Density and morphology of corneal endothelial cell after phacoemulsification using ringer lactate versus balanced salt solution as irrigating solutions

AIM: To compare the difference in corneal endothelial cell density and morphology after phacoemulsification using ringer lactate (RL) and balanced salt solution (BSS) irrigating solutions. METHODS: The prospective randomized controlled trial study was conducted between February 2017 and April 2017 in Dr. YAP Eye Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. There were a total of 52 subjects (52 eyes) who were senile cataract patients further grouped into two, 26 patients undergoing the phacoemulsification procedure using RL irrigating solution and the other 26 patients with BSS irrigating solution, both conducted by one operator. On the 1, 7, and 28d post operative, an evaluation was done to measure the density and corneal endothelial cell morphology, as well as the variable of inflammation in the two groups. RESULTS: Fifty-two eyes had undergone phacoemulsification with posterior intraocular lens implantation. Both groups were evaluated for the endothelial cell reduction and corneal endothelial cell morphology change, along with postoperative inflammation. On the 28d postoperative, endothelial cell reduction in the BSS group (173.96 cell/mm2, 8.12%) was lower than the RL group (253.20 cell/mm2, 10.25%), percentage of corneal endothelial cell variation coefficient increase in the BSS group (2.92%, 8.36%) was lower compared to the RL group (3.42%, 9.96%), decrease of hexagonal cells of corneal endothelium cells presentation percentage in the BSS group (4.30%, 8.17%) was lower compared to the RL group (4.84%, 8.97%), and the percentage increase of central corneal thickness in the BSS group (4.69 μm, 0.89%) was almost equal to the RL group (4.53 μm, 0.90%). All of the results regarding difference in density and corneal cell endothelium morphology between the two groups did not reveal any statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Inflammatory variable in the two groups were even. CONCLUSION: BSS and RL were equal in their capability of maintaining endothelial cell loss and endothelial cell morphologic change in senile cataract patients after phacoemulsification.     

颅脑损伤继发脑性耗盐综合征的临床研究

目的探讨颅脑损伤继发脑性耗盐综合征（CSWS）患者的相关激素水平和氢化可的松对本病的疗效。方法检测54例颅脑损伤继发CSWS患者促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、皮质醇（CTS）和醛固酮（ALDO）含量。将患者分为对照组和治疗组各27例,分别采用单纯补钠和氢化可的松加补钠治疗,并比较两组治疗前后的血清钠和尿钠的变化。结果（1）颅脑损伤继发CSWS患者中,ACTH和CTS分别为（52．8±7．1）ng/L和（0．69±0．17）μmol/L,均明显高于正常值（P＜0．05）;而ALDO平均值为（0．15±0．03）nmol/L,明显低于正常值（P＜0．05）。（2）治疗后第5天和第10天,治疗组和对照组的平均血清钠分别为（127．5±4．2）mmol/L、（131．1±4．3）mmol/L和（124．4±4．5）mmol/L、（128．3±4．7）mmol/L,治疗组平均血清钠均明显高于对照组（P＜0．05）;治疗组和对照组的平均尿钠分别为（99．0±20．0）mmol/24 h、（89．8±21．6）mmol/ 24 h和（122．3±51．7）mmol/24 h、（105．2±24．7）mmol/24 h,治疗组均明显低于对照组（P＜0．05）。结论颅脑损伤继发CSWS与血浆ALDO水平下降有关,氢化可的松能提高颅脑损伤继发CSWS患者的血钠水平。     

Protective effects of Terminalia arjuna against Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

