翅柄铁线蕨治疗小鼠实验性良性前列腺增生有效部位的筛选

目的:研究翅柄铁线蕨对良性前列腺增生（BPH）模型小鼠的治疗作用,并筛选其有效部位。方法:皮下注射丙酸睾酮连续21d复制小鼠BPH模型,同时给药组分别灌胃给予翅柄铁线蕨总提取物及不同极性部位（石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇）(600mg·kg^-1·d^-1)。于末次给药后禁食,于次日剥离前列腺组织,称取前列腺湿质量,计算前列腺指数并进行病理学观察。结果:总提取物和乙酸乙酯部位组前列腺指数明显减小（P<0.05）,各用药组前列腺组织病理学变化均有不同程度的改善,其中乙酸乙酯部位组对BPH小鼠前列腺病理学改善效果最显著。结论:翅柄铁线蕨对BPH有一定的疗效,其中乙酸乙酯部位效果最好,初步确定为翅柄铁线蕨治疗BPH的有效部位。     

噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/氟替卡松对慢阻肺稳定期患者肺功能影响

目的:探讨联合吸入噻托溴铵和沙美特罗/氟替卡松对稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能的影响。方法:60例稳定期中重度COPD患者随机分成两组,治疗组给予噻托溴铵及沙美特罗/氟替卡松吸入治疗12周,对照组给予沙美特罗/氟替卡松吸入治疗12周,比较两组治疗前后肺功能主要指标变化及急性发作次数。结果:两组治疗后肺功能均明显改善,治疗组较对照组FEV1/FVC及FEV1占预计值百分比改善更明显(P<0.05);治疗后治疗组急性发作次数较对照组明显减少(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率分别为14.3%和11.1%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:吸入噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/氟替卡松更有效改善肺功能,减少患者急性发作次数。     

沙美特罗联合丙酸氟替卡松吸入剂对老年稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病的治疗作用的临床分析

目的研究沙美特罗／丙酸氟替卡松吸入剂对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病老年患者的治疗效果。方法对我院收治的100例符合条件的老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者随机分成两组,每组50人,在综合治疗的基础上,实验组使用沙美特罗联合丙酸氟替卡松吸入剂进行治疗,对照组使用丙酸倍氯米松进行治疗,治疗90天后对两组患者进行一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）、FEV／FVC及FEV1占预计值比例等肺通气功能的测试和呼吸困难症状MRC量表评价。结果两组患者通气困难症状均有不同程度的改善,实验组患者MRC评分（3．84±0．78）、FEV1（1．54±0．43）、FEV／FVC（69．37±5．12）％等均优于对照组[（4．15±0．82）,（1．47±0．42）,（64．36±4．98）％1其差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论沙美特罗联合丙酸氟替卡松吸入剂能有效改善老年稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的肺功能,缓解通气困难症状,提高其生活质量。     

沙美特罗替卡松联合噻托溴铵治疗COPD的疗效

目的观察沙美特罗替卡松联合噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的疗效。方法入选的60例COPD患者随机分为观察组和对照组,两组各30例。对照组采用沙美特罗替卡松（舒利迭,50／500μg,英国葛兰素史克公司生产）治疗;观察组联合应用噻托溴铵（思力华,18μg／粒,德国勃林格殷格翰药业有限公司）。结果治疗6个月后,观察组的临床症状评分为（7．2±2．3）分,对照组为（4．0±1．6）分,两组比较差异显著（P〈0．05）。观察组的总有效率（93．33％）明显高于对照组（73．33％）,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者均未见明显的不良反应。结论沙美特罗替卡松联合噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的疗效确切,能明显改善临床症状,安全性好,值得广泛推广和应用。     

丙酸睾酮对大肠杆菌RecQ解旋酶结构和功能的影响

目的研究体外丙酸睾酮对大肠杆菌RecQ解旋酶结构和功能的影响及二者的相互作用机制。方法分别运用荧光偏振技术、ATPase试剂盒和紫外吸收光谱技术分析丙酸睾酮对大肠杆菌RecQ解旋酶活性和DNA结合活性、AT-Pase活性和构象的影响。结果丙酸睾酮能够影响E.coliRecQ解旋酶的活性。低浓度促进解旋酶活性,高浓度抑制;抑制RecQ解旋酶与dsDNA的结合活性,其抑制常数Ki小于7×10-5 nmol.L-1;对与ssDNA结合活性的Ki为7×10-3 nmol.L-1;对ATPase活性抑制作用的时间相关性较弱;影响RecQ解旋酶的构象变化,但峰位无偏离。结论提示丙酸睾酮与RecQ解旋酶具有弱相互作用,二者具有两个结合位点。     

The effects of tricentric chromium(III) propionate complex supplementation on pregnancy outcome and maternal and foetal mineral status in rat

Chromium(III) is an essential element for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and various chemical forms of this element are widely used as dietary supplements. Of particular interest is [Cr₃O(O₂CCH₂CH₃)₆(H₂O)₃]⁺ cation (CrProp), that has been proposed as an alternative source of Cr. However, its safety has not been studied completely. In this study we investigated the effects of CrProp supplementation on pregnancy outcome and maternal and foetal mineral status in the rat. Female Wistar rats (n = 20, 14 weeks old) were mated with males and, after successful conception were fed either AIN-93G diet supplemented with CrProp (100 mg Cr/kg diet, equals to 7.2 mg Cr/kg body mass/day) or non-supplemented diet (0.27 mg Cr/kg diet, equals to 0.02 mg Cr/kg body mass/day) for 21 days. Dams were sacrificed on 21 day of gestation, and their foetuses were examined for adverse effects. Maternal and foetal organs were analysed for minerals contents (Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr) using the AAS-method. Supplemental Cr given did not affect pregnancy outcome, litter size, body and inner organ masses, maternal blood biochemical indices. No abnormalities in gross organ morphology of foetuses were detected. Supplemental CrProp increased maternal liver and kidney Cr levels by 177% and 455%, decreased liver Cu and Zn concentrations by 9% and 12%, increased foetal liver Zn by 181%, and decreased kidney Cu level by 34%.     

