Joint capsule matrix turnover in a rabbit model of chronic joint contractures: Correlation with human contractures.

To evaluate changes in matrix molecules of the joint capsule, the right knees of 24 skeletally mature female NZW rabbits were immobilized while the contralateral limb served as an unoperated control. The immobilization was discontinued at 8 weeks and the rabbits were divided among four groups (n = 6) based on the number of weeks the right knees were remobilized: 0, 8, 16, or 32. Three rabbits (six knees) that did not have operations provided normal control joint capsules. The mRNA levels for collagen types I, II, and III, and MMP-1 and -13 were significantly increased in the joint capsules of the contracture knees in all groups when compared to normal and contralateral limb joint capsules. In contrast, the mRNA levels for TIMP-1, -2, and -3 were decreased in the joint capsules of the contracture knees in all groups when compared to normal and contralateral limb joint capsules. The mRNA levels for lumican and decorin were increased in the joint capsules of the contracture knees in all groups when compared to normal capsules. Many of the changes observed in this animal model are similar to those observed in human joint capsules from posttraumatic elbow contractures, supporting the value of this rabbit model.     

用AHP模型综合评估学生体质健康

目的：综合评价学生体质健康状况。方法：利用现代计算机技术提供的手段用AHP模型以人一机对话的方式对我国各省市学生体质与健康水平和学生体质状况进行了综合评估。结果：得到了学生体质健康排序权值。结论：这种方法具有定性分析与定量分析相结合的特点，能够充分考虑到人在体质与健康综合评估中的主观能动作用，是一种十分有效的评价方法。     

大鼠体外循环模型的建立与应用

由于操作简便、节省人力物力，大鼠体外循环模型的应用愈加广泛。大鼠在小型呼吸机辅助下，应用颈静脉插管入右心房引流血液至贮血瓶，在蠕动移液泵作用下，经膜式氧合器氧合、变温器变温，通过股动脉或尾动脉插管注入动脉系统，建立体外循环回路。有血预充、减少总预充量和维持足够的转流流量是建立大鼠体外循环模型的关键。     

Proteasome inhibitor model of Parkinson's disease in mice is confounded by neurotoxicity of the ethanol vehicle.

Defects in the ubiquitin-proteasome system have been implicated in Parkinson's Disease (PD). Recently, a rat model of PD was developed using a synthetic proteasome inhibitor (PSI), (Z-lle-Glu(OtBu)-Ala-Leu-al). We attempted to transfer this model to mouse studies, where genetics can be more readily investigated due to the availability of genetically modified mice. We treated C57BL/6 (B6) mice with six intraperitoneal injections of 6 mg/kg PSI in 50 mul of 70% ethanol over a 2-week-period. We found significant decreases in nigrostriatal dopamine in PSI-treated mice compared with saline-treated mice. However, we observed similar decreases in the ethanol-treated vehicle control group. Administration of ethanol alone led to significant long-term alterations in dopamine levels. Ethanol significantly eclipses the effects of PSI in the dopamine system, and therefore is a confounding vehicle for this model.     

青少年精神分裂症患者家庭因素的研究

目的:探讨青少年精神分裂症患者的发病和家庭因素的相关性.方法:采用父母养育方式评价量表(EMBU)及家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)对60名青少年精神分裂症患者进行测评并与60名健康青少年进行对照及相关分析.结果:青少年精神分裂症患者父母养育方式与正常组对照显示:其父亲惩罚严厉、拒绝否认因子分显著高于对照组,情感温暖、理解因子分显著低于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);其母亲过分干涉过度保护、偏爱被试因子分显著高于对照组;母亲的情感温暖理解、过度保护、偏爱被试因子分高于父亲(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).家庭环境的亲密度、情感表达、文化性、娱乐性的因子分低于对照组,矛盾性和控制性均高于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).相关分析显示:父亲过度保护与母亲拒绝否认,及母亲过度保护与父亲拒绝否认因子之间呈负相关(r≥0.8);父亲与母亲EMBU相同因子得分具有相关关系(r≥0.6).结论:不良的家庭环境和父母养育方式对青少年精神分裂症的发病起一定作用,具有相关性.     

