直肠Ca男性患者手术病人麻醉后插尿管的临床观察

目的观察直肠Ca男性患者手术麻醉后插尿管对患者的好处。方法对92例直肠Ca手术男性患者随机分成实验组及对照组进行麻醉后插尿管及常规术前1小时插尿管做法对比。结果直肠Ca手术男性患者选择麻醉后插尿管更优于术前1小时常规插尿管,成功率更高。结论直肠Ca男性患者手术采用麻醉后插尿管值得推广采用。     

Systemic effects of two nasally administered glucocorticosteroids

Two topical corticosteroids, budesonide (BUD) and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), both administered as suspensions in water, were investigated in healthy volunteers regarding influence on cortisol in plasma and urine (U-cortisol) after nasal application. In the first study, single doses of 200, 400, and 800 μg of BDP and BUD were given at 10:00 pm. In the second study, 100, 200, and 400 μg were given mornings and evenings for 4 days. In the single-dose study, none of the drugs or doses showed any significant influence on cortisol in plasma. However, U-cortisol decreased significantly after BUD 400 and 800 μg. In the multidose study, U-cortisol values were significantly reduced after all doses of BUD and the highest dose of BDP. The compounds tested showed different ability to cause measurable systemic effects after nasal application. The clinical implication is that the prescriber, when choosing a compound, should take the application site into consideration and should also be encouraged to find the lowest effective dose.     

Triton X-100存在下分光光度法快速测定尿锌

尿样中加入Triton X-100后,在尿蛋白和其它物质存在下可用可见分光光度法直接而快速地测定尿锌.该法比目前其它方法更简便,尤其适合于临床快速分析.经40例正常人尿锌含量分析,结果((?)±s)为0.789±0.256μg/ml,与文献值基本一致.     

Day-Night Variation of Urine Volume in Parkinson's Disease

Abstract: Studies on the circadian rhythm of urine excretion in healthy men have demonstrated that the maximal urine flow occurs in the early afternoon and the minimal around midnight. In this study, an abnormality in the variation of urine volume was found in parkinsonian patients. Urine samples were collected during daytime (9:00–21:00) and nighttime (21:00–9:00). Fifteen healthy control subjects were examined and found to excrete 60% during the daytime and 40% during the nighttime of the total urine volume. Sixteen parkinsonian patients excreted 43% during the daytime and 57% during the nighttime. In contrast to the control subjects, the parkinsonian patients excreted a smaller volume of their urine during the daytime than during the nighttime. This finding might be related to the degeneration of dopaminergic and/or nondopaminergic neurons in the brain which control urinary excretion.     

腹腔镜下肾蒂淋巴管剥脱结扎术(附14例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜下肾蒂淋巴管剥脱术治疗乳糜尿的效果。方法:对乳糜尿14例行腹腔镜下肾蒂淋巴管剥脱结扎术。结果:所有手术均获成功,平均手术时间120m in(90~180m in),平均术中出血量50m l(30~80m l),术后平均住院时间5d。随访术后1年乳糜试验阴性。结论:腹腔镜下肾蒂淋巴管剥脱结扎术,效果确切,患者损伤小、康复快,尤其适于保守治疗无效的病例,可完全替代传统开放肾蒂淋巴管剥脱结扎术。     

Inhibition of Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate (COM) crystal growth by pyrophosphate,citrate and rat urine

Summary An assay system for the measurement of the rate of Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate (COM) seed crystal growth in a metastable solution of calcium chloride and sodium oxalate containing traces of ¹⁴C-oxalic acid was used to assess the inhibitory activity of pyrophosphate (10^–5 M-10^–4 M), citrate (10^–4 M-10^–3 M) and urines of normal and pyridoxine deficient rats. Both pyrophosphate and citrate were strong inhibitors of COM crystal growth and caused a 50% decrease in crystal growth rate at 1.50×10^–5 M and 2.85×10^–4 M respectively. Normal rat urine strongly inhibited the COM crystal growth, while pyridoxine deficient animals showed a significant (p< 0.01) decrease in mean inhibitory activity as compared to pair-fed controls. A lowered urinary inhibitory potential accompanied with hyperoxaluria and hypercalciuria, which is known to be associated with pyridoxine deficiency, may be a contributory risk of calcium oxalate crystallization and stone formation.     

