彩色多普勒超声对医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤的临床应用

目的：探讨彩色多普勒超声对医源性股动脉假性动脉瘤的诊断及治疗价值。方法对22例经皮股动脉穿刺介入术后触及搏动性肿块的患者采用二维超声、彩色多普勒超声、频谱多普勒超声检查,对声像图进行总结分析,在超声引导下压迫及注射治疗。结果本组22例假性动脉瘤彩色多普勒超声诊断与临床符合率100%（22/22）,18例经超声引导下压迫治疗后瘤腔闭合,3例经瘤腔内注射凝血酶治疗取得满意疗效,总治愈率95%（21/22）,1例行外科手术治疗。结论彩色多普勒超声是医源性假性动脉瘤首选的诊断及治疗方法。     

外伤性脾破裂保脾手术32例体会

目的　总结外伤性脾破裂 32例保脾手术的经验。方法　对我院 1990年～ 2 0 0 0年外伤性脾破裂 32例的资料进行回顾性分析。结果　单纯脾修补术 12例 ,不规则脾部分切除术 16例 ,规则性脾部分切除术 4例 ,均获得成功。结论　保脾应遵循“抢救生命第一 ,保留脾脏第二”的原则 ,对无合并伤的Ⅲ级以内的脾破裂行选择性保脾手术是可以达到临床治愈的。     

高频超声应用在手部肌腱断裂缝合术中的作用

目的：探讨高频超声在手部肌腱断裂缝合术中的应用价值。方法选择2009年3月~2013年6月在东阳市横店集团医院手外科就诊并术前进行超声定位的98例手部肌腱断裂患者为实验组,2014年1~6月就诊未行超声定位的48例患者为对照组,分别记录两组患者手术时间,术后高频超声探查肌腱修复效果和评估术后手指康复情况,并进行统计分析。结果两组最终完成全部超声监测检查的为实验组76例、对照组40例。实验组平均手术时间明显少于对照组[(30±20)min比(60±30)min],差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01);实验组术后腱性连接率高于对照组[(72.4豫,55/76)比(52.5豫,21/40)],实验组瘢痕形成率低于对照组[(27.6%,21/76)比(47.5%,19/40)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组TAM手部功能康复评估良好率高于对照组[(86.8%,66/76)比(67.5%,27/40)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用高频超声可明显降低手术时间和术后瘢痕连接,术后高频超声持续监测肌腱修复水平可明显提高术后手部功能康复。     

初产妇足月妊娠胎膜早破胎头高浮对分娩方式的影响及处理方法

目的 探讨初产妇足月妊娠胎膜早破胎头高浮对分娩方式的影响及处理方法.方法 选取2011年1月～2013年1月在我院住院分娩与治疗的214例初产足月妊娠胎膜早破胎头高浮且无其他任何相关性疾病的患者作为研究组,再选取同期214例初产足月妊娠胎膜早破胎头入盆且无其他任何相关性疾病的患者作为对照组,记录两组患者的分娩方式、潜伏期及活跃期,对产后新生儿进行Apgar评分和体质检测,对数据进行分析.结果 两组患者在潜伏期低于8小时、8～16小时之间及活跃期低于4小时的人数比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）;两组患者阴道正常顺产和剖宫助产的人数对比,差异均具有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）;两组胎儿宫内窘迫例数、新生儿Apgar评分＜7分例数以及新生儿平均体重比较,差异均具有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）.结论 胎膜早破后胎头高浮极易引起难产且严重危害围产儿体质,产科医护人员需要重视胎膜早破胎头高浮孕妇的临床观察,加强孕妇的孕期保健,产前严密观察孕妇头盆关系,严格试产.     

Abdominal apoplexy: A rare case of spontaneous rupture of the superior mesenteric artery in a hypertensive patient

INTRODUCTIONSpontaneous rupture of an intra-abdominal visceral artery is an exceptionally rare and potentially fatal cause of abdominal apoplexy.PRESENTATION OF CASEWe present a case of a 54-year-old hypertensive male who developed hypovolemic shock in our Emergency Department after presenting with abrupt onset of abdominal pain and diarrhea. Intra-operative findings revealed rupture of the superior mesenteric artery with massive hemoperitoneum. The bleeding vessel was ligated and the patient made a full recovery after 3 weeks in the Intensive Care Unit.DISCUSSIONHigh index of suspicion is necessary for early preoperative diagnosis and must be considered in any patient with a history of hypertension presenting with abrupt abdominal pain, signs of peritoneal irritation and unexplained hypovolemic shock. Immediate resuscitation and prompt surgical control of bleeding is paramount in patient prognosis.CONCLUSIONThe seemingly unpredictable nature of abdominal apoplexy must be noted, a precipitating cause in most cases is untraceable and early diagnosis relies solely on awareness of the condition.     

超声引导下压迫修复法与凝血酶注射法治疗假性动脉瘤的对比研究

目的 对比研究超声引导下压迫修复法(UGCR)与凝血酶注射法(UGTI)治疗假性动脉瘤的临床价值.方法 回顾性研究利用UGCR和UGTI治疗股动脉假性动脉瘤的患者共63例,观察治疗成功时间和注射凝血酶的剂量.结果 38例行UGCR,治疗成功31例,治愈率81.5%;治疗时间8～120min,平均47min;25例患者行UGTI,瘤内血栓形成迅速,凝血酶用量为80～690 U,平均260 U;治疗时间为20～30 min,治愈率100%.结论 UGTI较UCCR治疗假性动脉瘤操作简便、临床效果可靠、并发症少、复发率低及患者痛苦少等优点,易于推广.     

Blunt chest trauma and suspected aortic rupture: reliability of chest radiograph findings

The chest radiographs of 86 patients with suspected aortic rupture from blunt chest trauma were reviewed. Seventy-three patients had no evidence of aortic rupture on aortography or surgical exploration, and 13 patients had surgically confirmed rupture. Sixteen radiographic findings were analyzed for sensitivity and specificity in detecting aortic rupture. The following findings were not statistically significant: hemothorax on either side; rib fractures on either side; pneumothorax on either side; lung contusion; widened left paravertebral stripe; and widening of the mediastinum, along with an increased ratio of mediastinal width to chest width. The most helpful findings leading to suspicion of aortic rupture included nasogastric tube or tracheal deviation to the right at the T4 level; depression of the left mainstem bronchus; and loss of the aortic contour or knob and left apical cap. False positives and false negatives occurred with each radiographic sign, indicating that there is no single finding that is absolutely reliable in predicting or excluding significant injury in every patient with suspected aortic rupture. Analysis of combinations of findings found that when the aortic contour and knob are normal and the nasogastric tube and trachea are not deviated, there was no case of aortic rupture in four consecutive years of experience. These four signs can be used to exclude aortic rupture.     

脾动脉栓塞的临床应用

本文采用经皮导管脾动脉部分栓塞的方法，对门脉高压并脾亢、原发性血小板减少性紫癜、溶血性贫血及外伤性脾破裂进行了栓塞治疗（３１例３３次栓塞），取得了良好效果。并发症为１６．１％，死亡率为３．３％，均较国内（３０％与２０％）国外（２１％与１５．８％）同类水平为低。该方法扩大了栓塞治疗的应用范围，达到了内科久治不愈，病情难以控制，需要外科切脾的目的，既保证了人体解剖的完整性，又保留了脾的免疫功能，具有肯定的临床应用价值。