Preservice early childhood students' perceptions of written feedback on their essays

Lecturer feedback on students' essays is important to the quality of the experience students have at university (Norton & Norton, 2001). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether early childhood students at one university actually read lecturer feedback on their essays and, if they did, what they found helpful and not helpful to their learning. Feedback was defined as 'giving students information on how well or how poorly they are doing in their academic work' (Hounsell, 1987, p. 109). Using the Vygotskian concept of learning as a socially shared activity, qualitative data were collected from second-year students from a four-year early childhood degree programme via an anonymous survey and four focus groups. Major findings were that, in contrast with studies of students in other programmes, early childhood students read lecturer feedback on their essays and used feedback that was detailed and explanatory as a learning tool. Types of feedback students found to be most and least useful were identified.     

小学生心理行为问题调查分析

目的:了解小学生存在的心理行为问题。方法:对116名7~12岁的小学生分别用Achenbach儿童行为调查表、教师报告表、Conners父母症状问卷、Conners教师用简明问卷进行评定。结果:低、高年级组各行为问题分差异无显著性,教师问卷与家长问卷相比,大多数差异显著。儿童行为问题检出率20.0%。结论:结合家长与教师的评价,有助于全面了解学生;对注意缺陷多动障碍应严格按照诊断标准判断,以免将其扩大化。     

乌鲁木齐市中学生健康行为调查分析

目的监测和了解中学生主要的健康危险行为和保护性因素的情况。方法由美国疾病预防控制中心(CDC)统一采用专门的抽样软件抽取乌鲁木齐市25所中学,并采用整群抽样方法抽取学校的班级并对班级中的13~15岁在校学生进行问卷调查。结果每天运动60分钟以上的学生占16.1%;父母或监护人一直或大多数时间里理解被监护人遇到的问题和烦恼的学生占36.0%;曾经感到孤独的学生占8.2%;曾做过自杀计划的人占9.0%,曾经认真想过自杀的学生占20.4%;曾经尝试过吸烟的学生占31.2%;第一次尝试酒精的年龄在13岁以上的学生占33.5%;曾经使用过1次以上毒品的学生占1.4%;参加8次以上打架的学生占22.2%。结论中学生中存在比较严重的健康行为方面的问题,突出表现在缺少体育运动,心理健康问题严重、有自杀倾向,吸烟、饮酒和使用毒品等,必须引起教育和卫生部门的高度重视,并提早给予干预,以促进少年儿童的健康发展。     

澳大利亚护理硕士专业学位人才培养现状及启示

通过比较我国与澳大利亚护理硕士专业学位研究生人才培养项目在办学规模、师资情况、教育模式、课程设置、临床实践与评估、毕业要求方面的现状,提出了立足我国实际的教学改革建议,为完善具有中国特色的护理硕士专业学位研究生教育培养体系,培养健康中国建设所需要的高级护理人才提供参考。     

留守因素、家庭关系对留守中学生人格的影响

目的 了解留守因素、家庭关系对留守中学生人格的影响。方法 于2019-2022年采用《艾森克人格问卷》少年版和《家庭亲密度与适应性量表》对眉山市某县级中学1 424名中学生进行调查。结果 纳入的受访者中,616名为留守中学生(占43.26%)。除了人格的精神质维度外,留守与非留守中学生在人格的其余维度及家庭关系的亲密度、适应性两个维度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结构方程模型分析显示,在留守初中生中,母亲外出时个体年龄对家庭亲密度有正向影响,路径系数为0.169;家庭亲密度对精神质与神经质有正向影响,路径系数分别为0.310、0.296;父亲在外时间长短对神经质有负向影响,路径系数为-0.146(P<0.05)。在留守高中生中,父亲外出时个体年龄对人格中的内外向有负向影响,路径系数为-0.111;母亲外出时个体年龄对精神质有负向影响,路径系数为-0.125;父亲在外时间长短对家庭亲密度、家庭适应性有负向影响,路径系数分别为-0.146、-0.163;家庭亲密度对精神质、神经质有正向影响,路径系数分别为0.253、0.266;家庭适应性对内外向有负向影响,路径系数为-0.241(P<0.05)。结论 留守经历会影响中学生的人格和家庭关系,但留守初中生和高中生在留守因素、家庭关系对人格特征的影响有所不同。     

Assessment of knowledge,attitude, and practice of glaucoma among different cadres of optometrists

