Localisation of CEA, β-HCG,SP1, and keratin in the tissue of lung carcinomas

Summary One hundred and twenty seven cases of lung tumors were studied by the immunoperoxidase technique for the presence of CEA and-HCG. Twenty-nine of these tumors were additionally stained for keratin and SP1. CEA and SP1 could be demonstrated in 80% of the studied cases, while-HCG was found in only 9%. SP1 revealed an almost identical staining pattern to CEA and keratin was found only in squamous cell carcinomas. The tissue positivity of none of these three markers correlated with tumor size, lymphnodal involvement or histological type.This study was supported by Deutsche Stiftung für Krebsforschung - Dr. Mildred Scheel-Stiftung     

Immunohistochemistry (S 100, KL 1) and human papillomavirus DNA hybridization on Morbus Bowen and bowenoid papulosis

Summary In this study 55 paraffin embedded samples defined as Bowen's disease or bowenoid papulosis were investigated with antibodies against S 100 protein and keratins (KL 1). S 100-positive cells were quantified and related to defined section area of the epidermal compartment by computer-assisted image analysis. The density of S 100-positive cells was compared with normal skin and was particularly related to growth patterns and keratinization of the different lesions under study. S 100-positive dendritic cells were found to be reduced overall in bowenoid lesions when compared with normal skin. Lesions with high counts of S 100-positive dendritic cells most frequentty showed a solitary growth pattern with highly conserved architecture and differentiation and no tendency to stromal invasion. In contrast, cases with low counts of S 100-positive cells very often showed multifocal development, a high degree of architectural disturbance and dedifferentiation. In this group, stromal invasion (cases of invasive carcinoma associated with Bowen's disease) was seen more often. Interestingly, this latter group of cases also revealed a peculiar keratin pattern. Frequently, the basal cell layer was decorated with KL 1 antibody, which usually recognizes only suprabasaly located keratinocytes. No differences between Bowen's disease and bowenoid papulosis were found in terms of densities of S 100-positive dendritic cells and keratin pattern. In our experience, extragenital Bowen's disease and genital Bowen's disease can not be distinguished on purely morphological grounds or with the immunocytochemical approach presented here. Interestingly, when employing in situ hybridization with HPV 16 probes three of seven samples of genital Bowen's disease harboured HPV 16 DNA, whereas six cases of extragenital disease were negative.Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Lo 285/2-4)     

多种方法联合检测对胸腔积液的鉴别诊断

目的:探讨胸腔积液及血清中癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白片段抗原21-1(CYFRA 21-1)及胸腔积液脱落细胞学、免疫荧光法检测肿瘤细胞在良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的价值。方法:测定30例结核性和32例癌性胸腔积液患者胸腔积液及血清中CEA、CYFRA 21-1含量,并行胸腔积液脱落细胞学、免疫荧光法检测肿瘤细胞检查。结果:CEA、CYFRA 21-1对胸腔积液诊断的敏感性及特异性分别为81%、56%和64%、95%,联合检测胸水脱落细胞、免疫荧光法检测肿瘤细胞,其特异性和敏感性均提高到100%。结论:多种方法联合检测具有互补作用,能提高诊断准确率。     

Tumoral load quantification of positive sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer to predict more than two involved nodes

AimOne-Step Nucleic Acid Amplification (OSNA) can detect isolated tumour loads in axillary lymph nodes of breast cancer patients. We investigated the predictability of the non-sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastatic involvement (MI) based on the OSNA SLN assessment in surgical invasive breast cancer.MethodsWe studied surgical breast invasive carcinoma patients, not taking neoadjuvant chemotherapy, having SLN positive by OSNA and having received axillary lymphadenectomy. Age, basic histopathological, immunohistochemical, SLN biopsy and lymphadenectomy data were compared between patients with or without MI of more than 2 non-SLN in both univariate and multivariate analyses. The discriminating capacity of the multivariate model was characterized by the ROC AUC.Results726 patients from 23 centers in Spain aged 55.3 ± 12.2 years were analysed. The univariate analysis comparing patients with or without MI of more than 2 non-SLN detected statistically significant differences in primary tumour size, multifocality, presence of lymphovascular infiltration, positive proliferation index with ki67, immunophenotype and logTTL (Tumour Total Load). The multivariate logistic analyses (OR (95% CI)) confirmed multifocality (2.16 (1.13–4.13), p = 0.019), lymphovascular infiltration (4.36 (2.43–7.82), p < 0.001) and logTTL (1.22 (1.10–1.35), p < 0.001) as independent predictors, and exhibit an AUC (95% CI) of 0.78 (0.72–0.83) with an overall fit (Hosmer–Lemeshow test) of 0.359. A change in the slope of both sensitivity and specificity is observed at about 10,000 copies/μL, without relevant changes in the Negative Predictive Values.ConclusionsUsing OSNA technique, the MI of more than 2 non-SLN can be reliably predicted.     

