MPO和NAT2基因多态性与成人急性白血病易感性

目的研究髓过氧化物酶（MPO）和N-乙酰基转移酶2（NAT2）基因多态性与成人急性白血病易感性的关系.方法用1∶1配对病例-对照研究方法,收集成人急性白血病患者和对照各139例,应用聚合酶链-内切酶片段（PCR-RFLP）方法分析病例组和对照组MPO和NAT2的基因多态性,比较不同基因型与成人急性白血病易感性.结果 MPO-463A等位基因分布频率病例组低于对照组,MPO（G-463A）各基因型在病例组与对照组中的分布差异有统计学意义（χ^2=7.026,P〈0.05,OR=0.505,95%CI=0.325～0.847）.NAT2乙酰化表型频率在病例组与对照组的分布差异无统计学意义（χ^2=2.260,P〉0.05）;但NAT2＊5 481T等位基因和NAT2＊6 590A等位基因分布频率病例组高于对照组（P〈0.05）.结论 MPO与成人急性白血病易感性相关,携带MPO（G-463A）突变基因型（GA/AA）个体可降低白血病的发病风险;NAT2乙酰化表型可能与白血病的易感性无关,但NAT2＊5（C481T）、NAT2＊6（G590A）单核苷酸突变频率病例组明显高于对照组.     

腹内高压对门静脉压、中心静脉压影响的实验研究

目的研究腹内压升高对大鼠中心静脉压和门静脉压的影响。方法将20只成年雄性SD大鼠分别通过颈静脉插管、穿刺门静脉主干法来测定中心静脉压和门静脉压，运用氮气气腹法制作大鼠腹内高压动物模型。建立气腹后分别在0、5、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45mmHg压力值下测得中心静脉压和门静脉压。结果中心静脉压和腹内压之间的直线回归方程为Y=2．824＋0．045X，相关系数r=0．984（P〈0．01）；门静脉压和腹内压之间的直线回归方程为Y=8．887＋0．939X，相关系数r=0．998（P〈0．01）。结论腹内压与中心静脉压和门静脉压有很好的相关性，可以根据腹内压监测中心静脉压和门静脉压的变化。     

三维骨建模在全膝关节置换术中韧带平衡的作用

目的探讨以三维骨建模为基础、无需影像的计算机辅助系统在人工全膝关节置换术(totalknee arthroplasty,TKA)中韧带平衡的作用。方法2002年11月～2003年6月,采用后稳定型人工全膝关节,在Ceravision无需影像资料的三维骨建模系统导航监控下,辅助完成TKA21例。男5例,女16例,年龄64～79岁,平均72.4岁。其中2例既往行胫骨近端截骨术,1例行股骨远端截骨术。14例膝内翻,7例膝外翻。术前下肢全长X线正位片测量,内翻13°～外翻13°,平均2.36°;膝关节X线正位片测量,应力下内翻平均8.47°(内翻2°～内翻20°),应力下外翻平均3.63°(内翻7°～外翻12°)。结果术中导航系统测量,额面内翻12°～外翻10°,平均3.33°,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);额面应力下内翻平均6.47°(内翻0°～内翻24°),应力下外翻平均4.32°(内翻8°～外翻15°),与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术毕导航系统测得膝内外翻平均0.175°(内翻2°～外翻3°),而术后下肢全长X线正位片测量平均0.3°(内翻3.5°～外翻1.5°),二者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3个月关节活动度为105～130°,平均115°,膝关节额面松弛度0.2～0.5cm,平均0.27cm。人工膝关节胫、股骨假体取得满意的对位置入和韧带平衡,无关节失稳和髌骨脱位等并发症发生。结论以三维骨建模为基础、无需影像的Ceravision系统,具有三维立体定位、优化截骨,并通过旋转对位和韧带松解获得伸屈膝关节等距间隙与韧带平衡稳定的作用,近期临床疗效满意,可在TKA中常规使用。     

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system: MRI features and clinical presentation

We report the MRI features in a series of four patients with primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS). Based on MRI features, clinical presentation, paraclinical investigations and laboratory tests, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, various differentials were considered. In two patients with MRI findings of cortical, subcortical and deep white matter lesions, lack of mass effect, focal areas of bleed and heterogeneous parenchymal, leptomeningeal or pial enhancement and a normal magnetic resonance angiography, a differential diagnosis of primary angiitis of the CNS was also considered. In all patients, an open brain biopsy was advised to establish a definitive diagnosis of PACNS. Here, we briefly discuss the MRI features, correlation with clinical presentation and paraclinical parameters for the diagnosis of this entity. We also briefly review the literature.     

