细胞标志蛋白CK7,Vim和P53在子宫内膜癌不同亚型发生机制中的作用

目的:检测细胞标志蛋白及P53在子宫内膜癌细胞的表达,探讨它们参与不同亚型子宫内膜癌发病的可能机制,分析其与肿瘤生物学行为的关系.方法:采用免疫组织化学法检测131例子宫内膜癌患者不同亚型、不同临床分期及不同分化程度的子宫内膜细胞中CK7,Vim及P53的表达.结果:CK7及Vim的表达分别与P53的表达存在正相关性.内膜样腺癌细胞中CK7表达高于其他类型,而Vim及P53的表达降低.Vim的表达与临床分期呈正相关;Vim及P53的表达阳性率随细胞分化级别上升而增加,具有相关性.结论:CK7、Vim、P53的编码基因可能通过转录水平的相互调控机制参与不同亚型子宫内膜癌发生及发展过程,CK7,Vim及P53可作为判断肿瘤的预后及选择治疗方案有用的参考指标.     

Alcohol-induced alterations of the hepatocyte cytoskeleton

The hepatocyte cytoskeleton consists of three fi lamentous networks: microtubules, actin microfi laments and keratin intermediate filaments. Because of the abundance of the proteins that comprise each system and the central role each network plays in a variety of cellular processes, the three fi lament systems have been the focus of a host of studies aimed at understanding the progression of alcohol-induced liver injury. In this review, we will briefly discuss the hepatic organization of each cytoskeletal n...     

Keratoameloblastoma of the mandible

Introduction

Keratoameloblastoma is an extremely rare odontogenic tumor, as only 18 cases have been reported in the literature.

The differentiation profile of the epithelium of the human lip

The aim of this study was to analyse the immunohistochemical differentiation profile of the stratified squamous epithelium of the adult human lip. Full-thickness lower lips taken from 31 cadavers were analysed. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), cytokeratins (CK), loricrin, involucrin, profilaggrin and filaggrin. The stratified squamous epithelium covering the lip could be divided into: (i) appendage-bearing, orthokeratinised epidermis; (ii) orthokeratinised vermilion which had a more prominent rete pattern than the epidermis; (iii) parakeratinised, PAS-positive intermediate zone; and (iv) non- or parakeratinised labial mucosal epithelium. Epithelial thickness increased gradually from the skin to the mucosal aspect. The CK pattern changed across the intermediate zone, with gradual loss of CK 1 and 10 from the skin, and CK 4, 13 and 19 from the mucosal, aspect. CK 5 and 14 were consistently expressed basally, and variably expressed suprabasally. Apart from labelling Merkel cells, CK 8, 18 and 20 were negative. Involucrin, which was present at all sites, was restricted to the stratum granulosum in skin, but extended into the stratum spinosum, and gradually into parabasal keratinocytes, across the vermilion and mucosa. Loricrin, profilaggrin and filaggrin were present in the stratum granulosum of orthokeratinised sites, but expression was abruptly lost at the junction between the vermilion and the intermediate zone. In conclusion, the phenotype of the stratified squamous epithelium covering the lip changes at, or across, the intermediate zone of the adult vermilion. It is possible that changes in the composition of the stratified squamous epithelium affect the colour of the vermilion.     

应用蛋白质组学研究白斑差异表达蛋白

目的:通过筛选口腔白斑及正常黏膜组织的差异表达蛋白,为研究白斑发生机制提供实验依据。方法:收集口腔白斑组织及正常口腔黏膜组织,提取组织蛋白,进行二维电泳,选择在表达差异量较大的11个点进行质谱和生物信息学分析,确定所分析的蛋白质类型。结果:人口腔白斑及正常黏膜组织的二维电泳图谱的平均蛋白质点数分别为1726±67和1608±73,蛋白质点重复性较好。人口腔白斑与正常黏膜组织的双向凝胶电泳图谱,差异表达蛋白质点数为38个,其中16个点在白斑中为高标达,22个点在白斑中为低表达,选择11个表达差异量较大的蛋白质点进行质谱和生物信息学分析,鉴定出其中的5个点,分别为膜联蛋白A2,角蛋白8,角蛋白1,II型角蛋白亚基,免疫球蛋白(Ig)κ型轻链的恒定区(C区)片段等。结论:膜联蛋白A2,角蛋白8,角蛋白1,II型角蛋白亚基,Igκ型轻链的C区片段等在口腔白斑发生发展过程中发生了改变。     

CD4+ T-cells from peripheral blood of a patient with psoriasis recognize keratin 14 peptide but not 'homologous' streptococcal M-protein epitope

