老年人功能受损评估正式量表的建立

目的 由于国内外尚无功能受损的评估量表,本研究拟在前期通过德尔菲专家咨询法建立的老年人功能受损评估(FIST)初始量表的基础上,进一步构建适合我国老年人的FIST正式量表.方法 使用FIST初始量表对305例老年人进行调查,通过相关系数法、克朗巴赫系数法和因子分析法,分别计算各条目得分与总分的相关系数、校正条目的总相关...     

Vision related quality-of-life among patients with traumatic or non-traumatic ocular disease and its association with the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act: Unveiling-the-hidden

Purpose:To assess vision-related quality of life (VrQoL) in cases with visual loss after ocular trauma (OT) or non-traumatic ocular disease (NTOD) using the National Eye Institute’s 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire 25 (VFQ-25) and its association with visual disability % (VD%) based on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016.Methods:This was a prospective observational study conducted among cases with ocular morbidity in either or both eyes with a visual acuity of ≤6/24. VFQ-25 questionnaire was administered to measure QoL scores. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. P < 0.05 was taken as significant.Results:Eighty-eight respondents completed the questionnaire. Mean age of participants was 40.272 ± 9.35 years (range: 23–55 years). Forty-three (48.9%) and 45 (51.1%) participants had OT and NTOD, respectively. The most common cause was traumatic optic neuropathy (21.6%) followed by corneal causes (19.4%). Low visual QoL scores were reported in all the cases (57.52 ± 16.08). Between OT and NTOD, a significant difference in terms of age (P = 0.001) and general vision (P = 0.03) was seen. Lowest scores were for driving. Based on VD%, 77 cases had ≤40 and the rest had >40% VD with a significant difference in overall mean scores (P = 0.03), specifically in domains of general vision (P = 0.00), near activities (P = 0.00), and driving (P = 0.007). QoL was decreased in each subscale of ≤40%VD group, who faced the same predicament everywhere as by the cases with more disability.Conclusion:Ocular morbidity is associated with low QoL, predominantly in domains like general vision, near activities and driving. The RPwD Act leaves out a huge population with VD without any government benefits. One might need to consider other vision-related factors also to provide them with social, psychological, and employment benefits.     

宁波市镇海区接受窝沟封闭儿童家长相关知识调查

目的 了解宁波市镇海区接受窝沟封闭学龄儿童家长相关知识情况,为儿童口腔健康教育提供依据。方法 2013年6-12月在镇海区抽取9所小学2014名接受窝沟封闭二年级学生家长进行问卷调查。结果 80.8% 的儿童日常生活由母亲照顾,13.8% 的家长认为孩子口腔健康较差;51.9% 和23.7% 的儿童每天至少1次吃甜点和喝碳酸饮料,74.8% 儿童睡觉前有进食习惯;家长对常识性口腔健康知识的知晓率大于为71.0%,但仅48.5% 的家长对窝沟封闭的作用了解;32.8% 、25.0% 、28.6% 的儿童分别从3、4和5岁开始刷牙,每天刷≥2次的仅占20.3%;52.5% 的家长从电视/广播中获得口腔健康知识,其更愿从口腔医护人员(62.1%)等途径获取。结论 接受窝沟封闭儿童的口腔健康状况不乐观,通过口腔医务人员等途径,对母亲进一步加强口腔健康知识教育、儿童饮食习惯培养及免费窝沟封闭项目实施,可进一步提高儿童口腔健康水平。     

金华市临床医生哮喘指南认知状况调查

目的 了解浙江省金华市不同级别医疗机构医生对支气管哮喘指南中主要知识的认知情况, 为提升临床医生技术水平寻找对策。方法 对金华市32家不同级别医疗机构741名内科、儿科及全科医师进行问卷调查。结果 被调查医生年龄以31~39岁为主, 占49.80%(369/741);学历以本科为主, 占60.73%(450/741);职称以主治医师为主, 占37.25%(276/741)。被调查医生哮喘指南培训率为13.25%(33/249)~70.15%(141/201)。哮喘诊断知识回答正确率为24.38%(177/726)~95.96%(711/741), 哮喘治疗知识回答正确率为54.29%(399/735)~94.97%(698/735)。二级、三级医院医生哮喘知识知晓率总体高于一级医院。结论 金华地区不同级别医疗机构医生对哮喘知识的认知水平存在差异, 基层一级医院医生对哮喘知识的掌握程度明显低于二级和三级医院。     

