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81.
82.
Putney JW 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》2005,451(1):29-34
TRPC (canonical transient receptor potential) channels are vertebrate homologs of the Drosophila photoreceptor channel, TRP. Considerable research has been brought to bear on the seven members of this family, especially with regard to their possible role in calcium entry. Unfortunately, the current literature presents a confusing picture, with different laboratories producing widely differing results and interpretations. It appears that ectopically expressed TRPC channels can be activated by phospholipase C products (generally, diacylglycerols), by stimulation of trafficking to the plasma membrane, or by depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores. Here, I discuss the possibility that these diverse experimental findings arise because TRPC channels can, under both experimental as well as physiological conditions, be activated in three distinct ways, possibly depending on their subunit composition and/or signaling complex environment. The TRPCs may be unique among ion-channel subunit families in being able to participate in the assembly and function of multiple types of physiologically important ion channels. 相似文献
83.
目的:在钙化大鼠主动脉血管平滑肌细胞上观察血管紧张素-(1-7)[Angiotensin-(1-7)]对钙化的影响及其信号通道。方法:用β-磷酸甘油制备钙化的大鼠血管平滑肌细胞,再以血管紧张素-(1-7)、血管紧张素Ⅱ、血管紧张素Ⅱ 血管紧张素-(1-7)、选择性蛋白激酶A(PKA)或蛋白激酶C(PKC)抑制剂等干预,通过Von Kossa染色及检测钙含量、碱性磷酸酶活性、骨钙素浓度和Cbfa1 mRNA表达来探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ对钙化的影响及其信号通道。结果:血管紧张素-(1-7)抑制钙化大鼠血管平滑肌细胞的钙含量、碱性磷酸酶活性(P>0.05)、骨钙素浓度和Cbfa1 mRNA表达(P<0.05),也抑制血管紧张素Ⅱ对血管平滑肌细胞的钙含量、碱性磷酸酶活性、骨钙素浓度和Cbfa1 mRNA表达的促进作用(P<0.05);血管紧张素-(1-7)提高血管平滑肌细胞内cAMP浓度(P<0.05),PKA抑制剂可阻断血管紧张素-(1-7)对钙化血管平滑肌细胞的钙含量、碱性磷酸酶活性、骨钙素浓度和Cbfa1 mRNA表达的抑制作用(P<0.05)。结论:血管紧张素-(1-7)可抑制β-磷酸甘油诱导的血管平滑肌细胞钙化,并拮抗血管紧张素Ⅱ促进的血管平滑肌细胞钙化;这些效应与cAMP-PKA-Cbfa1信号途径有关。 相似文献
84.
Gaëlle Dzangué-Tchoupou Kuberaka Mariampillai Loïs Bolko Damien Amelin Wladimir Mauhin Aurélien Corneau Catherine Blanc Yves Allenbach Olivier Benveniste 《Autoimmunity reviews》2019,18(4):325-333
Background
Myositis is a heterogeneous group of muscular auto-immune diseases with clinical and pathological criteria that allow the classification of patients into different sub-groups. Inclusion body myositis is the most frequent myositis above fifty years of age. Diagnosing inclusion body myositis requires expertise and is challenging. Little is known concerning the pathogenic mechanisms of this disease in which conventional suppressive-immune therapies are inefficacious.Objectives
Our aim was to deepen our understanding of the immune mechanisms involved in inclusion body myositis and identify specific biomarkers.Methods
Using a panel of thirty-six markers and mass cytometry, we performed deep immune profiling of peripheral blood cells from inclusion body myositis patients and healthy donors, divided into two cohorts: test and validation cohorts. Potential biomarkers were compared to myositis controls (anti-Jo1-, anti-3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase-, and anti-signal recognition particle-positive patients).Results
Unsupervised analyses revealed substantial changes only within CD8+ cells. We observed an increase in the frequency of CD8+ cells that expressed high levels of T-bet, and containing mainly both effector and terminally differentiated memory cells. The senescent marker CD57 was overexpressed in CD8+T-bet+ cells of inclusion body myositis patients. As expected, senescent CD8+T-bet+ CD57+ cells of both patients and healthy donors were CD28nullCD27nullCD127null. Surprisingly, non-senescent CD8+T-bet+ CD57- cells in inclusion body myositis patients expressed lower levels of CD28, CD27, and CD127, and expressed higher levels of CD38 and HLA-DR compared to healthy donors. Using classification and regression trees alongside receiver operating characteristics curves, we identified and validated a frequency of CD8+T-bet+ cells >51.5% as a diagnostic biomarker specific to inclusion body myositis, compared to myositis control patients, with a sensitivity of 94.4%, a specificity of 88.5%, and an area under the curve of 0.97.Conclusion
Using a panel of thirty-six markers by mass cytometry, we identify an activated cell population (CD8+T-bet+ CD57- CD28lowCD27lowCD127low CD38+ HLA-DR+) which could play a role in the physiopathology of inclusion body myositis, and identify CD8+T-bet+ cells as a predominant biomarker of this disease. 相似文献85.
A 1.0-kb DNA fragment, corresponding to an internal region of the Neurospora crassa glucoamylase gene, gla-1, was generated from genomic DNA by the polymerase chain reaction, using oligonucleotide primers which had been deduced from the known N-terminal amino-acid sequence or from consensus regions within the aligned amino-acid sequences of other fungal glucoamylases. The fragment was used to screen an N. crassa genomic DNA library. One clone contained the gene together with flanking regions and its sequence was determined. The gene was found to code for a preproprotein of 626 amino acids, 35 of which constitute a signal and propeptide region. The protein and the gene are compared with corresponding sequences in other fungi. 相似文献
86.