Psoriasis has been recognized as an immunologically mediated inflammatory skin disease that has been associated with group A, β-haemolytic streptococcal infections. Notably cross-reactive autoimmune mechanism, which is mediated by T cells reacting to epitopes that are common to streptococcal M-protein and keratin, has been proposed in psoriasis. In order to investigate this possibility, peptides corresponding to M-protein and human epidermal keratin, which share some amino acid sequence between them, were synthesized and tested for their ability to stimulate T-cells of patients with psoriasis. Among five cases examined, we isolated a CD4⁺ T-cell line that recognized the type I keratin (K14)_p168–181 when it was presented by the patient's HLA-DR molecules from a single psoriatic patient, whose MHC allele was HLA-A2/A26, -B27/B16, -DR4/DR8, -DQ8. Further analysis disclosed that the critical peptide recognized by the T-cell line was 10-mer keratin_p171–180 (DLRNKILTAT). However, corresponding M6 protein with homology to K14 did not stimulate the T-cell response and no evidence for cross-reactivity was obtained. The K14-responsive T cell line produced IFN-γ, but little IL-4 when stimulated with irradiated autologous PBMC pulsed with this peptide. Thus, the finding that human epidermal keratin peptide is immunogenic in a psoriasis patient may provide the evidence that T lymphocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis as an autoimmune disorder participated with Th1 like cells. However, the keratin-responsive T cell line was detected in only one of five cases of psoriasis examined, suggesting that such T cell line appears to be not so popular in psoriatic patients. No evidence for cross-reactivity to streptococcal M protein also suggests that the contribution of streptococci may simply be inducing proliferation of various repertoire of T cells (including K14-responsive T cells) possibly through a superantigen-dependent process.     

重组人IL－6对角朊细胞体外增殖分化影响的研究

为寻找一种对角朊细胞增殖分化具有调节作用的细胞因子，以人转化型角朊细胞株Ｃｏ－ｌｏ－１６细胞为模型，通过活细胞计数，３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法，细胞因子生物活性检测、电镜及免疫组化方法研究了重组人白细胞介素－６对角朊细胞体外增殖分化的影响。结果表明，ＩＬ－６对角朊细胞的体外增殖和ＤＮＡ合成具有双向调节作用；大剂量的ＩＬ－６能减少角朊细胞肿瘤坏死因子－α、ＩＬ－６的产生；对角朊细胞胞膜、线粒体有直接损伤作用；并抑制角朊细胞角蛋白表达。提示ＩＬ－６可作为角朊细胞体外增殖分化的免疫调节因子。     

Keratin 14 gene point mutation in the Köbner and Dowling-Meara types of epidermolysis bullosa simplex as detected by the PASA method

Recent advances in molecular biology have enabled the association of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) with point mutations of keratin 14 and/or keratin 5 genes to be established. We describe here the detection of point mutations in genomic DNA from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections from five cases of epidermolysis bullosa using the PCR amplification of specific alleles (PASA) method. In two of four cases of Köbner-type EBS a point mutation of helix 2b (384 Leu-Pro) was detected and in one case of Dowling-Meara-type EBS a mutation in helix 1a (125 Arg-Cys) was detected. The results of this study are consistent with previous reports and they demonstrate that the PASA method is a rapid and reproducible method for the detection of single-base changes and small deletions.     

The formation of wrinkles caused by transition of keratin intermediate filaments after repetitive UVB exposure

It has been reported that the formation of wrinkles involves changes in the elastic properties of the dermis due to the denaturation of elastic fibers. Several studies have shown that the hydration condition of the stratum corneum is also important in wrinkle formation. It is, however, still unclear how the stratum corneum contributes to wrinkle formation. Here we investigated the relationship between the formation of wrinkles and changes in the physical properties and condition of the skin after repetitive ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation of hairless mice (HR/ICR). Repetitive UVB irradiation caused wrinkles on the dorsal skin of the mice. The elasticity (E) of the stratum corneum of UVB-irradiated mice was significantly lower than that of age-matched control (unirradiated) mice. UVB exposure also caused a deterioration of the fibrous ultrastructure of keratin intermediate filaments (KIFs) in the skin. We conclude that the deterioration of KIFs in the stratum corneum caused by repetitive UVB irradiation decreases the elastic properties of the stratum corneum, resulting in the formation of wrinkles.     

基因工程抗角蛋白抗体在正常皮肤和几种表皮增生性皮肤病皮损中的反应定位

目的　探索一株基因工程人源性抗角蛋白Fab抗体在正常皮肤及几种表皮增生性皮肤病皮损中的反应定位。方法　利用从噬菌体抗体库中筛选到的特异表达抗角蛋白Fab片段的质粒转化大肠杆菌 ,IPTG诱导表达出Fab抗体 ,纯化鉴定后用此抗体对正常皮肤及银屑病、鳞癌、基底细胞癌和脂溢性角化病皮损进行免疫组化染色。结果　正常皮肤表皮呈阴性染色 ,毛囊呈阳性染色 ,银屑病、鳞癌、基底细胞癌和脂溢性角化病皮损均呈现明显的阳性着色 ,其中银屑病皮损基底细胞层为强阳性。所有细胞染色部位均位于胞质 ,胞核未见着色 ,真皮为阴性。结论　该株人源性抗角蛋白Fab抗体主要与表皮组织结合 ,对银屑病等表皮增生性皮肤病的损害具有较高特异性。