Cobe Spectra与Fenwal CS 3000 Plus血细胞分离器外周血造血干/祖细胞的采集效能比较

为了评价Cobe Spectra(Version6.1)和Fenwal CS 3000 Plus两种血细胞分离机在造血干／祖细胞采集中的采集效能，对36人64次外周血造血干／祖细胞的采集进行了回顾性分析．20人42次使用Cobe Spectra采集，16人22次使用Fenwal CS 3000 Plus采集对CD34^ 细胞采集量、采集效率以及红细胞与血小板的采集量进行比较，结果表明：Cobe Spectra和Fenwal CS 3000 Plus在CD34^ 细胞采集量和采集效率上无显著差异?CD34^ 细胞采集量与供者白细胞、单核细胞、造血祖细胞、CD34^ 细胞的动员情况呈正相关，在多因素stepwise线性回归模型中，采集前外周血干／祖细胞浓度是唯一有意义的影响因素，Fenwal CS 3000 Plus的采集效率与外周血单核细胞量呈负相关。Fenwal CS 3000 Plus对红细胞的收集量显著高于Cobe Spectra，并且采集后供者外周血血小板降低程度较Cobe Spectra更严重。结论：Cobe Spectra(Version 6．1)和Fenwal CS 3000 Plus在CD34^ 细胞的采集能力上无显著差别。当外周血单核细胞数量高，或是血型不合移植的及血小板减少的供者，推荐使用Cobe Spectra血细胞分离机.     

7种抗菌药物对临床常见致病菌抗菌活性的比较

 采取琼脂平析稀释法测定了泰宁（ｉｍｉｐｅｎｅｍ／ｃｉｌａｓｔａｉｎ）等７种抗菌药物对２１５株临床常见致病菌的最低抑菌浓度（ＭＩＣ），并统计了敏感率。结果表明７种抗菌药物对大多数受试菌均显示了较高的抗菌活性，其中泰宁的抗菌活性最强，金黄色葡萄球菌、变形杆菌属、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷白菌对泰宁的敏感率达９７．６％～１００．０％；而１７．０２％的绿脓假单胞菌对泰宁耐药；有２～６株绿脓假单胞菌和１株肺炎克雷白菌对泰宁和其它抗菌药物呈现部分交叉耐药性。而环丙沙星与其它抗菌药物对不同受试菌呈现２．３８％～１９．０５％的交叉耐药率。该结果提示对其它β－内酰胺类抗菌药物耐药的致病菌引起的严重感染，可考虑选用泰宁。     

Toxic effects of copper-based antineoplastic drugs (Casiopeinas) on mitochondrial functions

To elucidate some of the subcellular and biochemical mechanisms of toxicity of metal-based antineoplastic drugs, mitochondria and cells were exposed to Casiopeinas), a new class of copper-based compounds with high antineoplastic activity. The rates of respiration and swelling, the H(+) gradient, and the activities of succinate (SDH) and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenases (2-OGDH) and ATPase were measured in mitochondria isolated from rat liver, kidney, heart, and hepatoma AS-30D. Also, oligomycin-sensitive respiration and ATP content in hepatoma AS-30D cells were determined. Casiopeinas) (CS) II-gly and III-i inhibited the rates of state 3 and uncoupled respiration in mitochondria. CS II was 10 times more potent than CS III. The sensitivity to CS II was 4-5-fold higher in mitochondria incubated with 2-OG than with succinate. Thus, at low concentrations (< or =10 nmol (mg protein)(-1); 10 microM), CS II disturbed mitochondrial functions only when 2-OG was present, due to a specific inhibition of 2-OGDH. At high concentrations (> or =15nmol (mg protein)(-1)), CS II-induced stimulation of basal respiration, followed by a strong inhibition, which correlated with K(+)-dependent swelling and cytochrome c release, respectively; K(+)-channel openers induce a similar mitochondrial response. Mitochondria from liver, kidney and hepatoma showed a similar sensitivity towards CS II, whereas heart mitochondria were more resistant. Oxidative phosphorylation and ATP content were also decreased in tumor cells by CS II. The data suggested that CS affected several different mitochondrial sites, bringing about inhibition of respiration and ATP synthesis, which could compromise energy-dependent processes such as cellular duplication.     

屈光参差性弱视与斜视性弱视的电生理研究

目的 分析屈光参差性弱视和斜视性弱视的视觉诱发电位（VEP）与对比敏感度（CS）的特征性变化，并探讨2 种弱视不同的致病机制。方法 采用德国罗兰公司RETI scan 3.15 系统对20 例屈光参差性弱视、9 例斜视性弱视和18 例非弱视性儿童的双眼行VEP 和CS 检查，进行弱视眼、对侧眼及非弱视眼之间的对比研究。结果 与对侧眼或非弱视眼相比，屈光参差性弱视眼在高空间频率条件下潜时延长，而斜视性弱视眼在全空间频率条件下潜时延长。2 种弱视眼的振幅在低频时均下降。屈光参差性弱视对侧眼与非弱视眼比较差异无统计学意义（p >0.05），而斜视性弱视对侧眼的潜时在低频下较非弱视眼延长，差异有统计学意义（p <0.05）。屈光参差性弱视眼和对侧眼的CS 与非弱视眼比较差异无统计学意义（p >0.05）。斜视性弱视眼表现为全空间频率上的CS 下降，差异有统计学意义（p <0.05），其对侧眼的CS 则优于非弱视眼。结论 本研究结果支持斜视性弱视与屈光参差性弱视拥有不同神经机制的观点。斜视性弱视的对侧眼并非“健眼”。VEP 与CS 检查对弱视诊断具有临床意义。     

Genetic diversity and forensic parameters of autosomal STR markers included PowerPlex® CS7 panel in the general population of the Russian Federation

PowerPlex® CS7 multiplex is commonly used as a source of supplementary markers in parentage and kinship studies. We analysed a total of 687 unrelated individuals from 94 geographically different localities across all Federal Districts of the Russian Federation and provide forensically important parameters and allele frequencies. The paper also presents results of an intra-population genetic diversity study between the populations of the Federal Districts and comparison with populations from various regions of the world.