滋阴清热方治疗对甲状腺功能亢进症阴虚火旺证患者疗效、血浆内皮素-1、炎症因子和免疫功能的影响

目的:研究滋阴清热方治疗对甲状腺功能亢进症阴虚火旺证患者疗效、血浆内皮素-1、炎症因子和免疫功能的影响。方法:将广州市花都区妇幼保健院收治的100例甲状腺功能亢进症阴虚火旺证患者分成观察组和对照组。对照组:给患者使用常规药物治疗;观察组:在对照组的基础上,给予滋阴清热方治疗。干预后,比较两组患者的临床疗效、血浆内皮素-1(Endothelin,ET)、炎症因子[白介素-2(Interleukin-2,IL-2)、白介素-8(Interleukin-8,IL-8)]及肿瘤坏死因子(Tumour Necrosis Factor-α,TNF-α)和免疫功能(CD3^+、CD4^+、CD8^+及CD4^+/CD8^+)。结果:干预前,两组患者IL-2、IL-8及TNF-α无变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者的IL-2比对照组高,且对照组的IL-8及TNF-α比观察组的高,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义;干预前,两组患者的CD3^+、CD4^+、CD8^+及CD4^+/CD8^+与ET无变化;干预后,观察组的CD3^+、CD4^+、CD8+及CD4^+/CD8^+比对照组高,P <0.05,差异有统计学意义,且观察组的ET低于对照组且观察组总有效率明显高于对照组。结论:滋阴清热方治疗降低了血浆内皮素-1,减少炎症的出现,提高免疫功能。     

多发性骨髓瘤患者血浆尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物及其可溶性受体的检测与临床意义

目的 :研究多发性骨髓瘤 ( MM)患者血浆尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物 ( u- PA )及其可溶性受体 ( su PAR )的水平变化 ,并探讨其临床意义。方法 :用 ELISA法检测 34例 MM患者血浆 u- PA及 su PA R的浓度 ,同时观察其中6例 MM患者化疗前后血浆 u- PA及 su PAR的浓度变化。结果 :MM患者血浆 u- PA及 su PA R水平均明显高于正常对照组 ,其中进展期 MM患者血浆 u- PA及 su PAR水平明显高于正常对照组和稳定期 MM患者 ( P <0 .0 1) ,而稳定期 MM患者血浆 u- PA及 su PA R水平与正常对照组无显著性差异 ( P>0 .0 5)。 6例 MM患者化疗后血浆 u- PA及 su PA R水平 ,明显低于化疗前血浆 u- PA及 su PAR水平 ( P<0 .0 5)。骨髓涂片瘤细胞比例 >2 0 %的 MM患者血浆 u- PA及 su PA R水平 ,明显高于瘤细胞比例≤ 2 0 % M M患者 ( P<0 .0 5;P<0 .0 1)。M M患者血浆 u- PA及su PA R水平均与骨髓瘤细胞百分比及血清球蛋白呈正相关 ,而与血清白蛋白呈负相关。结论 :血浆 u- PA及 su PA R水平升高可能与多发性骨髓瘤的发生、发展有密切关系 ;其水平可作为临床分期、判断疗效、了解疾病进展情况及预后的一个重要指标。     

Human khat (Catha edulis) chewers have elevated plasma leptin and nonesterified fatty acids

In this study, the effect of regular khat (Catha edulis Forsk) chewing (200 and 400 g) in humans on plasma leptin, nonesterified fatty acid, triacyglycerol, and total cholesterol levels was investigated. The results presented show that khat chewing increases plasma leptin concentration particularly in individuals who chew 400 g of khat leaves. The significance of increased plasma leptin is in explaining the underlying mechanism of the observed effects associated with khat chewing such as loss of appetite, decreased body weight, and hyperthermia. The decreased body weight was evident from the significantly lower body mass index of the khat leaves chewers group as compared to the non–khat leaves chewers group (control). Moreover, like leptin, the plasma levels of nonesterified fatty acids were significantly higher in those chewing 400 g of khat leaves. On the other hand, the plasma levels of triacylglycerol were significantly lower in the 2 khat-chewers groups (200 and 400 g of khat leaves), whereas plasma cholesterol levels were not affected by the 2 levels of khat leaves used in this study. The significance of these results may suggest that khat leaves may contain a component(s) that has the ability to reduce body weight via decreasing appetite.     