Purpose:To assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and clinical practice of glaucoma among optometry students and optometry practitioners with different years of clinical experience and academic background.Methods:A survey with 20 questions on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of glaucoma was prepared and self-administered to optometry students and optometry practitioners practicing in an eye hospital/clinic/optical with varied years of clinical experience and education qualification.Results:Among the 558 participants, 57% were optometry practitioners and 43% were students. The knowledge scores among optometry practitioners increased significantly with an increase in the years of clinical experience (P < 0.001). Participants with master’s degrees scored higher than participants with bachelor’s degrees (P = 0.12). There was no statistically significant difference in knowledge scores based on the type of clinical practice - hospital, private practice, or optical (P = 0.39). Practicing optometrists who performed slit-lamp examination, gonioscopy, IOP measurements, and disc evaluation for the detection of glaucoma had significantly higher knowledge scores than those who did not perform these tests in their practice (P < 0.05). A positive attitude toward glaucoma learning through workshops and hands-on training was reported by optometrists and students.Conclusion:Knowledge about glaucoma was good among optometrists and optometry students and was better among those who handled the diagnostics. All the optometrists had a positive attitude toward enhancing their practice through proper training.     

德国柏林Pflgewerk养老机构学习见闻分享

2019年9—12月,笔者参与了苏州大学与德国柏林Pflgewerk养老机构针对失能老年人居家照护课程研发与智慧化养老的交流项目,在学习与交流期间,德国完善的居家照护体系,先进适老辅具的研发与运用,系统规范的照护员培训课程,浓厚的人文关怀气氛与多学科团队合作的安宁疗护中心令笔者印象深刻。本文结合学习交流活动的亲身经历,...     

护理干预对冠心病患者生活质量的影响

目的观察护理干预对冠心病患者生活质量的影响。方法将100例老年冠心病患者随机分为干预组和对照组,每组各50例。两组均实施常规护理,干预组在此基础上给予健康教育、康复训练、心理护理等护理干预,并于护理干预8w末采用西雅图心绞痛调查量表进行评估分析。结果护理干预8w末,干预组西雅图心绞痛调查量表躯体活动受限程度评分显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）;治疗满意程度、疾病认识程度和总分评分显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论对冠心病患者实施完善的护理干预体系可提高患者的生活质量。     

实习前护理专科学生睡眠质量及其影响因素

目的:研究实习前护理专科学生(护生)的睡眠质量及影响因素. 方法:采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)和自行设计的调查问卷对193名实习前护生进行调查. 结果:实习前护生睡眠差者占19.7%;PSQI总分为(5.990±2.834)分;影响因素有人际关系复杂、担心实习单位分配不好、学习压力大、家庭经济状况、考试因素、担心饮食和生活习惯明显改变和感到前途渺茫等. 结论:影响实习前护生睡眠质量的因素是多方面的,应采取多种措施改善睡眠,保证身心健康.     

The Influence of Physical Distancing,Sense of Belonging,and Resilience of Nursing Students on Their Viral Anxiety During the COVID-19 Era

ObjectiveWe aimed to explore how nursing students’ adherence to physical distancing, sense of belonging, or resilience may be associated with viral anxiety during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) era in South Korea. MethodsWe conducted an online survey among nursing students from December 8–10, 2021. The survey gathered participants’ age, sex, grades, living area, and responses to questions on COVID-19. In addition, responses to Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items (SAVE-6), adherence to physical distancing, Sense of Belonging Instrument, Calling and Vocation Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9), and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-2 (CD-RISC2) items were gathered. ResultsThe SAVE-6 score was significantly correlated with adherence to physical distancing (r=0.29), PHQ-9 (r=0.26), and CD-RISC2 (r=-0.34, all p<0.01) similar to partial correlation analysis adjusting participants’ group (freshmen and sophomores vs. juniors and seniors). A linear regression analysis revealed that viral anxiety of nursing students was predicted by sex (female, β=0.20, p=0.001), adherence to physical distancing (β=0.25, p<0.001), sense of belonging (β=0.16, p=0.014), and CD-RISC2 score (β=-0.32, p<0.001) (adjusted R²=0.24, F=10.01, p<0.001). ConclusionWe observed that adherence to physical distancing, sense of belonging, and their resilience influenced nursing student’s viral anxiety. An appropriate support system to manage viral anxiety is needed for nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic.