蜂蜜中含水量与密度定量关系的研究

含水量是蜂蜜的一个重要的质量指标 ,本实验通过测定蜂蜜在不同密度下的含水量 ,从中找到含水量与密度的定量关系 ,为确定蜂蜜的各类质量标准提供一个简单的测试方法     

高张盐水在局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤中的作用及其机制

Objective To investigate the effect of hypertonic saline on cerebral water content, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level and neuronal apoptosis following focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats and explore the mechanisms involved. Methods Ninety-six rats were randomized equally into 4 groups, namely the shame-operated group, untreated IR injury group, and 4.2% and 7.5% hypertonic saline groups (HS-A and HS-B groups, respectively). In the latter 3 groups, cerebral ischcmia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 2 h followed by administration of the corresponding treatments. Serum sodium concentration was measured at 5 min before and at 30, 60 and 90 min after the reperfilsion. At 22 h of rcperfusion, the rats were sacrificed after neurological deficit evaluation, and brain edema was assessed by measuring the wet-to-dry weight ratio of the brain tissue. TNF-α expression in the ischemic brain tissue was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the neuronal apoptosis was analyzed using TUNEL assay. Results In the saline-treated rats, serum sodium level increased significantly after saline administration, lasting for 60 min before recovering the normal levels in HS-A group and for over 90 min in HS-B group. Compared with that in the sham-operated group, the brain water content in rats of the IR group increased in both of the hemispheres, but more obviously in the ischemic hemisphere. In the two saline-treated groups, the water content decreased significantly in the bilateral hemispheres, which was especially obvious in the ischemic hemisphere;administration of 7.5% saline resulted in greater water content reduction in the ischemic hemisphere than 4.2% saline. Compared with the IR group, the two saline-treated groups showed significant reduction in TNF-α levels and apoptotic cells in the brain along with decreased neurological deficits. Conclusion Hypertonic saline can ameliorate cerebral focal IR injury by decreasing the cerebral water content, TNF-α level and neuronal apoptosis following the injury.     

蛛网膜下腔出血后外周血糖及脑含水量的变化

目的探讨大鼠脑蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）后外周血糖和脑含水量的变化规律及意义。方法36只Wister大鼠随机分成对照组和实验组，采用血管内穿刺法建立脑出血动物模型。用快速血糖测定法测定SAH后外周血糖水平，湿重-干重（wet-dry weight）法测定脑含水量的变化。结果SAH大鼠外周血糖水平及脑含水量在SAH后6h～2d时程中均明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论大鼠SAH急性期外周血糖和脑含水量的变化提示二者均可能参与了该期的病理演变过程。     

高渗盐复合液对冷冻性脑损伤后颅内压及脑含水量的影响

探讨高渗盐复合液对冷冻性脑损伤的治疗作用,发现其与20％甘露醇类似,可以降低颅内压,减少脑含水量。     

中药饮片霉变与其含水量关系初探

在中药材的保管贮存过程中,生霉变质是比较常见的现象之一。余圣龙［１］认为中药饮片中水分是导致其霉变的重要内在因素。为了探讨中药饮片霉变与其含水量的关系,笔者选取常用中药饮片３２个品种,考察样品在贮存中长霉情况。现将结果报道如下。１实验材料１．１全部饮...     

血管加压素在脑水肿形成中的作用

血管加压素(VP)的作用可分为外周和中枢2个部分，涉及到水的重吸收、血管收缩、促肾上腺皮质激素的分泌和记忆等重要生理作用：其受体分为V1aR、V1bR和V2R，中枢神经系统中以V1R为主。在脑外伤、脑出血和脑梗死等病理学过程中，VP常常异常增高，增加脑含水量，加重脑水肿。实验证明，V1aR在VP介导的脑水肿形成中起重要作用，但具体机制尚须进一步明确。研究VP在脑水肿形成过程中的病理生理学作用，对脑水肿的治疗有重要的指导意义。     

镁与胰岛素对大鼠缺血脑组织的保护作用

目的 探讨镁与胰岛素对缺血脑组织的保护作用。方法 大鼠全脑缺血前后腹腔注射硫酸镁和胰岛素，与对照组比较脑组织含水量、神经细胞计数和形态学观察、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和神经原特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）。结果 观察组海马区正常神经元计数和SOD含量显著高于对照组（P分别＜0．01和0．05），脑组织含水量和NSE含量显著低于对照（P分别＜0．01和0．05）。结论 硫酸镁和胰岛素对缺血脑组织有肯定的保护作用。     

驻岛军人皮肤屏障功能与皮肤癣菌感染及相关影响因素研究

目的分析驻岛军人皮肤屏障功能与真菌感染的相关性及影响因素。方法对81名患有皮肤癣菌感染的官兵,进行真菌镜检加培养及皮肤屏障功能(经表皮失水量、油脂含量、角质层含水量)检测。结果真菌阳性组和真菌阴性组的经表皮水分丢失量(P=0.0018)、皮脂含量(P=0.0079)、年龄(P=0.0351)比较具有统计学差异;两组角质层含水量(P=0.1881)、驻岛时间比较(P=0.2269)无统计学差异。两组官兵经表皮水分丢失量与驻岛时间有相关性(r=0.054,P=0.0370),其余指标与驻岛时间和年龄均没有相关性(P>0.05)。结论驻岛官兵皮肤癣菌感染与皮肤经表皮水分丢失量、皮脂含量、年龄有关。年龄和驻岛时间与官兵的皮肤屏障功能无明显相关性,驻岛时间对经表皮水分丢失量有影响。     

如何呵护宝宝皮肤

编辑同志:宝宝刚满一周岁,冬季来临,她的小脸蛋出现了不少小皮屑,干燥得很。请问,对于小朋友,冬季护肤要注意哪些问题?武汉孙××孙读者:小儿的皮肤含水量较高,特别是3岁以下的宝宝,皮肤含水量明显高于成年人。因此,在干燥的秋冬季节,需要特别的呵护。