Retrograde transport of goldfish optic nerve proteins labeled by N-succinimidyl [H]propionate

Following injection of the acylating reagent N-succinimidyl [³H]propionate into the optic nerve of goldfish, labeled protein appeared in the ipsilateral retina and contralateral tectum in a time-dependent manner. Autoradiography indicated the presence of the labeled material in the neuroplasm of the retinal ganglion cells and their projections. While most of the recoverable injected radioactivity was confined to the injection site even after 1 week, labeled proteins arriving in the retina by retrograde flow or in the tectum by anterograde flow had distinctly different patterns, a result suggesting specific transport processes rather than diffusion. In contrast to reported studies with the labeling agent in other species, a prominent 68,000 molecular weight component was not seen. The results are dicussed in relation to the role of retrograde transport in regeneration.     

ABNORMAL FATTY ACIDS IN RAT GLIAL CELLS CULTURED IN VITAMIN B12-DEFICIENT MEDIUM

Rat glial cells cultured in vitamin B¹²-deficient medium contained increased amounts of unbranched fatty acids with 15 and 17 carbon atoms, as well as increased levels of propionate. Addition of vitamin B¹² to the medium caused the levels of the 15-and 17-carbon fatty acids to return to normal. These changes in the fatty acid composition of nerve cells of rats in vitamin B¹² deficiency may be related to the neural lesions in vitamin B¹² deficiency in human beings.     

Effect of Androgens on Antipyrine Metabolism in the Rabbit

The inactivation of endogenous steroids and foreign compounds by the liver hydroxylative pathway, can be modified by androgenic substances. The inhibitory or inductory activity, can be estimated by measuring the half-life of antipyrine. Androgens (testosterone propionate, 5α-dihydro-testosterone and mesterolone) reduce antipyrine metabolism in male rabbits. In females, androgens are not inhibitors, but one of them, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, shows an inductive effect on liver oxidative mechanisms.     

沙美特罗替卡松与噻托溴铵联合吸入在重度、极重度COPD稳定期中的应用

目的观察沙美特罗替卡松与噻托溴铵联合应用对重度、极重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）稳定期患者的疗效与预后的影响。方法选取2008年5月至2009年10月于呼吸科门诊就诊的80例稳定期重度极重度COPD患者,采用完全随机法分成两组,一组单用沙美特罗替卡松（SF组）,一组联合应用沙美特罗替卡松和噻托溴铵（联合组）,共治疗12个月。分别于用药后1、3、6和12个月测定患者肺功能（FEV1、FVC、IC）,6分钟步行试验,圣乔治问卷,急性加重次数,急性加重出现时间。结果两组患者治疗后不同时期肺功能指标（FEV1、FVC、IC）、6分钟步行试验及圣乔治问卷评分较治疗前均有明显改善（P〈0.05）,联合组各项指标改善更明显（P〈0.05）。联合组急性加重次数较SF组明显减少（P〈0.05）,且急性加重出现的时间推迟（P〈0.05）。两组间不良反应无显著差异（P〉0.05）。结论沙美特罗替卡松与噻托溴铵联合应用于重度、极重度COPD患者能进一步改善肺功能、运动耐量及生活质量,且不良反应未见明显增加。     

A comparative study of inhaled ciclesonide 160 microg/day and fluticasone propionate 176 microg/day in children with asthma

Ciclesonide (CIC) is an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) with high anti-inflammatory activity and low incidence of local and systemic adverse effects. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of CIC with fluticasone propionate (FP) in children and adolescents with persistent asthma. This was a 12-week, randomized, double blind, parallel-group study. After a 2-to 4-week baseline period, a total of 556 children (ages 6-15 years) with asthma (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec [FEV(1)], 50% to 90% predicted) were treated twice daily with CIC 80 microg (ex-actuator, equivalent to 100 microg ex-valve) or FP 88 microg (ex-actuator, equivalent to 100 microg ex-valve) administered via a hydrofluoroalkane-propelled metered-dose inhaler. A statistically significant increase from baseline was observed in FEV(1) for both CIC (285 +/- 16 ml) and FP (285 +/- 15 ml) (P < 0.0001 for both) and in morning and evening peak expiratory flow (P < 0.0001 for both). Significant improvements were seen in asthma symptoms, use of rescue medication, and asthma symptom-free days in both treatment groups, without any differences between the treatment groups in changes from baseline. Two FP-treated patients experienced oral candidiasis and one patient experienced voice alteration. Creatinine-adjusted 24-hr urine cortisol levels increased from baseline levels by 10% in the CIC group (P < 0.05) and by 6% in the FP group (not significant). The efficacy and safety of CIC 160 microg/day were comparable to those of FP 176 microg/day in children with asthma.     

