阴囊、阴茎Paget病临床病理分析

目的:探讨阴囊、阴茎Paget病的临床病理特点、诊断及鉴别诊断依据。方法:复习13例阴囊、阴茎Paget病的临床病理资料,采用HE染色、特殊染色(AB/PAS)及免疫组化技术进行观察分析。结果:阴囊、阴茎Paget病以老年男性多见,发病年龄55～84岁,中位年龄为71岁。肉眼皮损呈湿疹样改变。光镜下表皮内可见数目不等的Paget细胞呈单个散在、巢状或条索状分布。所有病例AB/PAS染色均阳性;13例均表达CK7、CEA、EMA抗原,不表达CK5/6、S-100及P63,GCDFP-15与CK20阳性表达率分别为76.92%(10/13)和53.85%(7/13)。结论:阴囊、阴茎Paget病为低度恶性的皮肤上皮性肿瘤,有特殊的临床及组织病理学特点,免疫组化标记有助于该肿瘤的诊断。     

阴股沟皮瓣修复阴囊深度烧伤

目的：探索阴股沟皮瓣治疗阴囊烧伤的方法。方法：采用阴股沟皮瓣转移修复治疗阴囊烧伤患者8例。结果：皮瓣完全成活,随诊6～12个月,阴囊形态良好。结论：利用阴股沟皮瓣修复阴囊深度烧伤是一种良好的治疗方法。     

外用贝复济及百多邦治疗大面积阴囊糜烂3例

目的：贝复济及百多邦联合外用治疗大面积阴囊糜烂3例临床疗效观察。方法：3例均先于阴囊糜烂面处涂抹一层百多邦，敷上纱布后用贝复济喷湿，每日照此方法换药至痊愈。结果：贝复济及百多邦二者合用大大缩短了创面愈合时间。     

Testicular migration: remodeling of connective tissue and muscle cells in human gubernaculum testis

PURPOSE: We present the main morphological modifications in the human gubernaculum during testicular migration in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We obtained 12 gubernacula from fresh, macroscopically normal human fetuses at 15 to 29 weeks of gestation. Collagen was evidenced using trichrome and Sirius red staining procedures, while Weigert's resorcinol-fuchsin and anti-human elastin antibody were used to reveal elastic system fibers. Smooth muscle cells were detected by anti-human smooth muscle alpha-actin antibody. RESULTS: When the testes were still located in the abdomen at 15 to 16 weeks of gestation, collagen fibers were sparse and embedded in a loose extracellular matrix. The amount of fibers then gradually increased with age and at 28 weeks of gestation the gubernaculum was mostly collagenous in composition. Elastic fibers had a similar growth pattern, although they were located mainly at the distal end of the gubernaculum. Fibroblasts largely predominated over other cell types and decreased in number with gestational age, whereas smooth muscle cells were restricted to the walls of blood vessels. Striated muscle cells were detected at the scrotal end of the gubernaculum, where they were disposed as isolated and scattered bundles running in various directions. Like fibroblasts, their number also decreased with age. CONCLUSIONS: During testicular migration gubernacular connective tissue undergoes extensive remodeling and ultimately becomes an essentially fibrous structure rich in collagen and elastic fibers. Such changes should decrease the size of the gubernaculum and, thus, contribute to other forces that cause the testes to move toward the scrotum. In fact, because of the lack of smooth muscle cells, and the amount and organization of striated muscle cells, active contraction of the gubernaculum is less likely to be an important factor in testicular descent.     

