五种补益方对环磷酰胺造模小鼠骨髓、胸腺细胞周期的影响

目的：研究六味地黄汤等五种补益方对环磷酰胺造模小鼠骨髓、胸腺细胞周期的影响。方法：采用流式细胞术检测细胞周期，结果：五种补益方向能拮抗环磷酰胺引起的骨髓，胸腺细胞增殖抑制，结论：六味地黄汤等五种补益方能拮抗环磷酰胺引起的免疫抑制，有望用于临床辅助化疗。     

银杏外种皮多糖对免疫功能低下小鼠IL—2活性及sIL—2R的影响

目的：观测银杏外种皮多糖对免疫功能低下小鼠IL－2活性及sIL-2R的影响。方法：用银杏外种皮多糖给荷瘤小鼠及环磷酰胺损伤小鼠灌胃治疗,分别检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞IL－2活性及血清sIL-2含量。结果：银杏外种皮多糖可促进荷瘤小鼠及CTX损伤小鼠脾淋巴细胞的IL－2活性,并减少其血清sIL-2R的形成。结论：银杏外种皮多糖可促进荷瘤小鼠及CTX损伤小鼠的免疫功能。     

多西他赛联合表柔比星、环磷酰胺治疗转移性乳腺癌的临床观察

目的：观察多西他赛联合表柔比星、环磷酰胺治疗转移性乳腺癌的临床疗效及不良反应。方法：回顾性分析40例转移性乳腺癌患者的化疗资料,采用国产多西他赛75mg/m2,表柔比星70-90mg/m2静脉滴注,环磷酰胺500mg/m2每3周1次。观察每次化疗后的不良反应,完成4个疗程后观察疗效。结果：全部病例均按计划完成4个周期的化疗。完全缓解（CR）3例,部分缓解（PR）20例,稳定（SD）12例,进展（PD）5例。总有效率（CR＋PR）为57.5%,控制率（CR＋PR＋SD）87.5%。主要不良反应为中性粒细胞减少、恶心、呕吐、腹泻等。结论：多西他赛联合表柔比星、环磷酰胺治疗转移性乳腺癌临床疗效较好,不良反应患者可以耐受。     

Addition of bortezomib to high-dose cyclophosphamide therapy as a conditioning regimen for autologous peripheral blood stem cell harvest leads to an increased yield of hematopoietic stem cells

Peripheral blood stem cell harvest (PBSCH) is a crucial procedure for autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma. We herein report a retrospective study to verify the usefulness of bortezomib and high-dose cyclophosphamide therapy (Bor-HDCY) as a conditioning regimen for PBSCH. Thirty-three patients were evaluated. The median age at the first apheresis was 61 (interquartile range, 53–64) years old, and 18 (54.5%) patients were male. Bor-HDCY was performed in 15 patients, and HDCY was performed in 18. In the patients who underwent Bor-HDCY, the CD34⁺ cell count at the first apheresis was significantly higher than in the others (P<0.01), and the total CD34⁺ cell count also tended to be high (P=0.0933). In terms of apheresis days, two-thirds of the patients who underwent HDCY had two-day apheresis, whereas most who underwent Bor-HDCY had one-day apheresis. According to univariate analysis, Bor-HDCY (P<0.01), VRd (Bor, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone) as induction therapy (P=0.0529), and ≥VGPR before PBSCH (P=0.0767) were factors associated with a higher CD34⁺ cell count at first apheresis. Although multivariate analysis showed that there were no independently significant factors influencing the CD34⁺ cell count at the first apheresis, the stepwise selection method revealed that only the Bor-HDCY regimen remained in the final model (P<0.005). Bor-HDCY may be a useful conditioning regimen for increasing the CD34⁺ cell yield.     

荞麦花叶提取物对S180荷瘤小鼠的辅助治疗作用

目的:研究荞麦花叶提取物(extraction of buckwheat flower and leaf,EBFL)对肿瘤的辅助治疗作用,并探讨其可能的机制。方法:建立小鼠S180肿瘤模型;分别ig荞麦花叶提取物200,400 mg.kg-1及与环磷酰胺(CTX)联合给药14 d,实验重复3次。测定荷瘤小鼠的生存期、肿瘤抑制率、白细胞计数、胸腺指数、脾指数,同时测定荷瘤小鼠血清中白细胞介素-2(IL-2),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平。结果:与模型组相比,EBFL对肿瘤抑制作用不明显,但可使荷瘤小鼠生存期明显延长,25 d生存率以CTX+EBFL-H组最高(35%),其次是EBFL-H(25%)和EBFL-L(20%);与CTX阳性对照组比较,EBFL能明显抑制CTX所致白细胞数量减少及免疫器官指数降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);EBFL可提高IL-2水平,但对TNF-α水平无影响。结论:EBFL可改善荷瘤小鼠生存质量,延长生存期,减轻CTX的毒性,其机制可能是通过提高机体免疫力实现的。     

君子扶正汤对环磷酰胺的增效减毒作用

目的:探讨君子扶正汤(JD)对化疗药物环磷酰胺(CTX)抗肿瘤的增效减毒作用。方法:建立小鼠前胃癌细胞(MFC)荷瘤鼠模型后,随机分为5组,即阴性对照(生理盐水)组、阳性对照(CTX)组(30 mg·kg-1)、JD(高、中、低剂量组)+CTX组(20,10,5 g·kg-1,CTX 30 mg·kg-1),每组10只,给药10 d,观察抑瘤率及各项免疫功能指标的变化。结果:JD+CTX各组肿瘤生长明显低于阴性对照组(P<0.01),JD高、中剂量+CTX组肿瘤生长低于CTX组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。JD高剂量+CTX组与CTX组相比,脾指数、T淋巴细胞增殖能力和胸腺指数、NK细胞活性降低明显升高(P<0.01,P<0.05)。JD高、中剂量+CTX组与CTX组相比,外周血白细胞和骨髓有核细胞计数明显升高(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:JD对化疗药物环磷酰胺抗小鼠MFC胃癌具有增效减毒的作用。     

Immunomodulatory activity of Asparagus racemosus on systemic Th1/Th2 immunity: Implications for immunoadjuvant potential

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Roots of Asparagus racemosus Willd (Shatavari in vernacular) are widely used in Ayurveda as Rasayana for immunostimulation, galactogogue as also in treatment of conditions like ulcers and cancer. Various studies have indicated immunomodulatory properties of Shatavari root extracts and formulations.

Aim of the study

To study the effect of standardized Asparagus racemosus root aqueous extract (ARE) on systemic Th1/Th2 immunity of SRBC sensitized animals.

Materials and methods

We used HPTLC to quantify steroidal saponins (Shatavarin IV, Immunoside^®) and flow cytometry to study effects of ARE on Th1/Th2 immunity. SRBC specific antibody titres and DTH responses were also monitored as markers of Th2 and Th1 responses, respectively. We also studied lymphocyte proliferation. Cyclosporin, cyclophosphamide and levamisole were used as controls.

Results

Treatment with ARE (100 mg/(kg b.w. p.o.)) resulted in significant increase of CD3⁺ and CD4/CD8⁺ percentages suggesting its effect on T cell activation. ARE treated animals showed significant up-regulation of Th1 (IL-2, IFN-g) and Th2 (IL-4) cytokines suggesting its mixed Th1/Th2 adjuvant activity. Consistent to this, ARE also showed higher antibody titres and DTH responses. ARE, in combination with LPS, Con A or SRBC, produced a significant proliferation suggesting effect on activated lymphocytes.

Conclusion

The study suggests mixed Th1/Th2 activity of ARE supports its immunoadjuvant potential.     

牛磺酸对化疗后S_(180)荷瘤小鼠增效减毒作用的研究

目的研究牛磺酸对环磷酰胺化疗后S180荷瘤小鼠的增效减毒作用。方法取健康昆明小鼠50只,将S180肿瘤细胞种植于小鼠右腋窝皮下,建立移植性肿瘤模型。实验分为五组。腹腔注射给药,每日1次,连续8 d。观察不同剂量牛磺酸(Tau)与环磷酰胺(CTX)联合用药的抑瘤率;脾指数和胸腺指数;检测骨髓有核细胞数和外周血白细胞数;MTT法检测NK细胞杀伤活性和脾淋巴细胞增殖活性。结果与模型组比较,CTX组抑瘤率为56.65%,CTX+Tau低、中、高剂量组小鼠的抑瘤率分别为60.10%,72.41%,86.70%,有统计学意义(P<0.01);与CTX组比较,CTX+Tau各剂量组外周血白细胞数,骨髓有核细胞数,脾指数,胸腺指数,NK细胞活性,淋巴细胞增殖活性增高。尤其是CTX+Tau中、高剂量组作用显著(P<0.05)。结论牛磺酸与环磷酰胺联合用药具有增效减毒作用。     

复方鲨鱼软骨素胶囊抑瘤作用实验研究

目的：研究复方鲨鱼软骨素胶囊的抗癌效果。方法：采用小鼠移植性肉瘤180（S180）、艾氏腹水瘤（EAC）和腹水型肝癌22（H22）实体瘤模型的抑瘤试验,复方鲨鱼软骨素于接种前6天给予,在接种S180和H22肝实体瘤的小鼠中连用20天,在接种EAC小鼠中则连用50天。结果：本品在1－3g.kg^-1.d^-1剂量范围内23．2％－50．0％。结论：本品对荷瘤小鼠具有明显剂量依赖式的抑瘤作用。     

利妥昔单抗联合CHOP方案治疗弥漫大B细胞性淋巴瘤的多中心临床研究

目的:观察利妥昔单抗联合环磷酰胺、长春新碱、多柔比星及泼尼松(CHOP方案)治疗新诊断的弥漫性大B细胞性淋巴瘤(DLBL)的临床疗效. 方法:2002年4月至2003年2月,共52例病人进入本研究.化疗采用标准的CHOP方案:d 1,环磷酰胺600 mg·m-2,长春新碱1.4 mg·m-2,多柔比星25 mg·m-2,泼尼松60 mg·m-2×5 d,每3 wk一个疗程,共6个疗程.利妥昔单抗静脉滴注剂量为375 mg·m-2,于化疗第一个疗程前2 d开始,每周输注1次(连续输注),连续4次(标准剂量)或6次(增强剂量);或于每疗程的CHOP方案化疗前2 d输注,每3周1次(间隔输注),输注4次(标准剂量)或6次(增强剂量).结果:50例病人进入临床疗效评估, 60 %获得完全缓解,总有效率为 100 %.其中,34例Ann Arbor分期为Ⅲ期或Ⅳ期的病人有15例获得完全缓解,完全缓解率为44 %.50例病人共随访了(8±s 5) wk, 2～30 wk,病人16 wk的无病生存(PFS)率为87 %.标准剂量组和增强剂量组疗效无显著差异,连续输注和间隔输注疗效差异亦无显著意义(P>0.05).所有病人在治疗过程中对本方案均能较好耐受,主要的不良反应为输注相关的不良反应(32 %)和化疗相关的血液学不良反应(20 %). 结论:利妥昔单抗联合CHOP方案可有效用于治疗新诊断的弥漫性大B细胞性淋巴瘤,它具有较高的完全缓解率,而且在治疗中不良反应较小.