舒利迭和顺尔宁联合应用对CODP肺功能的影响

目的探讨沙美特罗替卡松（舒利迭）联合孟鲁斯特钠（顺尔宁）对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者肺功能的影响。方法40例患者随机分为舒利迭组（对照组）和舒利迭加顺尔宁组（试验组）各20例。两组入院期间均给于常规抗感染、吸氧、化痰和平喘对症治疗。对照组加用舒利迭,试验组加用舒利迭和顺尔宁,两组平喘治疗包括普通氨茶碱,按需使用喘康速气雾剂（特布他林）。出院后对照组继续使用舒利迭,试验组继续使用舒利迭和顺尔宁,共随访观察12周。两组均于治疗前查肺功能,治疗症状好转出院,12周后再次测定上述指标。结果两组治疗前肺功能无明显差异;治疗后两组肺功能较治疗前均有显著改善。试验组较对照组第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）、第一秒用力呼气容积／用力肺活量（FEV1／FVC）和第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比（FEV1 ％ Pred）等明显改善,差异有显著性;试验组较对照组每天按需使用特布他林次数减少,差异有显著性。结论舒利迭和顺尔宁共同作用对COPD患者肺功能更有显著的改善作用。     

Use of inhaled fluticasone propionate to control respiratory manifestations of relapsing polychondritis

Effective management of respiratory tract involvement is very important in improving the prognosis of relapsing polychondritis (RPC). This case report describes a 19-year-old patient with RPC, who required frequent hospitalization due to recurrent exacerbations of airway obstruction. Use of high-dose fluticasone propionate effectively reduced the amount of oral corticosteroid necessary to control inflammation of the airway mucosa and dramatically decreased the patient's obstructive airway impairment. This report is the first illustrating the effectiveness and safety of inhaled corticosteroids in the control of the respiratory manifestations of RPC.     

HPLC法测定索咪新尿素乳膏中丙酸氯倍他索和硝酸咪康唑的含量

目的建立HPLC法同时测定索咪新尿素乳膏中丙酸氯倍他索和硝酸咪康唑的含量。方法采用Diamonsil C18柱,流动相为甲醇-0．1％乙酸铵溶液（90：10,v／v）,流速1．0mL·min^-1,检测波长240nm,内标为苯甲酸苄酯。结果丙酸氯倍他索在7．5—12．5mg·L^-1内和硝酸咪康唑在300—500mg·L^-1内线性关系良好（r=0．9999）,回收率均〉98％,日内、日间RSD均〈1．5％。结论本方法准确灵敏,可用于索咪新尿素乳膏中丙酸氯倍他索和硝酸咪康唑的含量测定。     

Evaluation of the acute oral toxicity class of tricentric chromium(III) propionate complex in rat

Chromium(III) is an essential element for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and various chemical forms of this element are widely used in dietary supplements. Of particular interest is [Cr₃O(O₂CCH₂CH₃)₆(H₂O)₃]⁺ cation (CrProp), that has been proposed as an alternative source of Cr. However, its safety has not been studied completely. In this study, we evaluated the acute toxicity class of CrProp in Wistar rats applying the OECD 423 procedure. Male and female Wistar rats (n = 12, 6 ♀ and 6 ♂) were given by gavage either a single dose of CrProp 2000 mg kg⁻¹ body mass or equivalent volumes of distilled water, and fed Labofeed B diet, and observed carefully for 14 days, than sacrificed to collect samples for biochemical and histologic examination. No death cases were detected, no major abnormalities in animal behaviour, body mass gains, gross organ histology, and blood morphology, and biochemistry were observed, except some changes of liver mass and the activity of ALT in female rats. The results demonstrate that LD₅₀ of CrProp is greater than 2000 mg kg⁻¹ when administrated orally to rat, thus this compound appears to be belong the fifth category in the GHS system or the fourth class (“unclassified”) in the EU classification system.