Terminalia arjuna has been marked as a potential cardioprotective agent since vedic period. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of butanolic fraction of Terminalia arjuna bark (TA-05) on Doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity. Male wistar rats were used as in vivo model for the study. TA-05 was administered orally to Wistar rats at different doses (0.42 mg/kg, 0.85 mg/kg, 1.7 mg/kg, 3.4 mg/kg and 6.8 mg/kg) for 6 days/week for 4 weeks. Thereafter, all the animals except saline and TA-05-treated controls were administered 20 mg/kg Dox intraperitonially. There was a significant decrease in myocardial superoxide dismutase (38.94%) and reduced glutathione (23.84%) in animals treated with Dox. Concurrently marked increase in serum creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) activity (48.11%) as well as increase in extent of lipid peroxidation (2.55-fold) was reported. Co-treatment of TA-05 and Dox resulted in an increase in the cardiac antioxidant enzymes, decrease in serum CKMB levels and reduction in lipid peroxidation as compared to Dox-treated animals. Electron microscopic studies in Dox-treated animals revealed mitochondrial swelling, Z-band disarray, focal dilatation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and lipid inclusions, whereas the concurrent administration of TA-05 led to a lesser degree of Dox-induced histological alterations. These findings suggest that butanolic fraction of Terminalia arjuna bark has protective effects against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and may have potential as a cardioprotective agent.     

钠盐稀释对静滴氯化钾所致疼痛及补钾效果的影响

目的探讨使用氯化钠稀释对缓解静滴氯化钾所致疼痛及补钾效果的影响。方法将60例血钾偏低需静脉补钾病人随机分为两组各30例,钠盐组将10%氯化钾15ml加入生理盐水500ml中进行静脉滴注,葡萄糖组将10%氯化钾15ml加入5%葡萄糖液500ml中进行静脉滴注,2次/d,观察局部疼痛发生情况,补钾2d后观察血钾升高值。结果两组疼痛程度比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);钠盐组血钾升高(0.57±0.14)mmol/L,葡萄糖组血钾升高(0.89±0.39)mmol/L,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论钠盐可缓解静滴氯化钾所致的局部疼痛,同时钠盐亦会减慢补钾的过程。     

低温芒硝序贯疗法预防TAPP术后血清肿发生的疗效观察

目的 探讨低温芒硝序贯疗法在预防腹腔镜下经腹腔腹膜前疝修补术（TAPP）后血清肿发生的治疗效果。方法 收集2019年3月至2022年3月在万安县人民医院普外科和中山大学附属第六医院胃肠、疝与腹壁外科收治的120例行TAPP患者的临床资料,利用电脑随机数字表分为试验组与对照组,每组各60例。试验组予以腹股沟区创面200 m L 4℃生理盐水冲洗+术后腹股沟区冰敷2 h+术后芒硝外敷2 d的3种联合措施,对照组仅予以TAPP术后常规处理;主要观察指标为两组患者术后血清肿发生率,次要观察指标包括手术时间、下床活动时间、住院天数、住院费用、切口疼痛、VAS评分、恶性呕吐、尿潴留及肠梗阻发生率和远期随访指标包括慢性疼痛、补片感染、疝复发等。结果 试验组和对照组患者血清肿发生率分别为1.7%(1/60)、16.7%(10/60),差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,试验组1例属于Ⅰ型;对照组10例中,Ⅰ型6例、Ⅱ型2例、Ⅳ型2例;Ⅳ型血清肿予以B超引导下穿刺抽吸后逐渐缓解,Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型血清肿予以芒硝外敷处理后均好转。试验组患者术后切口疼痛、恶心呕吐、尿潴留发生率分别是5.0%、3.3%、3.3%...     

2006—2011年云南省腾冲县碘盐监测结果

目的了解云南省腾冲县城乡居民食用碘盐覆盖情况及盐碘含量,分析影响因素及时发现问题并采取相应干预措施,保证居民食用合格碘盐,持续预防控制碘缺乏病。方法 2006—2011年每年抽取18个乡镇(山区10个,半山区6个,坝区2个)居民户盐样约288份。根据《云南省碘盐监测方案》的要求,按照国标(GB/T 13025.7-1999)中的国家碘离子检测标准,采用直接滴定法定量测定食用盐中碘含量。结果共抽检居民户食用盐1 800份,合格碘盐1 726份,不合格碘盐44份,非碘盐30份。碘盐覆盖率98.33%(1 770/1 800),合格碘盐食用率95.89%(1 726/1 800),碘盐合格率97.51%(1 726/1 770),非碘盐率1.67%(30/1 800)。山区碘盐使用率为95.22%,低于半山区和坝区。结论腾冲县仍有少量非碘盐在市场上销售,提示今后碘盐监督、监测的重点仍以山区为主;并需要进一步加大消除碘缺乏病的宣传教育力度。     

