早产儿T淋巴细胞凋亡特性的初步观察

目的　探讨早产儿 T淋巴细胞凋亡特性及其影响因素。　方法　以健康足月新生儿(30例 )为对照组 ,采用凋亡细胞计数和片段 DNA分析技术观察早产儿 (19例 ) T淋巴细胞凋亡特性 ;免疫荧光法测定 T淋巴细胞 CD2 5和 CD38表达率 ;EL ISA法测定培养上清液中白细胞介素 2(IL- 2 )和白细胞介素 6 (IL- 6 )含量。　结果　早产儿组 T淋巴细胞经 p HA刺激培养 2 4、48h其凋亡率分别为 (2 7.2± 2 .7) % ,(34.8± 3.9) % ,显著高于足月儿组 (2 1.1± 1.4) % ,(2 7.9± 2 .3) % (t=10 .5 47、7.789,P<0 .0 1) ,且与胎龄皆呈显著负相关 (r=- 0 .5 1,- 0 .5 2 ,P<0 .0 5 )。两组新生儿 T淋巴细胞培养 48h时凋亡率与 CD38表达率皆呈正相关 (早产儿 r=0 .70 ,足月儿 r=0 .77,P<0 .0 1) ,而与 CD2 5表达率皆呈负相关 (早产儿 r=- 0 .6 2 ,足月儿 r=- 0 .88,P<0 .0 1)。早产儿组培养 48h上清液中 IL- 2和 IL- 6含量 [分别为 (6 5 5± 2 0 2 ) ng/ L,(486± 2 0 5 ) ng/ L],明显低于足月儿组 [分别为 (1371± 5 5 4) ng/ L,(849± 12 3) ng/ L](t=5 .40 1,7.749,P<0 .0 1) ;其中 IL- 6产生水平与 T淋巴细胞凋亡率呈明显负相关 (r=- 0 .45 ,P<0 .0 5 )。　结论　凋亡过剩是新生儿 ,尤其早产儿 T淋巴细胞功能不成熟的特征之一     

五十营针刺疗法治疗虚证的机理探讨

目的：探讨“五十营针刺疗法”治疗虚证的病理机制。方法：将55例虚证患者按中医临床辩证分为气虚、阴虚湿阻2型，用五十营针刺疗法治疗。观察治疗前后免疫球蛋白、T淋巴细胞亚群、血清可溶性白细胞介素－2受体、白细胞介素－6等变化。结果：治疗后T淋巴 细胞亚群均明显升高，而比值降低，SIL－2R明显降低，气虚型免疫球蛋白升高。结论：五十营针刺疗法治疗虚证，通过调节T淋巴细胞亚群、免疫球蛋白，减少了SIL－2R，改善了免疫功能。     

HIV-1tat induced apoptosis of T-cells is not mediated by TGF-β

Recent reports have demonstrated that the HIV-1 transactivator protein,tat, induces apoptosis in T-lymphocyte cell lines, as well as in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and stimulates a cascade of events resulting in up-regulation of the potent immunosuppressive cytokine, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). In this study we evaluated the ability of TGF-β to mediatetat induced apoptosis in T-lymphocyte cell lines. T-cells treated exogenously with either TGF-β1 or a combination of tat and pan-specific TGF-β neutralizing antibodies showed little change in the amount of apoptosis. When treated with pan-specific TGF-β neutralizing antibodies, Jurkat cells that stably expresstat protein (Jurkat-tat) showed only a modest decrease in apoptosis, while CEM-TART cells (CEM T-cells expressing both HIV-1tat andrev) demonstrated little change in the amount of apoptosis. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that TGF-β does not play a significant role in mediatingtat induced T-cell apoptosis.     