妊娠期生活事件问卷编制及项目筛选

目的 编制妊娠期生活事件问卷, 为孕妇妊娠应激的深入研究提供理论依据和工具性支持。方法 在广泛查阅文献的基础上建立问卷的初始项目库, 利用初步确定的问卷对安徽省合肥市第一人民医院招募的3 125名孕早期孕妇进行随访, 收集孕期生活事件信息, 采用两样本t检验、相关性分析、因子分析等对问卷的项目进行筛选。结果 初步建立问卷的初始项目库共35项, 通过分析项目的阳性应答率, 12个项目的阳性应答率<0.1, 应删除;采用t检验法分析项目26的鉴别度, 结果显示P=0.074, 应删除;项目15、27、33的因子分析值分别为0.304、0.294、0.364, 考虑删除;项目2、5、21删除后, 问卷的Cronbach's α系数升高, 应删除;探索性因子分析时项目1的因子载荷值为0.167, 应删除;运用相关系数法进行筛选, 各项目与其他维度相关系数均<0.4, 与所在维度的相关系数均>0.4, 所有的项目均入选。结论 初步完成了妊娠期生活事件问卷的项目筛选工作, 共删除20个项目, 初步确定了妊娠期生活事件问卷由15个项目组成。     

Spanish Translation and Linguistic Validation of the Glucose Monitoring Experiences Questionnaire (GME-Q) in Continuous Glucose Monitoring Users

Background and Aims:The use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has become standard practice in people with type 1 diabetes. The evaluation of user satisfaction is crucial. The Glucose Monitoring Experiences questionnaire (GME-Q) includes 23 items with a 5-point Likert scale to produce a total satisfaction score and three subscale scores. The study aimed to translate the GME-Q from English into Spanish and to validate its use in Spanish-speaking CGM users with type 1 diabetes.Methods:The linguistic translation and validation process of the GME-Q was established. T1D CGM users were asked to complete the produced Spanish version of the GME-Q and interviewed about difficulties or misunderstandings. Total satisfaction, effectiveness, convenience and intrusiveness subscales and internal consistency reliability were computed.Results:Forward and backward translations and cognitive debriefing produced a final version of the GME-Q in Spanish. Ninety-eight subjects with type 1 diabetes were selected (age: 40 ± 12 years, 63% females, Hb1c: 7.2 ± 0.9% (55 ± 10 mmol/l), pump users: 78%, CGM use: 3.7 ± 2.6 years). The completion rate was 99% and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.8. The total satisfaction score was 3.9 ± 0.4 (effectiveness: 4.1 ± 0.6, convenience: 3.8 ± 0.6, intrusiveness: 2.2 ± 0.7).Conclusion:The GME-Q was translated into Spanish and validated for Spanish-speaking CGM users with type 1 diabetes.     

Sleep Questionnaire Versus Sleep Diary: Which Measure Is Better?

One questionnaire about a typical week's sleep is more convenient than asking individuals to complete daily sleep diaries. Yet, most clinical evaluations and much sleep and insomnia research rely upon self monitoring via daily sleep diaries. These are often problematic to administer and can be reactive. Therefore, we investigated comparability of two measurement modalities (self monitoring and questionnaire) in a sample of 156 community dwelling older adults, both good and poor sleepers. Results indicate significant and high correlations between corresponding scores on a retrospective sleep questionnaire and on 7 days of self monitoring on a daily sleep diary, thereby suggesting that the two measurement modalities are tapping the same domains. There were, however, significant differences between means on several variables, but there was no systematic pattern to the differences. These findings illustrate the need to tailor measurement modality—retrospective or ongoing—to the setting and the purpose of the evaluation.     

The Impact of Purple-Flesh Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. “Shadow Queen” on Minor Health Complaints in Healthy Adults: A Randomized,Double-Blind,Placebo-Controlled Study

The purple-flesh potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar “Shadow Queen” (SQ) naturally contains anthocyanins. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study determines whether ingesting purple potatoes increases the number of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and improves stress response, a minor health complaint in healthy adults (registration number: UMIN000038876). A total of 15 healthy subjects (ages: 50–70 years) with minor health complaints were randomly assigned to one of two groups. For 8 weeks, the placebo group received placebo potatoes cv. “Haruka” and the test group received test potato cv. SQ containing 45 mg anthocyanin. The MSC count and several stress responses were analyzed at weeks 0 and 8 of the intake periods. The ingestion of a SQ potato did not affect the MSC count but markedly improved psychological stress response, irritability, and depression as minor health complaints compared with “Haruka”. No adverse effects were noted. Hence, an 8-week intake of SQ could improve stress responses.