辣椒油中酸价测定方法的探讨分析

目的:本文运用不同前处理方法进行比较,解决国家标准方法[1]测定辣椒油中的酸价时,由于辣椒油中的色素存在而影响滴定终点的判断问题。方法:利用添加适量中性饱和食盐水及用活性碳吸附两种方法前处理后再按照国标法测定酸价,其结果与准确度和精密度都较高的自动电位滴定法相比较。结果:用添加中性饱和食盐水法和活性碳吸附法都可以清晰观察到滴定终点;辣椒油试样量在3~4 g,用添加中性饱和食盐水法与自动电位滴定法结果无统计学差异,结果准确;活性碳吸附法测定低浓度酸价的油脂相对偏差较大,高浓度的与自动电位滴定法无统计学差异。结论:对于深色油脂如辣椒油中的酸价首选自动电位滴定法,如没有自动电位滴定仪的基层单位,低浓度的可以用添加中性饱和食盐水方法,中、高浓度的可以用活性碳吸附法和添加中性饱和食盐水方法,两种方法都可以清晰地观察到滴定终点,结果精密度都较好,准确度较高。可以作为国标法中测定辣椒油中酸价的有效补充。     

蓝田县食用碘盐防治地方性甲状腺肿效果评价

目的评价蓝田县全民食用碘盐防治地方性甲状腺肿（以下简称地甲病）效果。方法按照《陕西省地方性甲状腺肿普查实施方案》采取普查的方法并与1970年普查结果相对比。结果2006年共调查572048人,普查率91％,地甲病患病率为1．34％,与1970年普查结果相比,患病率明显下降（X2=20262．96,P〈0．01）,重病区人口明显减少（X2=54．35,P〈0．01）,且病例以弥漫型轻度病例为主（57．07％）（X2=1493．04,P〈0．01）,Ⅰ度病例占总病例的85．38％（X2=2973．32,P〈0．01）。结论采取全民食用碘盐防治地甲病成效显著,继续坚持全民食用碘盐是消除地甲病的最佳模式。     

2004～2010年日照市部分居民户碘盐监测分析

[目的]了解居民户食用盐的碘含量情况,以便采取针对性的防控措施,为持续性消除碘缺乏病工作提供参考依据。[方法]对2004～2010年日照市居民户食用盐监测资料进行分析。[结果]2004～2010年累计检测7 760份居民户食用盐,合格碘盐7 362份,不合格碘266份,非碘盐132份,碘盐覆盖率为98.30%,碘盐合格率为96.51%,合格碘盐食用率为94.87%,非碘盐率为1.70%,盐碘中位数为29.30mg/kg。2004～2010年,碘盐合格率分别为95.11%、96.65%、92.58%、96.70%、97.30%、98.60%、98.20%,合格碘盐食用率分别为94.56%、95.27%、91.34%、92.60%、95.60%、97.60%、96.90%。东港区、岚山区、莒县、五莲县,碘盐合格率分别为95.59%、95.15%、96.95%、98.11%,合格碘盐食用率分别为93.50%、91.65%、96.03%、97.82%。[结论]日照市碘盐质量稳定,居民合格碘盐食用率符合国家消除碘缺乏病的标准。     

2004年湖南省碘盐监测结果分析

目的了解湖南省现阶段碘盐生产和居民食用情况。方法根据《全国碘盐监测方案》分别对生产层次和居民户层次的碘盐进行随机抽查和结果判定。结果生产层次：2004年1～6月湘澧、湘衡盐矿碘盐质量Qu、QL均大于1．11，每批合格。居民户层次：全省加碘盐覆盖率为99．71％，以县为单位无〈90％的问题地区；全省加碘盐合格率为97．77％，全省合格碘盐食用率为97．48％，全省碘盐中位数为31．70mg／kg，全省居民食盐碘含量变异系数为20．52％。结论湖南省碘盐加工质量合格，全省基本实现全民普食合格碘盐的目标。