Fungal granuloma of the brain caused by Cladosporium bantianum--a case report and review of literature

Involvement of the brain by neurotropic, dematiaceous fungi namely Cladosporium bantianum is extremely rare. The disease is very resistant to treatment and prone for frequent relapses despite treatment with amphotericin B and flucytosine, the drugs of choice for the infection. Surgery is often required for resection of the fungal granuloma. Isolation of the fungus from the tissue specimens and its culture, showing dark colored fungal colonies clinches the diagnosis. Animal inoculation studies can provide insights to the portal of entry of the organism. We hereby report a case of fungal granuloma of the brain due to C. bantianum, which responded favorably to intensive antifungal treatment alone, with relevant review of literature.     

黑癣临床分析——附两例报告

本文首次此报告广州地区的黑癣2例,并就其流行病学、病原学、组织病理学临、床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗等问题进行文献的复习和讨论。结合文献及本组病例,提出西方型宛内克氏分支孢子菌的感染,在我国甚至亚洲恐非少见。本组病例是用益康唑霜治愈的。     

Intrabronchial lesion due to Cladosporium sphaerospermum in a healthy,non-asthmatic woman

An intrabronchial lesion caused by to Cladosporium sphaerospermum in a healthy and non-asthmatic 59-year-old woman is reported. Intrabronchial infusion of amphotericin B was repeated three times followed by oral administration of prednisolone and itraconazole. The findings on chest radiographs subsequently improved. The possibility of intrabronchial lesions caused by C. sphaerosporum even in a healthy and non-asthmatic person is remarkable.     

Dermatomycosis in Dogs

During the routine examination of dogs for cutaneous lesions, 205 dogs were screened for fungi other than dermatophytes. Twenty-two dogs (10.8%) revealed the presence of non-dermatophytic fungi suspicious for representing the etiologic agents of the skin lesions. The fungi isolated were Alternaria sp. (2.9%), Penicillium sp. (2.4%), Aspergillus fumigatus (2.0%), Mucor sp. (1.5%), Cladosporium sp. (1.5%) and Fusarium sp. (0.5%). No dermatophyte was isolated in association with these fungi. The incidence of these infections was found to be greater in warm and humid climate.     

枝孢芽枝菌主要过敏原的分析与免疫、质谱鉴定

目的分析并用免疫和质谱方法鉴定枝孢芽枝菌(Cladosporium cladosporioides)的主要过敏原。方法空气中暴皿获得枝孢芽枝菌菌种,经鉴定后大规模培养;用碳酸盐缓冲液提取枝孢芽枝菌蛋白,并用SDS-PAGE、Western-blotting方法鉴定出枝孢芽枝菌的主要过敏原。主要过敏原胶内酶切,再经基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)分析,所得质谱数据进入网站(http://www.matrixscience.com)Mascot检索比对。结果经过暴皿获得枝孢芽枝菌菌种,其蛋白粗提液SDS-PAGE结果显示有14个条带,含量丰富的有10个条带;Western-Blotting鉴定出18kD的蛋白阳性率达66%,为枝孢芽枝菌的主要过敏原;质谱显示枝孢芽枝菌主要过敏原与约18kD嗜冷杆菌(Psychrobacter arcticum)50S的核糖体蛋白的匹配分值最高。结论采用免疫、质谱法鉴定了枝孢芽枝菌的主要过敏原是约18kD的核糖体蛋白。     

Evaluation of the prevalence of skin prick test positivity to Alternaria and Cladosporium in patients with suspected respiratory allergy

D'Amato G, Chatzigeorgiou G, Corsico R, Gioulekas D, Jäger L, Jäger S, Kontou-Fili K, Kouridakis S, Liccardi G, Meriggi A, Palma-Carlos A, Palma-Carlos ML, Pagan Aleman A, Parmiani S, Puccinelli R Russo M, Spieksma FThM, Torricelli R, Wüthrich B. Evaluation of the prevalence of skin prick test positivity to Alternaria and Cladosporium in patients with suspected respiratory allergy. A European multicenter study promoted by the Subcommittee on Aerobiology and Environmental Aspects of Inhalant Allergens of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology.
This trial was undertaken to study, in several geographically spread European countries, the prevalence of skin prick test (SPT) positivity to Alternaria (A) and Cladosporium (C) in subjects with nasal and/or bronchial symptoms of suspected allergic cause. Each patient completed an anamnestic questionnaire and underwent SPT with a panel of common inhalant allergens and also A and C supplied by three different laboratories, to allow for manufacturer bias. Specific scrum IgE determination was carried out only in subjects with SPT positivity to A and/or C with an immunoassay system. In nine European allergology centers, a total of 877 subjects was enrolled in the trial; 83 of them showed SPT positivity to A and/or C; only nine patients showed monosensitization to A , and none to C The highest percentage of positive subjects was found in Spain (20%); the lowest in Portugal (3%). In the other seven centers, the variation was 7–10%. The age range of mold-positive subjects was 5–60 years. Rhinitis was by far the most common symptom, whether associated or not with asthma and/or conjunctivitis.     

１株海洋来源真菌Cladosporium halotolerans次级代谢产物的研究

摘 要：目的 对１株来源于中国西沙群岛的珊瑚Sarcophyton trocheliophorum共附生真菌Cladosporium halotolerans（18XS79ZP-2）进行次级代谢产物的化学成分研究。方法 利用薄层色谱、硅胶柱层析、高效液相色谱和中压制备液相色谱等分离手段对真菌Cladosporium halotolerans的次级代谢产物进行分离、纯化；运用核磁共振波谱、质谱等方法，并通过与报道的数据进行对比，对化合物的化学结构进行鉴定。结果 从真菌Cladosporium halotolerans的次级代谢产物中分离鉴定10个化合物，分别为1-Acetyl-β-carboline（1）、(K)-3a-hydroxyfuroindoline（2）、3-Hydroxyacetylindole（3）、(R)-3-Hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)indolin-2-one（4）、(R)-3-hydroxy-3-( 2"-oxopro-pyl) indolin-2-one（5）、Nb-acetyltryptamine（6）、cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Leu)（7）、cyclo(L-Pro-L-Phe（8）、cyclo-(L-Val-L-Tyr)（9）、cyclo-(L-Val-L-Leu)（10）。结论 从真菌Cladosporium halotolerans的次级代谢产物中分离得到10个已知化合物，化学结构类型分别属于β-carboline类生物碱、吲哚类生物碱和二酮哌嗪类生物碱。化合物1~10均为首次从真菌Cladosporium halotolerans中得到。