highest postprandial serum concentrations of essential AAs (EAAs) and branched chain AAs (BCAAs), followed by krill and soy, respectively. Conclusions: krill protein hydrolysate increases postprandial serum EAA and BCAA concentrations in a superior manner to soy protein isolate and thus might represent a promising future protein source in human nutrition.     

核桃健脑片对东莨菪碱诱导记忆障碍小鼠的作用及其机制考察

摘 要 目的：考察核桃健脑片对东莨菪碱诱导记忆障碍小鼠的作用及机制。方法: 小鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,磷脂酰丝氨酸组（40 mg·kg-1）,核桃酶解提取物（66.7 mg·kg-1）组,核桃健脑片低（333 mg·kg-1）、中（667 mg·kg-1）、高（1 333 mg·kg-1）剂量组,连续给药30 d后注射东莨菪碱进行跳台测试,观察潜伏期和错误次数。各组小鼠连续给药第26~30天注射东莨菪碱进行水迷宫测试,观察定位航行测试的逃避潜伏期和空间探索测试穿越原平台次数、到达原平台的时间和在原平台象限游泳的时间;然后取脑组织测定乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、乙酰胆碱转移酶（ChAT）、Na+/K+ ATP酶（Na+/K+ ATPase）的活性,试剂盒测定乙酰胆碱（ACh）、谷氨酸（Glu）、γ 氨基丁酸（GABA）的含量。结果: 核桃健脑片中、高剂量可减少跳台测试中小鼠错误次数（P<0.05）;缩短水迷宫定位航行测试的逃避潜伏期和空间探索测试的到达原平台时间（P<0.05）,增加在原平台象限游泳的时间（P<0.05）和穿越原平台次数。核桃健脑片中、高剂量可降低脑组织的AChE活性和GABA含量（P<0.05）,增加脑组织的ChAT和Na+/K+ ATPase的活性,增加ACh、Glu的含量（P<0.05）。结论: 核桃健脑片中、高剂量可改善东莨菪碱诱导记忆障碍小鼠的学习记忆,其作用机制与调节ACh的代谢,调节Glu与GABA的比例,增加Na+/K+ ATPase的活性有关。     

3种联合用药方案治疗急性脑梗死的成本-效果分析

目的：评价不同药物治疗方案在急性脑梗死治疗中的疗效及经济学效果。方法：114例急性脑梗死患者随机分成A、B、C组,每组38例,分别给予丹参注射液＋胞磷胆碱注射液、丹参川芎嗪注射液＋胞磷胆碱注射液、曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物注射液＋丹参川芎嗪注射液＋胞磷胆碱注射液静滴,运用成本-效果分析法比较3种方案的疗效和成本。结果：A、B、C组成本分别为6 037.66元、6 575.95元、15 388.42元,总有效率分别为34.2%、65.8%、76.3%,成本-效果比分别为17 653.98、9 993.84、20 168.31,A、C组各出现1例消化道出血,经治疗痊愈,未见颅内出血者。结论：B组治疗方案较佳。     

海洋生药尖海龙的抗疲劳作用研究

研究海洋生药尖海龙的抗疲劳作用,分析了尖海龙的营养成分;用尖海龙提取的总脂肪和酶水解液进行抗疲劳动物实验。结果表明,尖海龙总脂肪、酶水解液都能显著延长小鼠游泳时间（较空白对照P<0.05）,减少运动引起的血乳酸增加和加速运动后血乳酸含量的降低（P<0.05）,增加小鼠肌糖原和肝糖原的储备（P<0.05）。证明尖海龙的总脂肪和酶水解液都具有抗疲劳作用。实验结果同时证实,尖海龙整体生药的抗疲劳作用更为有效（较空白对照,P<0.01）。     

Hypotensive and Hepatoprotective Properties of the Polysaccharide-Stabilized Foaming Composition Containing Hydrolysate of Whey Proteins

Whey protein hydrolysates (WPHs) are one of the most promising sources of biofunctional peptides with such beneficial properties as antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory and others. WPHs also could be used as foaming agents for aerated products (e.g., milk shake type drinks). However, WPH alone has a bitter taste and foamed WPH should be stabilized by additional ingredients. Here, we present a composition including WPH and three polysaccharides—pumpkin pectin, sodium alginate and ι-carrageenan—used as foam stabilizers. Polysaccharide content was selected according to foaming, organoleptic antioxidant and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory characteristics of the resulted composition. Further, the hypotensive, antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of the composition were proved by in vivo tests performed in spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar rats with CCl₄-induced hepatic injury.     

