尿毒症血液透析患者睑裂钙沉积的临床意义

目的观察尿毒症患者眼部症状和体征,分析与年龄、透析龄及肾功能的关系。方法对我院血透室进行血液透析的尿毒症患者30例58只眼进行眼科问诊和检查,包括主诉、视力、裂隙灯及眼底。结果 30例尿毒症患者58只眼中,15例22只眼睑裂部的球结膜和(或)角膜缘处有灰白色斑块(转移性钙沉积),位于球结膜血管之上,其中部分患者有周围球结膜充血及球结膜血管扩张,少部分患者其周围还有色素沉着。有钙沉积的患者年龄为48～74岁,无钙沉积的患者年龄为46～83岁。有钙沉积患者与无钙沉积患者的透析龄均为0.5～20年。58只眼中,35只眼底动脉硬化。结论尿毒症患者睑裂部球结膜和(或)角膜缘有转移性钙沉积,并且转移性钙沉积与年龄、透析龄无关,与肾功能关联性不大。     

Refinement of arylthiosemicarbazone pharmacophore in inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase

Melanin play a major role in human skin protection and their biosynthesis is vital. Due to their color, they contribute to the skin pigmentation. Tyrosinase is a key enzyme involved in the first stage of melanin biosynthesis, it catalyzes the transformation of tyrosine into l-dopaquinone. The aim of the present study was to study molecules able to inhibit tyrosinase to be used in treating depigmentation-related disorders. In this study, we targeted arylthiosemicarbazone analogs with the aim to contribute to the identification of the optimal aryl ring to be linked to the thiosemicarbazone moiety. The biological activity was evaluated on commercial mushroom tyrosinase which was purified prior use. The results demonstrated that several of our compounds (1a-h, 1j, 1r and 5) had more potent inhibitory activities than kojic acid which was used as the reference inhibitor.     

皮肤创伤修复过程中表皮生长因子与黑素细胞及黑素生成关系的研究进展

创伤修复是一个复杂的过程,包括炎症反应、细胞增殖、基质沉积以及组织重塑过程.多种细胞及细胞因子共同参与促进创伤愈合.表皮生长因子被认为是其中的关键因素.表皮生长因子在创伤愈合中的积极作用已在动物实验及临床应用上得以证实,而在创伤修复过程中,表皮生长因子与黑素细胞及黑素生成的关系并不明确.近年来,研究发现,表皮生长因子可以抑制激光术后黑素细胞表达黑素,从而改善炎症后色素沉着.     

Congenital Dermal Melanocytosis on the Foot: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Dermal melanocytosis is a common pigmented skin disease, characterized by an increased number of ectopic melanocytes in the dermis. Rare variants of dermal melanocytosis that do not belong to these four typical groups–nevus of Ota, nevus of Ito, blue nevus, and Mongolian spots–are called dermal melanocyte hamartoma, or congenital dermal melanocytosis (CDM) as it mostly appears from birth. We report a case of CDM on the foot of a young woman with a literature review of previously reported cases of CDM.     

Q开关Nd：YAG激光治疗仪治疗色素性疾病的疗效评价

目的分析评价国产GlobalCure-SC6型Q开关掺钕钇铝石榴石（Neodymium Yttrium Alumi-num Garnet,Nd：YAG）激光治疗色素增多性皮肤病的疗效及副反应。方法门诊随机选取80例色素增多性皮肤病患者,其中表层和真皮层色素性疾病各30例,雀斑、老年斑等表层色素性疾病采用532nm波长,2～4mm光斑,能量密度2.0～3.0 J/cm2;褐青色斑、文身等真皮层色素病变选择1064nm波长,2～4mm光斑,能量密度为3.0～6.0J/cm2。每次治疗间隔1～3个月,给予2～4疗程治疗,随访2～6个月,观察疗效和不良反应。结果经2～4次治疗,80例患者的总有效率达到90.0%,总痊愈率为32.5%;其中表皮层色素增多的有效率为92.5%,痊愈率为42.5%;真皮层色素增多的有效率为87.5%,痊愈率为22.5%。两组间总有效率和总痊愈率均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。术后出现暂时性色素沉着5例（6.25%）,无瘢痕发生。结论 GlobalCure-SC6型Q开关Nd：YAG激光用于治疗色素增多性皮肤病变具有较好的疗效。     