Establishment and characterization of a chronic infectious mononucleosislike syndrome in common marmosets

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was inoculated into two species of marmosets. Successful infection was established in the majority of the animals of one species, Callithrix jacchus, as evidenced by the development of high, persistent levels of antibody against virus-specific capsid and early nonstructural proteins. Antibodies also were produced against the major membrane antigen and, in some animals, against EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) 2 but not against EBNA 1. This is the antibody profile normally noted in individuals with chronic infectious mononucleosis (IM). EBV-induced lymphoproliferation was not seen, and EBV-specific proteins were not detected in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of infected animals. Hence, EBV infection in C. jacchus apparently does not generally include extensive B-cell involvement. However, the marmosets clearly are useful as a model for EBV primary infection and also possibly for chronic IM.     

Understanding how Listeria monocytogenes targets and crosses host barriers

Human listeriosis is caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. In humans, this pathogen has the ability to cross the intestinal, placental and blood-brain barriers, leading to gastroenteritis, maternofetal infections and meningoencephalitis, respectively. The entry of L. monocytogenes into cultured human epithelial cells is mediated by the interaction of an L. monocytogenes surface protein, internalin, with its human receptor, E-cadherin. The internalin-E-cadherin interaction is species-specific, and relies on the nature of a single amino-acid in the E-cadherin molecule, which is proline in permissive species such as humans, and glutamic acid in non-permissive species such as the mouse. In a transgenic mouse model that expresses human E-cadherin in enterocytes, internalin allows L. monocytogenes to cross the intestinal barrier. Epidemiological evidence also supports a role for internalin in human listeriosis, not only for crossing the intestinal barrier, but also for targeting and crossing the placental and blood-brain barriers. Consistent with these epidemiological data, infection with L. monocytogenes of trophoblastic cell lines, primary trophoblast cultures and human placental villous explants demonstrates that bacterial invasion of the syncytiotrophoblast barrier is mediated by the internalin-E-cadherin interaction, leading to histopathological lesions that mimic those seen in the placentas of women with listeriosis. Thus, the internalin-E-cadherin interaction that plays a key role in the crossing of the intestinal barrier in humans is also exploited by L. monocytogenes to target and cross the placental barrier. Further investigations are currently focusing on the molecular mechanisms by which L. monocytogenes targets and crosses the blood-brain barrier.     

大鼠创伤性肠粘连模型的制备及黄厚排气颗粒对其粘连程度的影响

为筛选出操作方法简便，结果稳定可控的大鼠创伤性肠粘连模型，观察中药复方黄厚排气颗粒对其粘连程度的影响，选用SD大鼠，手术造成肠粘连模型，用中药复方2．5、5．0、10．0g/kg连续治疗7d后观察肠粘连程度。结果表明，以盲肠型动物模型的制备较为理想，手术易于操作，结果稳定可控。用中药复方治疗后模型动物的肠粘连程度得到明显改善。提示黄厚排气颗粒对术后肠粘连有一定的预防作用。     

Animal study on the role of serotonin in depression

1. In our series of experiments the role of serotonin in human depression was studied by using animal models of depression.

2. The results of these studies support the hypothesis that some types of human depression may be primarily due to an excessive transmission of serotonin at the synapse.     

脱水穿心莲内酯珀琥酸半酯单钾盐家兔体内药代动力学实验研究

采用紫外分光光度法测定脱水穿心莲内酯琥珀酸半酯单钾盐血药浓度,并对腹腔单剂量注射给药后家兔体内药代动力学进行了研究。用计算机对血药时间数据进行了曲线拟合。结果表明:该药腹腔注射给药在家兔体内的转运符合二室开模型动力学方程。