Hepatitis C associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome

ABSTRACT— Hepatitis C is frequently associated with immune-mediated diseases, such as cryoglobulinemia. Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute demyelinating neuropathy of probable immune pathogenesis. We describe two patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome, and associated chronic hepatitis C, the second one previously treated with interferon. The link between both conditions may be hepatitis C being the trigger of this immune polyneuropathy. Guillain-Barré syndrome should be added to the list of conditions associated with hepatitis C.     

HLA-A9 antibodies and epitopes

Fifty pregnancy alloantisera directed towards HLA-A23 and/or A24 antigens were investigated serologically in titration studies against the three sequenced HLA-A9 specificities, A23 (A*2301), A24 (A*2402) and A2403 (A*2403). The reaction patterns of the antisera fell into five categories which allowed the three HLA-A9 specificities to be easily differentiated. Based on the various titre cytotoxicity scores of the antisera five possible antibody specificities were defined: anti-A23; -A24; -A23/24; -A24/2403 and anti-A23/24/2403. One antiserum crossreacted with HLA-A1 and A24. Inspection of the amino acid sequences of 136 HLA-A, B and C molecules allowed the prediction of five unique epitopes corresponding to these antibody specificities, a possible epitope unique to A2403 and confirmation of a likely epitope shared by A1 and A24. These, together with the previously suggested epitopes HLA-A9/ A2/A28 and A1/A23/A24 together with the presence of Bw4 on the three HLA-A9 antigens suggests that the HLA-A9 family of antigens is characterized by a minimum of nine serologically definable epitopes.     

急性病毒性肝炎住院患者血清学分型与流行病学分布研究

本文收集了西安市住院急性病毒性肝炎患者血清标本２９３份，用ＥＬＩＳＡ进行分型检测，并作流行病学调查。结果发现：甲肝占６５．１９％，乙肝占１０．９２％，丙肝占４．７８％，丁肝占３．７５％，戊肝占４．４４％，诊断不明者占１０．９２％。结果表明，在西安市住院的急性病毒性肝炎中，甲肝为主要类型；与以往结果比较，甲肝患者的发病年龄明显后移；除乙肝外，各型肝炎中男性均多于女性，尤以丁肝和戊肝为著；甲肝有明显的     

Bcl-2和Caspase-9对儿童癫痫持续状态近期预后的预测价值

目的探讨血清B细胞淋巴瘤相关蛋白-2(Bcl-2)和半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-9(Caspase-9)对儿童癫痫持续状态(SE)近期预后的预测价值。 方法选择SE患儿62例为SE组,选择同期体检健康儿童62例为对照组;按照预后将SE患儿分为预后不良组和预后良好组。癫痫持续状态严重程度量表(STESS)评估SE患儿SE严重程度。ELISA检测各组血清Bcl-2和Caspase-9水平。结果SE组Bcl-2和Caspase-9水平高于对照组(P＜0.05)。预后不良组和预后良好组STESS评分、Bcl-2和Caspase-9水平比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.05)。STESS评分、Bcl-2和Caspase-9是影响SE患儿近期预后的独立影响因素(P＜0.05);入院血清Bcl-2和Caspase-9联合检测对SE患者近期预后具有较好的预测效能(P＜0.05)。 结论血清Bcl-2和Caspase-9是SE患儿近期预后的有效预测指标。     

SNHG6靶向miR-101/TGFBR1促进AMI小鼠左心室心肌纤维化

目的探讨SNHG6对急性心肌梗死(AMI)小鼠左心室心肌的影响。 方法将30只雄性C57/BL6小鼠构建成AMI小鼠后随机均分为AMI组、AMI+SNHG6组、AMI+miR-101-3p组、AMI+SNHG6+miR-101-3p组、AMI+miR-101-3p+TGFBR1组,另设正常小鼠6只为假手术组。qRT-PCR检测AMI小鼠SNHG6、miR-101-3p表达水平。心脏彩超检测各组小鼠左室射血分数(LVEF);马松和天狼星红染色法以及免疫组化分析各组小鼠左心室心肌纤维化变化。将H9C2细胞株分为阴性对照组(转染空质粒)、SNHG6组(转染质粒SNHG6)、miR-101-3p组(转染质粒miR-101-3p)。Western blotting检测各组TGFBR1蛋白表达;采用双荧光素酶报告基因法预测并验证SNHG6/miR-101-3p/TGFBR1荧光素酶活性及调控机制。 结果AMI小鼠较假手术组SNHG6表达显著增加,miR-101-3p降低(P＜0.05)。与AMI组比较,AMI+SNHG6组小鼠LVEF降低,心肌纤维化程度加重(P＜0.05);AMI+miR-101-3p组LVEF升高,心肌纤维化程度减轻(P＜0.05)。AMI+SNHG6+miR-101-3p组较AMI+SNHG6组LVEF升高、心肌纤维化程度减轻(P＜0.05),而AMI+miR-101-3p+TGFBR1组较AMI+miR-101-3p组LVEF降低、心肌纤维化程度加重(P＜0.05)。双荧光素酶报告基因法验证显示,miR-101-3p组SNHG6、TGFBR1野生型质粒的荧光素酶活性较阴性对照组明显降低(P＜0.05)。 结论SNHG6抑制miR-101-3p上调TGFBR1加重AMI小鼠左心室心肌纤维化。     

Diffuse type of senile plaques in the cerebellum of Alzheimer-type dementia demonstrated byβ protein immunostain