87.
Interleukin-2 (IL-2), secreted principally by activated helper T-cells, plays a pivotal role in the generation and regulation
of the immune response. The various biologic functions of IL-2 have been the focus of intensive study over the years and have
been well worked out. By contrast, an understanding of the intracellular signals coupled to the IL-2 receptor and responsible
for mediating IL-2 effects in T-cells is far less developed, and the role that protein kinase C (PKC) may play in the various
cellular responses to IL-2 receptor activation is unclear. In this article we will discuss IL-2, its receptors, and IL-2 signal
transduction in relation to the physiological roles PKC activation may play in IL-2-mediated activation of T-cells and other
hematopoietic cells. 相似文献
88.
Masahiro Fujita Shoichi Shimada Kazuki Fukuchi Masaya Tohyama Tsunehiko Nishimura 《Journal of chemical neuroanatomy》1994,7(1-2)
The distribution of binding sites of [125I]RTI-55 (3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropan-2β-carboxylic acid methyl ester), a phenyl tropane analog of cocaine, and the selective labelling of the dopamine transporter (DAT) were studied by in vitro and ex vivo autoradiography in the rat whole brain. Recent evidence has shown that RTI-55 binds to not only DAT but also serotonin transporter (5HTT). In the present study, in vitro autoradiography revealed that [125I]RTI-55 bound to the olfactory tubercle, the caudate putamen, the accumbens nucleus, the midline and lateral geniculate nuclei of the thalamus, the hypothalamic nuclei, the substantia nigra compact part, the subthalamic nucleus, the ventral tegmental area, the superior colliculus, the dorsal raphe nucleus, and the facial nucleus. Further, in the presence of clomipramine, a selective ligand for 5HTT, [125I]RTI-55 binding was remarkably inhibited in the midline and lateral geniculate nuclei of the thalamus, the hypothalamic nuclei, the superior colliculus, the dorsal raphe nucleus, and the facial nucleus, while [125I]RTI-55 binding remained in the olfactory tubercle, the caudate putamen, the accumbens nucleus, the substantia nigra compact part, the subthalamic nucleus, and the ventral tegmental area. These findings suggest that [125I]RTI-55 binds to 5HTT in the former areas and to DAT in the latter areas. It is therefore concluded that RTI-55 is a suitable ligand for studying the action of cocaine in whole brain regions, including the thalamus, the hypothalamus and the dorsal raphe nucleus, regions in which cocaine is thought to act evoking several neurological effects, e.g., analgesia and elevation of adrenocorticotropic hormone. DAT was also labelled selectively both in vitro and in vivo using [125I]RTI-55 combined with clomipramine. Therefore, radiolabelled RTI-55, combined with unlabelled clomipramine, which displaces its binding to 5HTT, also appears to be suitable for the selective imaging of DAT in vivo. 相似文献
89.
Variable Regions 1 and 2 (VR1 and VR2) in JSRV gag Are Not Responsible for the Endogenous JSRV Particle Release Defect 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) is a betaretrovirus causing ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma, a transmissible lung tumor of sheep. A very closely related endogenous retrovirus (enJSRV) occurs as 15 to 20 copies in the genome of all sheep, and is not known to be linked to pathogenesis. We previously localized a particle release defect of the full-length endogenous-derived expression construct pCMV2enJS56A1 to the amino-terminal region of gag that incorporates the two variable regions VR1 and VR2, which harbor the main sequence differences between endogenous and exogenous JSRV in this part of gag. Here, we tested the hypothesis that either or both of these variable regions are responsible for the observed particle release defect in enJS56A1. We found that the PPPPPPPS motif of the exogenous VR1 is neither necessary nor sufficient for particle release. Furthermore, the precise substitution of VR1 and VR2 in the exogenous JSRV expression plasmid pCMV2JS 21, using their enJS56A1-derived counterparts, did not abrogate the ability of the resulting constructs to release particles. The particle release defect of enJS56A1 is therefore not determined exclusively by either VR1 or VR2. These results point to a small number of amino acids lying outside of VR1 and VR2 that may be responsible for the particle defect of enJS56A1 Gag. 相似文献
90.
目的:了解分泌肽序列在HepG2细胞中对人内皮抑素基因(hEndostatin)的cDNA表达和分泌差异的影响。方法:构建不含hIL-2分泌肽序列的真核表达载体pBlast-hEndo质粒, 转染人的HepG2细胞株, 用RT-PCR的方法检测HepG2(pBlast-hIL2-hEndo), HepG2(pBlast-hEndo), HepG2(pBlast-Mcs)和HepG2中hEndostatin的mRNA表达水平, 及制备4种细胞的总蛋白和收集各自的培养上清, 进行Westernblot分析蛋白表达和分泌的差异。结果:发现HepG2(pBlast-hIL2-hEndo)中hEndostatin的mRNA的水平显著高于HepG2(pBlast-hEndo)。而仅在HepG2(pBlast-hIL-2-hEndo)的细胞总蛋白和上清, 及HepG2(pBlast-hEndo)的细胞总蛋白中检测到hEndostatin表达, 在其它各株细胞总蛋白及上清中, 未检测到hEndostatin。结论:hIL-2分泌肽序列能促进hEndostatin基因在HepG2细胞中表达及分泌。 相似文献