慢性肾功能衰竭患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化的观察

检测３０例慢性肾功能衰竭患者外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群的变化。结果显示：ＣＲＦ患者Ｔ淋巴细胞总数（ＣＤ３）、辅助性Ｔ细胞（ＣＤ４）、ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８明显低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４与ＢＵＮ、ＳＣｒ呈负相关，抑制性Ｔ细胞（ＣＤ８）与ＢＵＮ、ＳＣｒ呈正相关。提示ＣＲＦ患者细胞免疫功能低下；Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群的变化可作为肾功能状况的指标。     

Effect of a highly purified factor from the thymus on cellular and humoral indices of immunity in thymectomized mice

In experiments on thymectomized adult CBA mice the effect of a homogeneous factor of polypeptide nature from the thymus, with mol. wt. about 5000 (thymarin-III) on the cellular and humoral indices of immunity was studied in animals. Thymectomy in animals was shown to sharply reduce the number of T-cells in the spleen. Correspondingly, the ability of the mice to produce both IgM- and IgG-antibody-forming cells and humoral antibodies against a thymus-dependent antigen (sheep's red blood cells) was sharply inhibited in the mice. Subcutaneous injection of thymarin-III in a dose of 1 g/kg into the animals daily for 7 days completely restored the T-cell population of the spleen and restored the normal immunologic reactivity of the animals.Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. I. Ioffe.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 86, No. 7, pp. 51–53, July, 1978.     

维生素A对脐血树突状细胞分化与成熟及其功能的影响

目的　研究维生素A在体内的代谢活性产物视黄酸 (retinoicacid ,RA)对树突状细胞(dendriticcells ,DC)分化、成熟及功能的影响 ,进一步探索维生素A对免疫功能调节的机理。方法　取健康足月儿脐血 9份分离单个核细胞后 ,进行体外培养诱导DC的同时加入生理浓度的RA ,采用流式细胞仪检测DC的表面分子CD1a、CD83、HLR DR以判断RA对DC分化、成熟的影响 ;混合淋巴反应的强度观测RA对DC抗原递呈功能的作用 ;荧光定量PCR法检测细胞因子IL 12p35、IL 12p4 0、IFN γ(Th1)、IL 4、IL 10 (Th2 )mRNA转录水平 ,分析RA对DC诱导Th细胞分化的影响。结果　培养第 6天RA使DC数量显著下降 (P <0 0 0 1) ,培养第 9天 ,DC总数相仿 ,但RA处理后不成熟DC百分比增高 ,而成熟DC百分比降低 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 0 1) ;DC混合淋巴反应的cpm值降低2 9 4 % (P <0 0 0 1)。细胞因子IL 12、IFN γmRNA下降 ,而IL 4、IL 10的mRNA水平升高 ,差异均具有显著意义。结论　维生素A延迟体外培养的脐血单个核细胞向DC的分化和成熟 ,且降低其混合淋巴细胞反应的能力 ,减少Th1细胞因子的产生而增加Th2细胞因子的产生 ,使免疫反应向Th2方向偏移。     

细胞毒T淋巴细胞相关抗原4免疫球蛋白抑制鼠高危角膜移植免疫排斥反应的实验研究

目的　探讨细胞毒T淋巴细胞相关抗原 4免疫球蛋白 (CTLA4 Ig)对小鼠高危角膜移植免疫排斥反应的抑制作用及局部抗免疫排斥反应机制。方法　建立 5 0只BALB/c小鼠穿透性角膜移植动物模型。治疗组 (2 5只 ) :取C5 7BL/ 6小鼠角膜片 ,放置于 10 μg/mlCTLA4 Ig保存液中浸泡 2 4h后 ,移植到BALB/c小鼠。对照组 (2 5只 ) :植片不行任何处理。术后每 3d用裂隙灯显微镜检查植片情况 ,每周应用组织学和免疫组织化学方法检测植片中各种炎性细胞和淋巴细胞的变化。对出现排斥反应的角膜植片应用逆转录PCR(RT PCR)方法检测部分细胞因子的表达。另外 ,选择经CTLA4 Ig治疗、植片保持透明 6周以上的小鼠作为受体 ,接受来自C5 7BL/ 6小鼠皮肤的移植 ,当移植皮肤发生排斥时 ,进行迟发性超敏反应 (DTH)分析。结果　CTLA4 Ig治疗组角膜植片保持透明 >10 0d。对照组小鼠术后 14d内均发生免疫排斥反应。组织病理学检查显示 ,角膜移植术后 2周 ,CTLA4 Ig治疗组植片保持正常细胞结构 ,无明显炎性细胞和T淋巴细胞浸润 ;对照组的排斥植片有大量炎性细胞和T淋巴细胞浸润 (包括CD 4 ,CD 8及CD 11细胞 )。术后 2周发生免疫排斥的角膜植片中检测到白细胞介素 10 (IL 10 ) ,肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF α) ,γ干扰素 (IFN γ) ,B7及C     

Glomerular CD8+ cells predict progression of childhood IgA nephropathy

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the infiltrating T-lymphocyte can be a predictor in the disease progression of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Twenty children with IgAN, followed for more than 5 years, were divided into progressive (n=5) and non-progressive groups (n=15). We assessed glomerular and interstitial infiltration of T-lymphocytes (CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells) and expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor- β (TGF- β) using an indirect immunofluorescence method on the renal biopsies. We analyzed their relationship to the degree of proteinuria, histological changes, and prognosis. The number of CD8⁺ cells in glomeruli and in interstitium was higher in the progressive group than in the non-progressive group. The glomerular α-SMA staining was more intensive in the progressive group than in the non-progressive group. Urinary protein and the degree of histological changes were also higher in the progressive group than in the non-progressive group. Among these markers, the number of glomerular CD8⁺ cells was the most apparent difference between the two groups. In conclusion, these results indicate that the number of glomerular CD8⁺ cells is the most sensitive predictor of disease progression in childhood IgAN. Received: 20 June 2000 / Revised: 7 February 2001 / Accepted: 8 February 2001     

Mast cells and T-lymphocytes in juvenile angiofibromas

Juvenile angiofibroma (JA) is regarded as a benign fibrovascular tumour of unknown aetiology. Due to its fibrovascular architecture the fibrous and vascular tumour component have been in the focus of most studies. This investigation aimed at characterizing inflammatory cells in JAs by immunohistochemical stainings and western blot analysis. Number and type of mast cells as well as T-lymphocytes were evaluated in a series of 10 JAs and 5 nasal mucosa (NM) specimens used as control tissue. A remarkable number of mast cells were found in JAs (14.6% of all cells). By using a combination of the mast cell markers tryptase and chymase three distinct mast cell populations could be identified: 12% expressed tryptase (T+) only, 3% stained for chymase (C+) only, and 85% were positive for both tryptase and chymase (TC+). Western blot analysis supported finding of remarkable expression of the mast cell markers tryptase and chymase in JAs and indicated for both proteins similar but also different molecular weights than being observed in NM. Furthermore an infiltration of the tumour by CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes (15.4% of all cells) was evident in immunofluorescent stainings. Compared to NM, a significantly higher number of TC+ (6.9% in JAs versus 2.7% in NM) and CD8-postive (9.7% in JAs versus 5.8% in NM) cells were found in the tumour tissue. Thus, mast cells and T-lymphocytes were identified as predominant cell types in JAs representing 30% of the cells in the tumour specimens analysed. Regarding these observations JAs are certainly not only built up by vascular cells and fibrous stroma cells. High rates of inflammatory cells like mast cells and T-lymphocytes have to be considered in this tumour.     

血液灌流联合血液透析对急性重症胰腺炎患者抑制性T细胞的影响

目的探讨血液灌流联合血液透析对急性重症胰腺炎(SAP)患者CD8+CD28-抑制性T细胞亚群以及炎性指标的影响。方法收集SAP患者40例,随机分为观察组及对照组各20例,均予常规治疗,观察组在此基础上给予血液灌流联合血液透析。比较治疗前后CD8+CD28-抑制性T细胞及其胞内细胞因子白介素10(IL-10)及转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)的水平变化,同时观察炎性物质的水平变化及临床指标的转归。结果治疗前两组各观察指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后观察组的CD8+CD28-抑制性T细胞、IL-10、TGF-β1百分含量均较对照组明显升高,而淀粉酶(AMS)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组腹痛消失时间、腹胀消失时间、肠蠕动恢复时间以及住院时间较对照组均明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CD8+CD28-抑制性T细胞、IL-10及TGF-β1与AMS、CRP、TNF-α、腹痛消失时间、腹胀消失时间、肠蠕动恢复时间、住院时间均呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论血液灌流联合血液透析治疗SAP临床疗效肯定,且可有效提高CD8+CD28-抑制性T细胞亚群含量,而CD8+CD28-抑制T细胞是SAP的一个保护性免疫指标,能有效降低炎症物质的水平。