肝豆状核变性的眼部特殊表现(附一例报告)

本文在总结Hepatolenticular degeneration(HLD)眼部改变的同时报告了一例眼部特殊表现——晶体前囊环状金属样色素颗粒沉着及调节与辐辏改变,并对其形成机制进行了探讨,提出了自己的观点。     

Incontinentia pigmenti or Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome: a rare X-linked genodermatosis

Incontinentia pigmenti is a rare X-linked genodermatosis that affects mainlyfemale neonates. The first manifestation occurs in the early neonatal period andprogresses through four stages: vesicular, verruciform, hyperpigmented andhypopigmented. Clinical features also manifest themselves through changes in theteeth, eyes, hair, central nervous system, bone structures, skeletal musculatureand immune system. The authors report the case of a patient with cutaneouslesions and histological findings that are compatible with the vesicular stage,emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate therapeuticmanagement.     

屈侧网状色素异常研究进展

屈侧网状色素异常是一种较为少见的常染色体显性遗传性皮肤病，主要的临床表现为躯体屈侧形态不规则网状色素沉着斑。色素沉着随着年龄增加而不断加重，通常表现为对称性泛发色素沉着，患者一般无自觉症状。随着国内外家系报道的不断增加，对该病的临床表现、发病机制等方面的研究已成为热点。     

改良八白散用于痤疮后色素沉着的临床观察

目的 观察改良八白散治疗痤疮后色素沉着的临床疗效.方法 对30例面部遗留痤疮后色素沉着受试者采用自身前后、双侧对照的方法进行研究,中药组采用改良中药八白散面膜干预,蜂蜜组采用蜂蜜溶液干预,8周后评价干预疗效.结果 中药组总有效率为63.33％,蜂蜜组为26.67％,两组总有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=8.15,P＜0.05),且中药组受试者自我疗效评价优于蜂蜜组(x2=9.64,P＜0.01).干预后,两组分别检测正常皮肤点与色素沉着点的黑色素值[中药组分别为(156.18±30.68)、(186.44±41.98),蜂蜜组分别为(158.95±26.64)、(182.25±44.03)]较同组干预前[中药组分别为(180.90±33.09)、(202.37±41.14),蜂蜜组分别为(179.92±32.51)、(205.37±43.31)]明显下降(P＜0.01);经皮水分丢失值[分别为(13.97±4.78) g/m2h、(13.57±3.68) g/m2h]均较干预前[分别为(9.64±3.01) g/m2h、(10.55±3.39) g/m2h]升高(P＜0.01);中药组干预后角质层含水量(33.72±9.89)％较干预前(35.26±11.41)％无明显变化(P＞0.05),蜂蜜组(32.05±10.34)％则较干预前(37.21±12.24)％降低(P＜0.05).中药组干预后皮肤弹性Uv/Ue值降低(0.63±0.05),蜂蜜组(0.64±0.05)无明显变化.结论 改良八白散面膜具有美白润肤,加速炎症后色素沉着的消退的功效,且可维持角质层含水量,增加皮肤弹性.     

Longitudinale Melanonychie bei Einnahme von Hydroxycarbamid

Four case reports of patients with myeloproliferative syndrome receiving therapy with hydroxycarbamide (synonymous: hydroxyurea) and developing streaky longitudinal pigmentation appeared in fingernails and toenails several months after starting this therapy. Background: Pigmentation of finger‐ and toenails presents a wide range of differential diagnostic considerations. They can be of infectious, melanocytic or exogenous origin or caused by metabolic disorders. Patients and methods: Three women and one man, ranging in age from 62 and 87 years, were treated with hydroxycarbamide for myeloproliferative syndrome or chronic myelogenous leukemia for five to twelve years. All four patients were Fitzpatrick skin types II. Results: Several months after starting this therapy, they developed streaky longitudinal pigmentation of their fingernails and toenails. In two patients, these findings were diagnosed by chance, whereas two patients sought dermatological advice because of nail pigmentation. In two of the patients the longitudinal pigmentation disappeared a few month after discontinuation of hydroxycarbamide. The melanonychia persisted in another patient, while the fourth was lost to follow‐up. Conclusions: When melanonychia is identified in hematology‐oncology patients, a careful medical history should be obtained. A list of medications is crucial, since hydroxycarbamide causes nail pigmentation. In each case of nail pigmentation, an acral lentiginous melanoma must be excluded.