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81.
线栓法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤模型的改进 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的 研究一种稳定、简便的大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤模型制作方法。方法 采用健康SD雄性大鼠,线栓法制作局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤模型.结扎颈总动脉(CCA)及颈外动脉(ECA),不结扎翼腭动脉,用5.0头皮针于CCA结扎的远端刺一小口插入栓塞线造成缺血,拔出线栓形成再灌注。通过神经功能缺损评分、红四氮唑(TTC)染色和病理学检查等方法评价该模型的可靠性。结果动物麻醉后一般只需15min左右即可完成手术,术后大鼠神经功能缺损明显,TTC染色示脑梗塞区苍白,病理学检查显示典型病理表现。结论该方法缺血效果明确可靠,术式简便,手术时间短,不需具备显微手术操作技巧,是一种理想的制作局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤模型的方法。 相似文献
82.
Profound reductions in cortical acetylcholine levels together with degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain have been reported in patients with Alzheimer's disease. A similar loss of the cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain and impairment of learning and memory occur in animals injected with a nerve growth factor-diphtheria toxin conjugate, suggesting that this animal model is suitable to analyze cholinergic roles on learning and memory processes, and also the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, animal models constructed by electrolytic or neurotoxic lesioning of the basal magnocellular nucleus, and models made by transgenetic technology were described. 相似文献
83.
84.
栓线法大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型的研究 总被引:29,自引:0,他引:29
采用颈部旁侧手术入路,结扎右侧颈总动脉、颈外动脉及其分支后颈内动脉栓线法制作大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞再灌流损伤模型。闭塞成功率94.1%,动物偏瘫症状评分在缺血2h再灌流3d后趋于稳定,病理改变以尾壳核损害最重。再灌流7d脑梗塞体积为97.8±9.4mm3,动物死亡率59.4%。缺血2h后再灌流先出现过渡灌注,而后呈持续性低灌注。本文模型勿需开颅,缺血效果可靠,对局灶性脑缺血的研究具有实用价值。 相似文献
85.
F. F. Madsen 《Acta neurochirurgica》1990,106(3-4):164-169
Summary Changes in regional cerebral blood flow in anaesthetized pigs with an induced focal cerebral contusion were studied before and after two grades of hyperventilation. A reduction in arterial tension of CO2 with 0.70mmHg and a further reduction of 0.55mmHg did not change the CO2 reactivity. Reactivity in both injured and macroscopically normal regions was the same, revealing an average of 39.3% flow change per kPa change in CO2 tension. Regions with low flow after the contusion had an equally big reduction apparently leading to hypoxia because global metabolic rate was unchanged. 相似文献
86.
Purpose. Flexible parametric models describing the input process after extravascular drug administration are needed for the assessment of absorption rate and the use of population methods in bioavailability and bioequivalence studies.
Methods. The oral concentration-time curve modeled as the product of the input and disposition function in the Laplace domain was obtained by numerical inversion methods for parameter estimation. The utility of the inverse Gaussian input density was examined using bioavailability data of an extended-release dosage form. Measures of rate of absorption and the cumulative absorbed amount profile were defined in terms of the estimated model parameters.
Results. Accurate estimation of absorption parameters was achieved by simultaneous fitting of the extravascular and intravascular data (describing the latter by a triexponential function). The new input function allowed a direct estimation of both extent of absorption and mean absorption time.
Conclusions. The findings suggest that the inverse Gaussian density is a useful input function. Its flexibility may reduce the effect of model misspecification in parameter estimation. All parameters can be readily interpreted in terms of the absorption process. 相似文献
87.
为了识别在不同思维状态下的自发脑电(EEG)信号,本文用6阶自回归(AR)模型表示EEG信号,用学习矢量量化(LVQ)神经网络作分类器,分别用LVQl和LVQ2.1算法对网络进行训练,并对分类结果进行测试,比较了网络选择不同参数时对分类正确率的影响。研究表明:竞争层神经元数目直接影响了正确率,当选择最佳参数值时分类正确率为62%-83%,因人而异。 相似文献
88.
V. G. Teplyakov R. I. Kaem B. V. Vtyurin N. D. Skuba N. V. Panova I. S. Bogatova 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1991,111(3):355-358
Department of Pathological Anatomy, Clinical-Biological Laboratory, and Laboratory of Immunology, Bacteriology, and Clinical Pharmacology, A. V. Vishnevskii Institute of Surgery, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR D. S. Sarkisov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 111, No. 3, pp. 285–287, March, 1991. 相似文献
89.
Precision of three-dimensional CT-assisted model production in the maxillofacial area 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P. Solar C. Ulm W. Lill H. Imhof G. Watzek R. Blahout H. Gruber M. Matejka 《European radiology》1992,2(5):473-477
Individual skull model fabrication was introduced into preoperative diagnostics in maxillofacial surgery in the mid-1980s. The aim of the present study was to collect information on the reproducibility of a skull model milled from hardened polyurethane foam. This model was based on the CT data of a real skull. Twenty comparative studies were carried out on both the model and the original skull, the model showing an average inaccuracy of 1.6 mm. The deviations ranged between 0.0 and 3.6 mm; the general trend favouring enlargements. The total deviation of the model as compared to the original skull was 1.8%. A convincing aspect of the model, which cannot be obtained by any other method, is its plasticity and the possibility of 3 D orientation on a lifesize model. This new method is already used in preoperative planning of corrections of post-traumatic defects and craniofacial deformities as well as in tumour surgery.
Correspondence to: P. Solar 相似文献
90.
Piotr Kozlowski Alastair M. Buchan Ursula I. Tuor Dong Xue Zhi-Gao Huang Karen E. Chaundy John K. Saunders 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》1997,37(3):346-354
31P, 1H and lactate spectroscopic imaging was used to evaluate the effects of hypothermia on focal cerebral ischemia produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The effects on high energy phosphate metabolism, pH, lactate and NAA were investigated in 24 spontaneously hypertensive rats subjected to either permanent or transient ischemia. Under either normothermic (37.5°C) or hypothermic (32°C) conditions, with permanent 6-h occlusion, there was little difference between groups in either the NMR measurements or the volume of infarction. In animals that underwent 3 h of ischemia followed by 12 h of reperfusion, the ischemic changes in lactate, pH, NAA, and high-energy phosphate returned toward control values, and there was a protective effect of hypothermia (infarct volume of 211 ± 26 and 40 ± 14 mm3 in normothermic and hypothermic groups, respectively). Thus, hypothermia did not ameliorate the changes in lactate, pH, NAA, or high energy phosphate levels occurring during ischemia, however, during reperfusion there was an improvement in both the recovery of these metabolites and pathological outcome in hypothermic compared with normothermic animals. 相似文献