Socio-economic differences in incidence rates of cancers of the male genital organs in Finland, 1971-95

We studied social class variation in the incidence of cancers of the prostate, testis, penis and scrotum among 1.1 million Finnish men (45-69 years of age) during 1971-95. The incidence of prostate cancer (6,972 cases) was increasing during the study period; the highest at all the times occurred in Social Class I (highest social class), 40-50% higher than in Social Class IV (lowest). The social class gradient was strongest in localized disease but there was some variation in incidence of non-localized prostate cancer. A total of 174 testicular cancer cases were diagnosed during the study period. In the early 1970s, the incidence of testicular cancer in Social Class I was 5-fold compared to Social Classes III and IV. Thereafter, the incidence rate decreased in Social Class I, but increased in the lower classes. The positive social class gradient was similar for seminomas and non-seminomas. For penile cancer (n = 128), the incidence decreased over time and social class variation was small. Only 6 cases of scrotum cancer were observed. In testicular cancer the strong positive social class association in the early 1970s is disappearing along with converging incidence trend slopes in different social classes. The difference diminished to less than 2-fold in the 1990s. Reasons for this observation remain open.     

阴囊Paget病的外科治疗

目的：探讨阴囊Paget病的外科治疗。方法：23例阴囊皮肤病变的患者，活检证实为阴囊Paget病，在抗感染治疗基础上，均采用病灶广泛切除术治疗，并采用原位、转移皮瓣覆盖创面；活检证实有淋巴结转移者行淋巴结清扫术；未能切除的淋巴结转移癌行放射性粒子植入术治疗。结果：A，期9例，A：期6例，B期6例，C期2例。共行24次手术，1例术后复发者行二次手术治疗。结论：对经久不愈的阴囊皮肤病变应尽早行活检确诊，病灶广泛切除术是治疗本病的最佳手段。放射性粒子植入术是治疗未能切除的淋巴结转移癌较有效手段。     

成人阴茎段尿道缺损的修复

目的 总结成人阴茎段尿道缺损的于术修复方法及阴囊中缝区皮瓣的临床应用。方法 2000年1月～2005年11月，对不同原因的阴茎段尿道缺损患者26例，年龄18～40岁。应用局部阴茎皮瓣再造缺损尿道，其中先天性阴茎型尿道下裂16例；外伤性阴茎中段尿道缺损6例。远段尿道缺损4例。外伤1～4年，曾行尿道造瘘术，反复尿道外口开大。应用以阴囊前、后动脉为蒂的阴囊中隔岛状皮瓣进行刚茎腹侧再造尿道表面创面的覆盖，皮瓣范围在阴囊中缝区宽2．5cm，长5．5cm内。结果 术后除4例患者并发感染而漏尿，术后2～4周内自行愈合外，其余患者伤口均Ⅰ期愈合。术后随访7个月～4年，阴茎无弯曲，排尿无异常。结论 应用阴茎局部皮瓣再造尿道及阴囊中缝区带蒂岛状皮瓣覆盖创面，是修复青春期后阴茎段尿道缺损一种良好的方法，下术操作简便，皮瓣血运可靠，修复后阴茎外形及功能均良好。     

单切口入路行双侧睾丸手术

目的探讨单切口入路行双侧阴囊手术的可行性. 方法回顾性分析27例采用单侧或正中阴囊皮肤直切口同期行双侧阴囊手术的临床资料. 结果 27例患者中,行单侧阴囊皮肤直切口15例,其中前列腺癌8例,双侧附睾结节2例,一侧附睾结节伴另一侧睾丸鞘膜积液2例,双侧睾丸鞘膜积液3例;行阴囊皮肤正中直切口12例,其中前列腺癌9例,双侧附睾结节2例,一侧附睾结节伴另一侧睾丸鞘膜积液1例.所有患者术后均未出现阴囊或下腹部血肿,伤口甲级愈合.结论与传统的双侧阴囊切口相比,阴囊单切口减少了皮肤切口,缩短了手术时间,减少了患者痛苦,疗效满意,值得推荐.     

Migration of Abdominal Catheter of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt into the Scrotum

Summary Four cases of migration of the ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunt tip through patent processes vaginalis resulting in scrotal hydrocele are presented. These cases are considered a rare complication of V-P shunts and causal mechanisms are discussed with a review of the literature.