Heparinized PCL/keratin mats for vascular tissue engineering scaffold with potential of catalytic nitric oxide generation

Abstract

Heparins are capable of improving blood compatibility, enhancing HUVEC viability, while inhibiting HUASMC proliferation. Combination of biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with keratin and heparins would provide an anticoagulant and endothelialization supporting environment for vascular tissue engineering. Herein, PCL and keratin were first coelectrospun and then covalently conjugated with heparins. The resulting mats were surface-characterized by ATR-FTIR, SEM, WCA, and XPS. Cell viability data showed that the heparinized PCL/keratin mats could motivate the adhesion and growth of HUVEC, while inhibit HUASMC proliferation. In addition, these mats could prolong blood clotting time and reduce platelet adhesion as well as no erythrolysis. Interestingly, these mats could catalyze the NO donor in blood to release NO, which could enhance endothelial cell growth, while decrease smooth muscle cell proliferation and platelet adhesion. In summary, the heparinized mats would be a good candidate as a scaffold for vascular tissue engineering. This study is novel in that we prepared a type of heparinized tissue scaffold that could catalyze the NO donor to release NO to regulate endothelialization without angiogenesis and thrombus formation.     

蜈蚣败毒饮对HaCaT细胞Keratin6 mRNA表达的影响

目的:研究蜈蚣败毒饮对角质形成(Ha Ca T)细胞角蛋白Keratin6 m RNA表达的影响。方法:36只Wistar大鼠随机均分为空白对照(等容生理盐水)组、甲氨蝶呤(0.22 g/100 g)组、复方青黛胶囊(0.26 g/100 g)组与蜈蚣败毒饮高、中、低剂量(11.88、5.94、2.96 g/100 g)组,ig给药,每天2次,连续3 d。末次给药后取腹主动脉血,各组血清作用于相应的Ha Ca T细胞培养24 h。通过实时荧光酶链聚合反应(RT-PCR)法测定Ha Ca T细胞Keratin6 m RNA的表达。结果:与空白对照组比较,各用药组Ha Ca T细胞Keratin6 m RNA表达减弱,蜈蚣败毒饮在减弱Ha Ca T细胞Keratin6 m RNA表达方面呈现出非剂量依赖关系。结论:蜈蚣败毒饮可能通过抑制Keratin6 m RNA的表达,从而降低了Ha Ca T细胞增殖来发挥抗银屑病作用。     

Fabrication and Evaluation of Porous Keratin/chitosan (KCS) Scaffolds for Effectively Accelerating Wound Healing*

ObjectiveTo develop a dressing with desired antibacterial activity, good water maintaining ability and mechanical properties for wound healing and skin regeneration. MethodsThe chitosan with different concentrations were added in keratin solution to form porous keratin/chitosan (KCS) scaffolds. The morphological characteristics, chemical composition, wettability, porosity, swelling ratio and degradation of the scaffolds were evaluated. The antibacterial activity was tested by usingS. aureusandE. colisuspension for 2 h. And L929 fibroblast cells culture was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the KCS scaffolds. ResultsThe adding of chitosan could increase the hydrophobicity, decrease porosity, swelling ratio and degradation rate of the KCS porous scaffolds.Mechanical properties of KCS scaffolds could be enhanced and well adjusted by chitosan. KCS scaffolds could obviously decrease bacteria number.The proliferation of fibroblast cells in porous KCS patch increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of chitosan concentration. It was appropriate to add 400 μg/mL chitosan to form porous KCS scaffold for achieving best cell attachment and proliferation compared with other samples. ConclusionThe porous KCS scaffold may be used as implanted scaffold materials forpromoting wound healing and skinregeneration.