小型移动数字成像系统下行经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术

目的 :探讨移动数字成像系统GE OECSeries 980 0进行经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术 (PTCA)的可行性和安全性。方法 :回顾分析 32例应用GE OECSeries 980 0X线机进行PTCA治疗冠心病的临床资料。结果 :①本组病例成功率为 90 6 % (2 9/ 32 ) ,血管成功率为 88 1% (37/ 4 2 ) ,病变成功率 83% (39/ 4 7)。成功病例狭窄由术前目测平均直径狭窄(92 8± 3 5 ) %减少到术后的 (6 5± 4 2 ) %。②AMI溶栓后补救性PTCA成功率高。结论 :应用GE OECSeries 980 0X线机能够满足心血管病区心脏介入治疗的需要 ,是安全可行的和具有良好的成本 效益比     

Freezing of gait in postmortem-confirmed atypical parkinsonism.

The frequency and pathophysiology of freezing of gait (FoG) in atypical parkinsonism is unknown. We analysed the frequency of FoG in postmortem-confirmed atypical parkinsonian disorders (APD) comprising corticobasal degeneration (CBD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Sixty-six patients with pathologically confirmed APD (CBD, n = 13; DLB, n = 14; MSA, n = 15; PSP, n = 24) formed the basis for a multicenter clinicopathological study. Clinical features at first and last clinical visit were abstracted from patient records on standardized forms following strict instructions. At the first visit (median 36 months after symptom onset), 24% of APD had FoG (CBD, 8%; DLB, 21%; PSP, 25%; MSA, 40%). Logistic regression analysis showed a significant association of FoG and urinary incontinence (P = 0.04) at first visit. At last visit, 47% of APD had FoG (CBD, 25%; PSP, 53%; DLB, 54%; MSA, 54%). Clinicopathological correlation based on routine postmortem examination failed to identify a consistent neuropathological substrate of FoG. This study demonstrates that (1) FoG is common in APD, and (2) urinary incontinence is significantly associated with FoG in these disorders. Whether FoG and urinary incontinence share similar neuropathological substrates remains to be determined by future studies.     

百年乐与人参黄芪合剂对心血管系统的药理作用比较

百年乐和人参黄芪合剂对心血管系统的作用研究表明:百年乐能加速小鼠肠系膜微循环障碍的恢复,增加离体兔耳血管的流量,使主动脉平滑肌松弛,对抗心肌缺氧,抑制血栓形成,其作用强于人参黄芪合剂。     

Successful choledochojejunostomy for choledochal stricture with preservation of the collateral parabiliary venous system following iatrogenic portal occlusion

We surgically treated a patient with biliary stricture and portal vein occlusion, after operation for gastric cancer with lymphadenectomy along the hepatoduodenal ligament, that had led to choledochal stone formation and a dilatated parabiliary venous system. A 57-year-old man without hepatic dysfunction exhibited hepatic duct dilatation with choledochal stone on ultrasonography and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, respectively. Pharmacoportography revealed occlusion of the portal vein and dilatation of the parabiliary venous system. Of various preoperative imaging studies used, enhanced computed tomography was most useful for delineating the surgical anatomy of the hepatoduodenal ligament. Complete preservation of the dilatated vessels, which functioned as the main portal collateral pathway, resulted in a successful choledocho-jejunostomy, with an uneventful postoperative course.     

Discrete time optimal control of linear time-delay systems

A discrete time optimal control for linear time-delay systems is developed to ensure that all closed-loop eigenvalues will lie inside a circular region centred at (β;, 0) with radius α. It is shown that by suitable manipulations the problem can be reduced to a standard discrete time quadratic regulator problem. An illustrative example is included to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method.