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121.
Profound reductions in cortical acetylcholine levels together with degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain have been reported in patients with Alzheimer's disease. A similar loss of the cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain and impairment of learning and memory occur in animals injected with a nerve growth factor-diphtheria toxin conjugate, suggesting that this animal model is suitable to analyze cholinergic roles on learning and memory processes, and also the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, animal models constructed by electrolytic or neurotoxic lesioning of the basal magnocellular nucleus, and models made by transgenetic technology were described. 相似文献
122.
123.
栓线法大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型的研究 总被引:29,自引:0,他引:29
采用颈部旁侧手术入路,结扎右侧颈总动脉、颈外动脉及其分支后颈内动脉栓线法制作大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞再灌流损伤模型。闭塞成功率94.1%,动物偏瘫症状评分在缺血2h再灌流3d后趋于稳定,病理改变以尾壳核损害最重。再灌流7d脑梗塞体积为97.8±9.4mm3,动物死亡率59.4%。缺血2h后再灌流先出现过渡灌注,而后呈持续性低灌注。本文模型勿需开颅,缺血效果可靠,对局灶性脑缺血的研究具有实用价值。 相似文献
124.
讨论了带随机输出噪声的线性时不变对象的参考模型自适应系统。提出一种适用于这种系统的混合自适应控制律,证明该系统所有信号的有界性,计算机仿真验证这种新的混合自适应控制律在存在随机输出噪声的系统中的性能。 相似文献
125.
Stability of the Defibrillation Probability Curve with the Development of Ventricular Dysfunction in the Canine Rapid Paced Model 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
PAUL A. FRIEDMAN DAVID A. FOLEY TIMOTHY F. CHRISTIAN MARSHALL S. STANTON 《Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE》1998,21(2):339-351
Most patients with implantable defibrillators have diminished cardiac function. Progressive heart failure might impair defibrillation efficacy, leading to interpreted device, failure. This study sought to determine the effect of ventricular dysfunction on defibrillation energy using a biphasic endocardial system. Eleven dogs were ventricularly paced at 225 pulses/min for 2 weeks to induce ventricular dysfunction, and five control dogs remained unpaced. Dose response defibrillation probability curves were generated for each animal at baseline, after 2 weeks (at which time the pacemakers were turned off in the paced group), and then 1 week later. The defibrillation thresholds, ED20 , ED50 , and ED80 (the 20%, 50%, and 80% effective defibrillation energies, respectively) were determined for each dog at each study. In the paced dogs, the mean ejection fraction fell from 55% to 25% after pacing (P < 0.0001), and rose to 46% after its discontinuation (P = 0.0002). The defibrillation threshold, ED20, ED50 , and ED80 remained unchanged in both the control and paced groups for all three studies, even after adjustment for dog weight or left ventricular mass. Rapid pacing produced no change in left ventricular mass. It induced ventricular cavity dilatation and wall thinning, which had opposing effects on defibrillation energy requirements, resulting in no net change of the ED50 in heart failure. In conclusion, the defibrillation efficacy of a biphasic transvenous system is not changed by the development of heart failure using the rapid paced canine model. 相似文献
126.
F. F. Madsen 《Acta neurochirurgica》1990,106(3-4):164-169
Summary Changes in regional cerebral blood flow in anaesthetized pigs with an induced focal cerebral contusion were studied before and after two grades of hyperventilation. A reduction in arterial tension of CO2 with 0.70mmHg and a further reduction of 0.55mmHg did not change the CO2 reactivity. Reactivity in both injured and macroscopically normal regions was the same, revealing an average of 39.3% flow change per kPa change in CO2 tension. Regions with low flow after the contusion had an equally big reduction apparently leading to hypoxia because global metabolic rate was unchanged. 相似文献
127.
Purpose. Flexible parametric models describing the input process after extravascular drug administration are needed for the assessment of absorption rate and the use of population methods in bioavailability and bioequivalence studies.
Methods. The oral concentration-time curve modeled as the product of the input and disposition function in the Laplace domain was obtained by numerical inversion methods for parameter estimation. The utility of the inverse Gaussian input density was examined using bioavailability data of an extended-release dosage form. Measures of rate of absorption and the cumulative absorbed amount profile were defined in terms of the estimated model parameters.
Results. Accurate estimation of absorption parameters was achieved by simultaneous fitting of the extravascular and intravascular data (describing the latter by a triexponential function). The new input function allowed a direct estimation of both extent of absorption and mean absorption time.
Conclusions. The findings suggest that the inverse Gaussian density is a useful input function. Its flexibility may reduce the effect of model misspecification in parameter estimation. All parameters can be readily interpreted in terms of the absorption process. 相似文献
128.
为了识别在不同思维状态下的自发脑电(EEG)信号,本文用6阶自回归(AR)模型表示EEG信号,用学习矢量量化(LVQ)神经网络作分类器,分别用LVQl和LVQ2.1算法对网络进行训练,并对分类结果进行测试,比较了网络选择不同参数时对分类正确率的影响。研究表明:竞争层神经元数目直接影响了正确率,当选择最佳参数值时分类正确率为62%-83%,因人而异。 相似文献
129.
V. G. Teplyakov R. I. Kaem B. V. Vtyurin N. D. Skuba N. V. Panova I. S. Bogatova 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1991,111(3):355-358
Department of Pathological Anatomy, Clinical-Biological Laboratory, and Laboratory of Immunology, Bacteriology, and Clinical Pharmacology, A. V. Vishnevskii Institute of Surgery, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR D. S. Sarkisov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 111, No. 3, pp. 285–287, March, 1991. 相似文献
130.
Precision of three-dimensional CT-assisted model production in the maxillofacial area 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P. Solar C. Ulm W. Lill H. Imhof G. Watzek R. Blahout H. Gruber M. Matejka 《European radiology》1992,2(5):473-477
Individual skull model fabrication was introduced into preoperative diagnostics in maxillofacial surgery in the mid-1980s. The aim of the present study was to collect information on the reproducibility of a skull model milled from hardened polyurethane foam. This model was based on the CT data of a real skull. Twenty comparative studies were carried out on both the model and the original skull, the model showing an average inaccuracy of 1.6 mm. The deviations ranged between 0.0 and 3.6 mm; the general trend favouring enlargements. The total deviation of the model as compared to the original skull was 1.8%. A convincing aspect of the model, which cannot be obtained by any other method, is its plasticity and the possibility of 3 D orientation on a lifesize model. This new method is already used in preoperative planning of corrections of post-traumatic defects and craniofacial deformities as well as in tumour surgery.
Correspondence to: P. Solar 相似文献