Summary We studied senile plaques (SP) in the cerebella of six autopsied subjects with Alzheimer-type dementia (ATD) and ten non-ATD autopsied subjects between the ages of 78 and 90. Neither SP nor amyloid angiopathy (AA) was observed in any of the non-ATD subjects. In the four of the six ATD subjects, diffuse plaques in the molecular layer were seen as ill-defined areas of fine fibrillar materials by protein immunostaining with formic acid pretreatment, the modified Bielschowsky stain, and periodic acid-methenamine silver (PAM) stain. The plaques were not visible with Bodian, Congo red, or periodic acid-Schiff stains. Compact plaques in the Purkinje cell or in the granular cell layers were found in three of the six subjects. Their amyloid core was often surrounded by areolar amyloid deposits. AA was observed in three of the six subjects. The argyrophilia of the diffuse and compact plaques, demonstrated by the modified Bielschowsky and PAM stains, became undetectable when the sections were first treated with formic acid. Such treatment made the plaques immunoreactive with protein antiserum. The findings suggested that cerebellar diffuse plaques and compact plaques consist mainly of an amyloid component, and are characteristic of ATD.     

壬苯醇醚避孕药膜的临床研究

894对健康、已育的育龄夫妇,随机分两组:447对使用壬苯醇醚方型膜,447对使用帽型膜,经两年连续观察。按生命表统计法处理数据。总使用妇女月,方型组9601,帽型组9382,随访率100%。累计停用率、妊娠率和续用率,方型组分别为16.8%、15.3%和83.2%,帽型组为18.4%、15.6%和81.6%,两组无显著差异(p>0.05)。临床和实验室资料表明壬苯醇醚药膜是安全、有效、简便、易于推广的避孕药具之一。     

Characterization of NK cells and extrathymic T cells generated in the liver of irradiated mice with a liver shield

We previously reported that c-kit⁺ stem cells which give rise to extrathymic T cells are present in the liver of adult mice. Further characterization of extrathymic T cells in the liver of adult mice is conducted here. When mice with a liver shield were lethally (9.5 Gy) irradiated, all mice survived. All tested organs showed a distribution pattern of hepatic lymphocytes on day 7. The distribution pattern in the liver was characterized by an abundance of NK (CD3^? IL-2Rβ⁺) and extrathymic T cells (CD3^int IL-2Rβ⁺) before and after irradiation. To determine their function, post-irradiation allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was performed in mice with or without a liver shield. Allogeneic BM cells were rejected in mice with a liver shield and specific activation of CD8⁺ CD3^int IL-2Rβ⁺ cells was induced. At that time, potent cytotoxicity of liver mononuclear cells (MNC) against allogeneic thymocytes was induced. Both NK1.1⁺ and NK1.1^? subsets of CD3^int cells expanded in these mice. An in vivo elimination experiment of the subsets indicated that the NK1.1⁺ subset of CD3^int cells (i.e. NK T cells) was much more associated with the rejection of allogeneic BM cells. However, even after the elimination of NK T cells, allogeneic BM cells were rejected. In this case, granulocytes expanded in parallel with NK1.1^? subsets. Granulocytes may also be associated with the rejection of allogeneic BM cells. These results suggest that the liver is an important haematopoietic organ even in adult life.     

Biosynthetic and regulatory role of lys9 mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Summary Derepression of lysine biosynthetic enzymes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated in lys9 auxotrophs which lack saccharopine reductase activity. Five enzymes (homocitrate synthase, homoisocitrate dehydrogenase, -aminoadipate aminotransferase, -aminoadipate reductase and saccharopine dehydrogenase) were constitutively derepressed in all lys9 mutants with up to eight-fold higher enzyme levels than in isogenic wild-type cells. Levels of these enzymes in lys2, lys14, and lys15 S mutants were the same or lower than those in wild-type cells. The regulatory property of lys9 mutants exhibited recessiveness to the wild-type gene in heterozygous diploids. Unlike the mating type effect, homozygous diploids resulting from crosses between lys9 auxotrophs exhibited even higher levels of derepressed enzymes than the haploid mutants. Addition of a higher concentration of lysine to the growth medium resulted in reduction of enzyme levels although they were still derepressed. These results suggest that lys9 mutants represent a lesion for the saccharopine reductase and may represent a repressor mutation which in the wild-type cells simultaneously represses unlinked structural genes that encode for five of the lysine biosynthetic enzymes.     

Simultaneous detection of fluorescent in situ hybridization and in vivo incorporated BrdU in a human bladder tumour

We have used fluorescent in situ hybridization and simultaneous in vivo bromodeoxyuridine labelling of a solid bladder cancer to examine tumour cell subsets for possible proliferative growth differences. In this dual-labelled preparation, most tumour cell nuclei exhibited monosomy 9, consistent with reported karyotypes of bladder cancer. Incorporated bromodeoxyuridine was visualized with a fluoresceinated antibody in 5-6 per cent of the tumour cells, concordant with S-phase estimates by cell cycle analysis of the flow cytometric DNA histogram. A majority of the bromodeoxyuridine-positive cells also carried the monosomy 9 chromosome abnormality. This is the first report to demonstrate the feasibility of combined in situ hybridization and detection of bromodeoxyuridine incorporated in vivo in human tumour cells in order to provide information on the growth rate of specific subsets of tumour cells identified by chromosomal constitution.