Aggressive Angiomyxoma of the Vulva in an 11-Year-old Girl

A rare case of aggressive angiomyxoma involving the vulva of an 11-year-old girl is reported. The pathologic features that distinguish this lesion from other myxoid tumors or tumorlike conditions of the perineum and vulva in children are discussed.     

Clinical value of new techniques of gynecological tumor assessment

Fox H. Clinical value of new techniques of gynecological tumor assessment. Int J Gynecol Cancer 1997; 7 : 337–349.
The clinical value of new techniques of assessment of gynecological tumorsis reviewed. These techniques include flow cytometry, quantitative tissueanalysis, the detection ofsteroid hormone receptors, the establishment of cell proliferation indices, thestudy of mutations in tumor suppression genes, and examination of theexpression of oncogenes and growth factors.
It is concluded that none of these techniques has yet supplanted thetraditional pathological assessment of tumors. Only flow cytometry andmorphometry currently meritconsideration for routine adoption in carefully defined clinical situations.     

外阴尖锐湿疣的免疫组织化学研究

采用免疫组化链霉菌素抗生物素蛋白—过氧化物酶连接法（ＳＰ法），对病理学上诊断或拟诊为尖锐湿疣的９６例外阴活检标本进行人乳头状瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）抗原检测。结果表明尖锐湿疣ＨＰＶ的阳性率为５９．３８％，ＳＰ法对可疑病例，可作为病原学诊断的依据。对组织学形态不够典型的病例和尚未形成诊断性挖空细胞的早期病例，具有重要的辅助诊断价值。     

Vulval lymphangiomata mimicking genital warts

Genital warts can mimic a variety of conditions. We report a middle-aged pregnant woman with lymphangiectatic lesions on the vulva resembling warts.     

HPV Infection and Distribution of HPV Genotypes on Patients with Condyloma Acuminatum

Objective To determine the incidence of infection with HPV and the distribution of HPV genotypes on patients with Condyloma acuminatum. Methods Twenty-three different HPV types were detected by PCR and reverse dot blot （RDB） hybridization over all 6 508 samples of vulva and cervix uteri in patients with condyloma acuminatum. Including 18 types were high-risk （HR）-HPV （16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 83 and MM4）, and 5 types were low-risk （LR）-HPV （6, 11, 42, 43 and 44）. Results Among 6 508 cases, there were 3 288 cases with HPV infection and the incidence rate was 50.52%. The positive HPV patients overlap all 23 genotypes detected. There were 2 038 cases infected with a single HPV type and 1 250 cases infected with multiple HPV types. The constituent ratios in positive cases were 61.98% and 38.02%, respectively. There were 1 453 cases only with LR-HPV types infection, 945 cases only with HR-HPV types and 890 cases both with LR-HPV and HR-HPV infection, and the constituent ratios were 44.19%, 28.74% and 27.07%. There were 4 843 times positive HPV infection, including HR-HPV 2 361 times and LR-HPV 2 482 times. The common HR-HPV genotypes were 16, 52, 58, 56, 18, 66 and 33, and the incidence ratios were 6.31%, 5.06%, 4.04%, 2.60%, 2.41%, 2.40% and 2.28%. And the common LR-HPV genotypes were 6, 11 and 43, and the incidence ratios were 16.98%,11.09% and 6.75%, respectively. Overlap 23 types, the most common geno- types were HPV6 and HPVll, the incidence rates were higher than others （P〈0.05）. Conclusion HPV infection, especially with HR-HPV genotypes infect genital tract, which caused Condyloma acuminatum and cervical lesions, or cervical cancer. The detection of HPV genotypes was very important to prevent, diagnose early and therapy for cervical lesions or cervical cancer.     

青黛膏外涂治疗外阴白色病变临床疗效分析

目的：观察外用青黛膏治疗外阴白色病变的临床疗效。方法27例经外阴活检证实的外阴白色病变患者,鳞状细胞增生型12例,硬化性苔藓型8例,硬化性苔藓型伴鳞状细胞增生型（混合型）4例,不典型增生型3例,经青黛膏治疗1个疗程后,观察其外阴皮肤黏膜色素变化及临床症状改善情况。结果27例外阴白色病变患者经青黛膏治疗后的有效率为100％,治疗后鳞状细胞增生型、硬化苔藓型、混合型及不典型增生型病变外阴局部皮肤弹性评分与本证型治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义（P 均＜0．05）。结论外用青黛膏治疗外阴白色病变是一种无创、无毒副作用、经济、安全的治疗方法,值得临床推广应用。     

Vulval carcinomas: an update

Vulvar squamous neoplasms – intraepithelial and invasive – are now classified by their aetiological relationship with human papillomavirus. This distinction is imperfect on morphological assessment alone. This article discusses the new classification and the use of p16 and p53 in the distinction. Other recent developments, including FIGO 2021 staging of vulvar cancers, is discussed here.     

血管肌纤维母细胞瘤临床病理分析

目的:观察并分析血管肌纤维母细胞瘤(angiomyofibroblastoma,AMF)的临床病理特点、影像学特征及治疗方法和预后.方法:回顾分析2015年至2019年诊断的5例AMF患者的临床资料,观察其临床特征、病理形态学特点及免疫组化结果等.结果:5例患者均为生育期女性,肿瘤位于外阴,临床以及实验室检查均缺乏特征...     

Radical vulvectomy and bilateral inguinal-femoral lymphadenectomy through separate incisions—experience with 100 cases

Over a 6-year period 100 patients with vulvar cancer were treated by radical vulvectomy and bilateral inguinal femoral lymphadenectomy performed through separate incisions. The average age of the patients was 68.8 years. Ninety patients had squamous carcinoma, six had melanoma and four had other vulvar malignancies. FIGO staging was stage 1–46, stage II-25, and stage III-23, and stage IVa-6. Twenty-seven patients were found to have spread of tumor to groin nodes, 21 unilateral and six bilateral. For patients with squamous carcinomas, groin nodes were positive in four of 45 (8.9%) with tumor diameter < 2 cm vs. 17 of 42 (40.5%) with tumors> 2 cm. In 60 patients with unilateral squamous tumors, no isolated contralateral node metastases were found, however two of 13 patients (15.4%) with positive ipsilateral nodes had positive contralateral nodes also. One patient with negative nodes developed bilateral recurrent tumor in the skin bridges and subsequently died. Overall 5-year survival corrected for death from intercurrent illness was 74.6%. Corrected survival by stage for squamous carcinomas was as follows: stage I-96.7%, stage II-85%, stage III-45.8% and stage IV-50%.