The treatment of oral aphthous ulceration or erosive lichen planus with topical clobetasol propionate in three preparations: a clinical and pilot study on 54 patients

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the clinical use of a corticosteroid in three preparations (topical clobetasol propionate ointment, clobetasol propionate in an oral analgesic base, and clobetasol propionate in an adhesive denture paste). METHODS: Fifty-four patients (34 males and 20 females) with a history of vesiculo-ulcero-erosive oral lesions were selected: 24 with oral erosive lichen planus and 30 with aphthae. The subjects enrolled were randomly divided into three groups, each of 18 patients (10 with aphthae and 8 with lichen planus): the first was treated with topical clobetasol propionate ointment (0.05%) directly on the lesion(s) three times a day; the second with clobetasol propionate in an adhesive denture paste in equal amounts (1:1) two times a day; the third with clobetasol propionate in an oral analgesic base (Orabase-B) in equal amounts (1:1) two times a day. Each subject scored his or her symptoms daily from most severe (7) to none (0) by verbal assessments using a categorical scale. RESULTS: In all cases, the administration of the corticosteroid was effective in producing remission of symptoms in each group of patients. Significant differences (P<0.05) between groups were determined by the Kruskal-Wallis test. The Dunn test was used in order to detect which group differs from the others; clobetasol and adhesive denture paste correlated with an early remission of pain in lichen and apthous lesions. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that topical application of clobetasol in an adhesive denture paste is an effective drug for symptomatic oral vesiculo-erosive and/or ulcerative lesions.     

Efficacy and tolerability of fluticasone propionate nasal drops 400 μg once daily compared with placebo for the treatment of bilateral polyposis in adults

BACKGROUND: Chronic eosinophilic rhinosinusitis underlies a range of respiratory disorders including nasal polyposis. Surgical and medical methods are used to control polyps, with topical steroids commonly being used for their anti-inflammatory properties. Fluticasone propionate nasal drops (FPND) is a formulation developed specifically for an effective and well tolerated corticosteroid treatment of nasal polyposis. OBJECTIVES: To assess efficacy and tolerability of FPND in the treatment of bilateral nasal polyposis in adults. METHODS: This multicentre, randomized, parallel-group study compared FPND 400 microgram once daily (o.d.) with placebo for 12 weeks in adult patients with mild to moderate bilateral polyposis. The primary efficacy endpoint was visual assessment of polyp size by the physician at monthly clinic visits. Nasal blockage, rhinitis, peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF), olfactory function and requirement for polypectomy were also assessed at visits. The patients kept diary card records of symptoms, PNIF, and use of rescue antihistamine. Additional safety data were provided by a 12-week open extension, when all patients received FPND 400 microgram o.d. RESULTS: After 12 weeks double-blind treatment with FPND (n = 52) or placebo (n = 52), polyp size was reduced in 27% and 16% of patients, respectively; clinical reduction of nasal blockage significantly favoured FPND over placebo (55% vs 22%; P = 0.002), and clinic PNIF had increased significantly with FPND (by 52 L/min vs -3 L/min for placebo; P < 0.001). Diary card measurements showed significant benefits of FPND vs placebo for daily PNIF, nasal blockage, rhinitis and use of loratadine rescue medication. Both treatments were well tolerated and no serious adverse events occurred during randomized treatment. Epistaxis was more frequent with FPND than placebo but was generally mild and did not result in withdrawals. Mean serum cortisol levels did not change significantly with either treatment. CONCLUSION: This study showed FPND 400 microgram o.d. to be an effective and well tolerated treatment for bilateral nasal polyposis in adults.     

Nebulized Fluticasone Propionate vs. Budesonide as Adjunctive Treatment in Children with Asthma Exacerbation

Objectives: To compare the effects of nebulized fluticasone propionate (FP) and nebulized budesonide (BUD) in addition to inhaled salbutamol in children with mild asthma exacerbation. Methods: The study was a multicenter, randomized, single-blind, parallel group design. One hundred and sixty-eight children, aged 4-15 years, were randomly allocated to receive either nebulized FP (250 mcg) or nebulized BUD (500 mcg) twice daily for 10 days. On presentation, at the end of treatment, and after a 7-day follow-up, clinical assessment and pulmonary function measurements were performed. Daytime and nighttime asthma symptom scores, the use of rescue salbutamol, and morning/evening peak expiratory flow (PEF) values were recorded at home during the treatment period. Morning cortisol concentration (51 children) and overnight urinary cortisol excretion (30 children) were also measured in six centers at the start and at the end of the treatment. Results: Improvement of morning PEF was significantly higher in patients treated with FP (p = 0.032). The percentage of symptom-free nights was significantly higher in the BUD group (p = 0.006), but no difference was found in symptom-free days. No intergroup difference was detected in the percentage of days/nights free from rescue medication and in pulmonary function tests performed in outpatient settings. There was no evidence of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression. Conclusions: A short course of nebulized FP has the same effects as a double dose of nebulized BUD, when either drug is added to bronchodilator therapy in children with mild asthma exacerbation.