薄层扫描法测定血浆中盐酸氟桂利嗪浓度及药物动力学

血浆中盐酸氟桂利嗪经硼酸缓冲液酸化后，正戊烷－异丙醇（９８：２）提取其原型，加酸使成盐溶于无机相中，再加碱后用二氯甲烷提取，样品点于硅胶ＧＦ２５４薄层板上，以环己烷－丙酮－氯仿（９：３：５）为展开剂。氟桂利嗪在２５４ｎｍ紫外灯下呈紫色斑点，Ｒｆ＝０．５４，于ＣＳ－９３０薄层扫描仪上测定，λｓ＝２１５ｎｍ、λｇ＝３１０ｎｍ，线性范围０．３￣８μｇ，平均回收率９０．０２％。用此法测定了氟桂利嗪血药浓度     

成人原发性肾病综合征血容量与肾素,醛固酮,心钠素的关系

探讨成人原发性肾病综合征(NS)血容量与肾素、醛固酮及心钠素的关系。方法 应用~(113)mInCl标记转铁蛋白稀释法测定血容量,放免法测定血浆激素水平。对水肿期NS28例、正常26例及其中NS缓解期随访18例进行检测。结果 (1)水肿期NS血容量与正常组无差别,血浆肾素活性(PRA)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(ATⅡ)、醛固酮(Ald)、心钠素(ANP)水平均较正常组高,白蛋白、各激素水平与血容量无显著相关;(2)缓解期与水肿期比较,总的血容量无差异,Ald、ANP显著降低,PRA、ATⅡ则无明显差异;(3)Ald与24小时尿排钠(UNaV)显著负相关。结论 Ald和ANP是NS钠排泄的主要调节因子。     

Plasma Separator for Encapsulating Fluorescent Probe in Erythrocytes

Using a plasma separator, it is possible to wash large volumes of whole blood free of plasma proteins in short periods. The novelty, however, is that the same apparatus can be used to reversibly hemolyze and reseal the red blood cells (RBCs) using hypotonic and hypertonic dialysates, respectively. This technique was assessed using the fluorescent exogenous agent uranin (fluorescein sodium). Results indicate that the encapsulation of the RBCs can be completed in under 2 h. The encapsulation efficiency of the RBCs was approximately 80% with a RBC recovery rate of 75%.     

LOWER POSTPRANDIAL PLASMA GLUCOSE AND INSULIN AFTER ADDITION OF ACACIA CORIACEA FLOUR TO WHEAT BREAD

Many Australian Aboriginal bushfoods contain slowly digested carbohydrate which elicit low postprandial blood glucose and insulin responses compared to Western foods, such as wheat bread. This study has shown that incorporation of flour made from a slowly digested seed, Acacia coriacea , into wheat bread (18 g/82 g wheat flour) significantly reduces the initial rise in plasma glucose levels ( p < 0.05) and the area under the plasma glucose curve ( p < 0.005) in six healthy subjects. Insulin values were also lowered at 60 minutes ( p < 0.025) and 90 minutes ( p < 0.05). Our findings suggest that Acacia flour, when used to dilute wheat flour in the manufacture of breads, produces a very palatable food which could be useful in the diets of diabetic individuals.     

高敏受者肾移植术前行血浆置换的临床探讨

目的 :探讨高敏受者肾移植术前行血浆置换 (PE)的效果。方法 :12例高敏受者在肾移植术前进行PE治疗 ,37例高敏受者未行PE治疗 ,观察两组肾移植病人排斥反应发生率的差异。结果 :PE组置换前PRA值71.0 %± 19.1% ,置换后 34.3%± 17.9% ,两者有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。术后发生超排 2例 ,急性排斥 2例 ;未行PE组发生超排 2例 ,急性排斥 8例 ,两组间超排和急性排斥的发生率均无显著性差异。结论 :PE对预防超排和降低急性排斥的发生率均无明显作用。PE治疗的主要适应症为PRA大于 80 %的受者 ,能快速降低PRA值 ,有助于HLA抗体特异性分析和HLA配型。     

Pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in children with the nephrotic syndrome

The aim of this study was to establish whether the criteria for the clinical effectiveness of steroids are correlated with the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in children treated with prednisone during an attack of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). Thirteen patients with nephrosis were included. Prednisolone, prednisone and cortisol levels were measured using a specific high-performance liquid chromatography assay after an oral dose of 1 mg/kg body weight of prednisone taken at the onset of the disease. All the pharmacokinetic parameters, including the conversion of prednisone to prednisolone were similar to the data already published in children with INS. No correlation was found between the values of pharmacokinetic parameters and criteria of clinical effectiveness. Hypo-albuminaemia was significantly correlated with the area under the plasma-concentration curve but not with the elimination half-life of prednisolone. Moreover, the prednisolone elimination half-life correlated with the urinary exretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids achieved in the first 6h. The present study suggests that routine measurements of prednisolone kinetics do not help when assessing the treatment of children with INS.     

Behavioral conditioning of endotoxin-induced plasma iron alterations

The cascade of physiologic mechanisms in response to infection, the acute-phase response, is recognized as playing a major role in host defence. One such response is the hypoferremia that is consistently reported to occur during bacterial infection. This study aimed to determine whether the alterations in plasma iron were conditionable using the conditioned taste aversion (CTA) paradigm. The regime involved the pairing of a novel-tasting saccharin solution with bacterial endotoxin. Seven days after the initial pairing of these stimuli (the test day), the saccharin solution was represented. Animals exposed to this condition displayed a significant reduction in the level of plasma iron. Animals treated with an intraperitoneal dose of 400 μg/Kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) displayed lower conditioned iron levels than rats infused with 100 μg/Kg LPS; however, this difference was not significant. These results showed that in addition to other acute-phase responses (fever and anorexia), plasma iron alterations are able to be manipulated through behavioral manipulations.