Allergenicity of milk protein hydrolysate formulae in children with cow's milk allergy

Cow's milk protein hydrolysate formulae have been developed to lower or eliminate the allergenicity of cow's milk proteins, and to reduce the antigenic load and the risk of sensitization. Cross-reactivity between different hydrolysate formulae and cow's milk proteins has been demonstrated. We have studied 20 children (median age 31 months, range 15–76 months) with a history of IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy. All the children had immediate allergic respiratory and/or cutaneous and/or gastro-intestinal reactions to cow's milk ingestion. In addition, the children had positive prick skin tests and positive RAST to cow's milk. Prick skin test, RAST, and double-blind placebo controlled food challenges were performed with three different hydrolysate formulae: a casein hydrolysate formula and two whey formulae, one partially and one extensively hydrolyzed. All 20 children had immediate allergic reactions after the challenge test with cow's milk. Only 2/20 children had a positive challenge test with a casein hydrolysate formula (Alimentum): one developed asthma and one urticaria. Two of the 15 children challenged with an extensively hydrolysed whey formula (Profylac) developed perioral erythema. Nine out of 20 children had a positive challenge test with a partially hydrolysed whey formula (Nidina H.A.): four developed asthma, three urticaria and two lip oedema. All children had positive prick skin tests to cow's milk proteins (casein and/or lactalbumin); 9 to Nidina H.A.; 3 to Profylac, and 3 to Alimentum. Specific IgE antibodies to cow's milk were present in all children; in 13 to Nidina H.A., in 4 to Profylac, and in 3 to Alimentum.     

梅花鹿茸胶原酶解物对维甲酸致大鼠骨质疏松防治作用的实验研究

目的:观察梅花鹿茸胶原酶解物(CSDV)对维甲酸诱导大鼠骨质疏松症的影响。方法:大白鼠50只,随机分为5组:对照组,模型组和CSDV高、中、低剂量组(0.4,0.2,0.1 g.kg-1.d-1)。通过灌胃给予维甲酸70 mg.kg-1.d-1,连续14d,建立大鼠骨质疏松模型。造模同时灌胃给予鹿茸胶原酶解物治疗30 d后,处死动物。取血分离血清,测定血清钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶含量;取左侧股骨称重,计算骨重系数,做骨生物力学强度测定;取右侧股骨,做骨组织形态计量测定。结果:与模型组比较,CSDV能明显改善对维甲酸诱导大鼠的骨密度降低,血清碱性磷酸酶升高,钙、磷含量降低;改善骨病理形态发生的明显改变;骨小梁个数减少、平均骨小梁宽度变窄、平均骨小梁间距变大、骨体积降低、平均骨皮质厚度变薄;改善骨生物力学强度指标;股最大载荷降低、最大挠度变短、骨应力减小、骨应变量降低等骨质疏松改变。但上述功能随鹿茸胶原酶解物给药剂量变化而不同。结论:鹿茸胶原酶解物中剂量组能使骨量增加,骨组织显微结构趋于正常,骨生物力学强度增加,对大鼠骨质疏松有防治作用。     

Effects of an Extensively Hydrolyzed Formula Supplemented with Two Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Growth,Tolerability, Safety and Infection Risk in Infants with Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy: A Randomized,Multi-Center Trial

This randomized clinical trial (Registration: {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT03085134","term_id":"NCT03085134"}}NCT03085134) assessed if an extensively hydrolyzed formula (EHF) supplemented with two human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and reduced protein content (2.20 g/100 kcal) supports normal growth in infants with cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA). Secondary outcomes were gastrointestinal tolerability, safety, and effect on infections. Nonbreastfed infants aged 0–6 months with CMPA were enrolled. Body weight, length, and head circumference were measured monthly for 4 months (primary study endpoint), after 6 months, and at the age of 12 months. Of 200 infants screened, 194 (mean age 3.2 months) were randomized. At the 4-month follow-up, daily weight gain for the test formula was noninferior to the control formula; p < 0.005. There were no significant group differences in anthropometric parameters. Both formulas were safe and well tolerated. Infants in the HMO group had a statistically significant reduction in the frequency of upper respiratory tract infections and a lower incidence of ear infections at 12 months (per protocol analysis). The relative risk of lower respiratory tract and gastrointestinal infections was reduced by 30–40%, but this was not statistically significant due to sample size limitations. In summary, the HMO-supplemented formula supports normal growth in infants with CMPA and suggests a protective effect against respiratory and ear infections in the first year of life.     

尤瑞克林联合曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物对急性脑梗死患者凝血功能及神经功能的影响

目的探讨尤瑞克林联合曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物对急性脑梗死患者凝血功能及神经功能的影响。方法将96例急性脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,各48例。对照组给予尤瑞克林治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物注射液。观察2组临床疗效,比较治疗前后凝血功能指标及神经细胞因子水平,并对神经功能缺损程度进行评估。结果治疗组总有效率显著高于对照组(91.67%vs.77.08%,P0.05)。治疗后,2组纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体(D-D)水平及血小板计数均较治疗前显著降低(P0.05或P0.01),治疗组上述指标显著低于对照组(P0.01)。治疗后,2组神经营养因子(NTF)、神经生长因子(NGF)水平显著升高(P0.01),神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平显著降低(P0.01),其中治疗组升高及降低程度显著大于对照组(P0.01)。治疗后1、3、5、7、14 d,2组NIHSS评分依次降低(P0.01);治疗组治疗后各时间点NIHSS评分显著低于对照组(P0.01)。结论尤瑞克林联合曲克芦丁脑蛋白水解物能有效改善急性脑梗死患者的凝血功能和神经功能。