Continence interval in elderly incontinent men

Urinary incontinence is a serious management problem among elderly patients. The care and management of chronic care patients is more difficult in those having urinary incontinence. The level of care required is dependent on both the continence and incontinence behavior of the patient. The continence behavior in this study is presented as the time interval between episodes of involuntary urine loss. The continence interval in elderly inpatient men having severe incontinence was found to be significantly longer in patients having a larger measured cystometric bladder capacity as well as in patients having greater independence in activities of daily living. Significant variability in the continence interval was measured for each patient over a wide range of continence intervals and resulted in an irregular pattern of time between episodes of incontinence. The irregular continence intervals suggest an instability of the central nervous system sensory-motor regulatory mechanism of bladder control in the elderly.     

Assessment of changes in 1-second forced expiratory volume in bronchial provocation testing

The question of whether functional residual capacity (FRC) falls in infants during active sleep has been clouded by studies using different subject groups and techniques for measurements of lung volume and determination of sleep state. Twenty healthy full-term infants within the first week of life participated in the present study. Neurophysiological and behavioral criteria were used to define sleep state, and measurements of FRC were made using a specially constructed closed-circuit helium dilution system. Regularity of respiration was recorded using magnetometers on the chest and a modified respirator monitor. Results showed that no significant changes in FRC occurred, related either to sleep state or to regularity of respiration. In addition, we failed to detect any differences in FRC between the sexes. Pediatr Pilmonol. 1989; 7:71–77 .     

高效液相色谱法测定肺癌患者尿中假尿嘧啶核苷和肌苷量比值

目的：通过检测肺癌患者尿液中假尿嘧啶核苷和肌苷量比值，探讨其在肺癌诊断中的应用价值。方法：肺癌患者、肺良性疾病及对照组各50例，分别收集其晨起空腹尿液，离心过滤后利用高效液相色谱法同时检测假嘧啶苷及肌苷，计算假尿嘧嘧与肌苷量比值。结果：肺癌患者中尿液中n（假尿嘧啶核苷/n（肌苷）比值有明显升高，与正常人比较差异有统计学意义，但肺良性疾病组与正常组和肺癌组比较，差异无统计学意义。结论：假尿嘧啶核苷对肺癌诊断并非特异性肿瘤标志物，但可以作为肺癌早期诊断的一种辅助指标。     

Urine as an alternative to urethral swabs for the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis in infertile males

Swabbing the urethrae of men has been the traditional approach for collecting specimens for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis . Recently, however, urine testing using enzyme immunoassay has yielded promising results. A total of 105 patients attending the Andrology Clinic at Ga Rankuwa Hospital, Medunsa were included in the study. These patients were asymptomatic and had no urethral discharge. Three endo-urethral swabs and first-catch urine were collected fiom each patient. The urethral swabs were used for enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (IDEIA 111), tissue culture and direct immonufluorescent antibody (DFA) test (IMAGEN) to detect C. trachomatis . In addition about 15–30 ml of first-catch urine, or urine collected at least 2h after the previous micturition, was collected for each patient for EIA testing. Fifteen (14.3%) of 105 patients were positive on urethral swab EIA, in comparison with the DFA test in which 14 (13.3%) were positive. Eight (7.8%) were positive in tissue culture. Urine EIA was positive in 17 (16.2%) patients, of whom five (4.8%) were positive in urine EIA only. All EIA positive urines were confirmed by DFA. We recommend that first-catch urine or urine collected at least 2h after the previous micturition in infertile males may be considered a suitable alternative to urethral swab for chlamydial diagnosis because it is noninvasive and nontraumatic.