Retropenal abcess secondary to a ruptured retrocecal appendix diagnosed by ultrasound B scan and 67 Ga radionulide scan.

Standard roentgenographic criteria for anterior-posterior (AP) displacement of the kidney may not reveal small, uniformly distributed, perirenal masses. Ultrasound, on the other hand, is an axial display and thus is quite sensitive to such changes. A case of ruptured retrocecal appendix is presented in which the intravenous pyelogram was negative. In the sonogram, however, a slight separation was seen between the renal parenchyma and the posterior abdominal muscle wall. This led to further investigation and the diagnosis of an unsuspected retrorenal abscess.     

节细胞神经瘤的CT表现

目的　探讨节细胞神经瘤的特征性CT表现。材料与方法　对 11例经病理证实的节细胞神经瘤的CT表现进行回顾性分析。结果　 8例位于右侧肾上腺 ,3例位于腹膜后 ,3例中 1例同时合并双侧肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤。肿瘤最大直径 3～ 6cm ,平均4.4cm。呈椭圆形者 9例 ,2例呈圆形。肿瘤边界均清晰 ,无周围组织和血管侵犯征象。平扫呈均匀低密度 ,平均 2 7.8± 4.7HU ,内有点状钙化者 3例 ( 2 7% )。增强扫描有轻度强化 ,平均 3 6.3± 9.4HU。结论　节细胞神经瘤有一些特征性CT表现 ,但确诊仍依赖组织学检查。     

腹膜后腹腔镜肾切除术(附2例报告)

目的 探讨腹腔镜在肾切除手术中的应用。方法 采用腹腔镜技术经腹膜后途径行单纯肾切除和根治性肾切除手术各1例。结果 本组2例手术均获成功，肾切除手术时间分别为4h及4．5h，平均术中出血量为150ml，l例术后输红细胞2u，术后6—8d出院，无明显手术并发症。结论 经腹膜后途径腹腔镜肾切除具有损伤小、术后恢复快和住院时间短等优点，有良好的临床应用前景。     

Mature Teratoma in a Supernumerary Ovary in a Child: Report of the First Case

BackgroundSupernumerary ovary (ie, ovarian ectopia having no anatomic connection with the normally placed ovaries) is a rare gynecologic condition. To the best of our knowledge, only 1 pediatric case of supernumerary ovary has been reported to date in the English literature.CaseA 4-year-old girl was assessed for foul-smelling vestibular discharge and was found to have a fistulous tract with opening near the vaginal orifice. Fistuloscopy revealed hair in the lumen of the tract. Computed tomography scan showed a retroperitoneal mass in continuation of the tract. Excision of the mass revealed a mature teratoma in a retroperitoneal supernumerary ovary.Summary and ConclusionSupernumerary ovary, a gynecologic rarity, is even more uncommon in children. Hence, a thorough clinical-radiological-pathological correlation is mandatory to diagnose extragonadal ovarian tumors arising in supernumerary ovaries.     

Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenoma with sarcoma-like mural nodule

Primary retroperitoneal cystadenomas are extremely rare. This is the first report in literature to describe a primary retroperitoneal cystadenoma with a sarcoma-like mural nodule. A 45-year-old woman complained of a left-sided abdominal mass. A computed tomography scan revealed a cystic mass with a mural nodule, which seemed to originate from the tail of the pancreas. At laparotomy the cyst was not adhered to the pancreas but localized retroperitoneally. Histologic examination showed a mucinous cystadenoma with only foci of borderline malignancy with a mural “sarcoma-like” nodule. In view of the surgical and histopathological findings, the mucinous cystadenoma was regarded as primary retroperitoneal. This case demonstrates that in the era of radiological preoperative refinement, pathological diagnosis remains of utmost importance, especially for rare cases.     

超声造影观察腹膜后动脉出血的实验研究

目的 观察不同程度兔髂外动脉损伤出血的超声造影(CEUS)表现,评估其诊断价值.方法 10只兔分为A、B组,A组兔用12G穿刺针经股动脉插管刺破髂外动脉后壁;B组兔待刺破动脉后用外径1.33 mm扩张管扩大破口.动脉损伤后2、10、40 min静脉CEUS,损伤后20、30 min行DSA检查.结果 (1)损伤后2 min CEUS,两组兔均见破口处造影剂流出,流速较高;(2)A组兔损伤10 min 2只兔见CEUS造影剂外溢至腹膜后,20 min DSA检查4只兔见造影剂外溢,30 min DSA以及40 min CEUS均未见造影剂外溢;(3)损伤后10、40min CEUS,B组兔均见破口处造影剂流出,随时间延长破口处流速减低,DSA均证实造影剂外溢;(4) CEUS诊断准确率为93.3％.结论 超声造影诊断腹膜后动脉出血准确率高,可动态观察破口流速变化,有助于评估出血动脉的转归.     

节细胞神经瘤的CT表现及病理分析

目的探讨节细胞神经瘤的CT平扫与动态增强扫描的特征性表现。方法回顾性分析10例经手术与病理证实节细胞神经瘤的CT表现,所有病例均行CT平扫,动脉期、静脉期及延迟期动态增强扫描。结果肿块位于纵隔7例,肾上腺2例,腹膜后1例。肿块边界清晰,呈椭圆形2例,不规则形8例,肿块大小为1.2cm×2.2cm×3.0cm～6.5cm×6.5cm×7.5cm,4例肿块有嵌入性生长特点。CT平扫肿块密度低于肌肉,密度均匀者9例,密度不均匀者1例,其中3例伴有颗粒状、条状钙化。增强扫描后,肿块表现为不同的强化型式,其中,1例肿块无强化;7例肿块动脉期无明显强化,静脉期及延迟期逐渐轻度强化;2例肿块动脉期轻度强化,静脉期及延迟期逐渐明显强化。结论节细胞神经瘤有一些特征性影像表现及强化型式,CT动态增强扫描有助于其诊断及鉴别诊断,可清晰显示病变同周围血管及器官之间的关系,并为手术治疗提供更多参考信息。     

Extragenitourinary malakoplakia in a patient with myeloma clinically mimicking extramedullary myelomatous disease

Malakoplakia is a rare granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology and usually affects patients with underlying immunosuppression. This disorder usually involves the genitourinary tract but has been reported in a wide array of anatomical sites. We present a case of extragenitourinary malakoplakia, developing in a patient with a history of plasma cell myeloma, which clinically mimicked recurrent extramedullary myelomatous involvement. Radiologically, this lesion was a 10-cm soft-tissue mass located in the left flank and iliacus muscle. Excisional biopsy revealed a histiocytic infiltrate with histologic features diagnostic of malakoplakia. This case demonstrates the clinical and pathologic diagnostic challenges of malakoplakia arising outside the genitourinary tract. Given that it can closely mimic malignancy in such settings, malakoplakia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft-tissue masses developing in patients with hematologic malignancy and iatrogenic immunosuppression. This case highlights the importance for awareness on the part of clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists that malakoplakia can present as a soft-tissue mass.