Long-term Changes in Depressive Symptoms and Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Risk of All-Cause Mortality: The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study

Objective

To assess the independent and combined associations of long-term changes in depressive symptoms (DSs) and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) with all-cause mortality.

多功能康复腰围的研制与临床应用

为拓展腰椎间盘突出症保守治疗的新领域,在总结以往经验的基础上,研制多功能康复腰围,为观察其临床效果,将３８５例患者随机分为两组,其中１８９例为观察组,于牵引后应用此腰围;另１９６例为对照组,除不应用多功能康复腰围外,其它治疗手段相同,结果表明,多功能康复腰转应用于腰椎间盘突出症牵引治疗后的病人,能消除其平卧时的腰部空虚感,缓解腰肌痉挛,减轻腰痛,支撑和保护腰部,改善腰椎生理曲度,提高临床治愈率。     

脉冲电磁场治疗原发性骨质疏松近期疗效观察

目的观察脉冲电磁场对原发性骨质疏松患者的骨密度及生化指标的改善情况.方法治疗组采用Union-2000型骨质疏松治疗系统联合钙尔奇D片,治疗共60 d,而对照组采用钙尔奇D片,连用60d.治疗前后分别测定骨密度、血骨钙素、尿羟脯氨酸和临床腰背痛评分,测定结果用SPSS软件,分别进行组内和组间比较.结果①对照组治疗前后骨密度（L2-L4）无明显变化,治疗组治疗后与治疗前比较骨密度有所增加,但无统计学意义;②对照组治疗前后临床腰背痛评分无明显差异,治疗组治疗后临床腰背痛评分较治疗前明显增加;③对照组治疗前后血骨钙素无统计学差别,治疗组治疗后骨钙素水平较治疗前明显升高;④对照组治疗前后尿羟脯氨酸浓度无统计学差异,治疗组治疗前后尿羟脯氨酸无统计学差异.结论脉冲电磁场治疗原发性骨质疏松在缓解临床骨痛症状方面效果十分显著,并且能够明显提高患者的骨形成速率,而对骨吸收速率无明显影响.但本研究观察脉冲电磁场中对骨密度无明显改善,这可能是与随访时间较短有关.     

Waist circumference and risk of breast cancer in Korean women: A nationwide cohort study

Although postmenopausal breast cancer (BC) risk has been linked to adiposity, associations between adiposity and premenopausal BC remain unclear. To address this question, we investigated the association of BC risk with measures of adiposity, including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), in a large cohort of Asian women. We used a nationwide cohort of adult Korean women selected from the National Health Insurance Corporation database merged with national health examination data from 2009 to 2015. A total of 11,227,948 women were tracked to retrospectively identify incident cases of BC. Our analysis used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate hazard ratios and assess the association of BC risk with BMI and/or WC in both pre‐ and postmenopausal women. BMI and WC were robustly associated with increased risk for postmenopausal BC (p_trend<0.001 for both BMI and WC) but not with premenopausal BC. Association between WC and premenopausal BC was only statistically significant when considering BMI (p_trend=0.044). In contrast, postmenopausal BC was negatively associated with WC when considering BMI (p_trend=0.011). In premenopausal women, WC may predict increased BC risk when considering BMI. However, in postmenopausal women, WC is not superior to BMI as an indicator of BC risk.     

腰椎间盘脱出症的家庭康复

目的：了解“腰痛指数”判断腰椎间盘脱出症的客观性,以研究家庭病床对该病康复治疗的可行性。方法：对８３例家庭病床自我康复组与５０例门诊常规治疗组比较研究。结果：经２ａ随访观察,家庭康复组远期显效率为８９．１６％,门诊治疗组为６６．００％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：家庭康复是腰椎间盘脱出症的实用有效的康复模式。     

Association of Untreated Metabolic Syndrome With Moderate to Severe Periodontitis in Thai Population

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) correlates with systemic inflammation. A relation of MetS to periodontitis has been reported. This study aims to evaluate whether periodontitis is associated with untreated MetS, plasma adiponectin, and leptin among Thai people. Methods: One hundred twenty‐five participants (aged 35 to 76 years) were recruited. Demographic and biologic data, bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) of all teeth were examined. Plasma adiponectin and leptin levels were measured. Results: Forty‐four participants (35.2%) were healthy, and 81 (64.8%) had MetS. All periodontal conditions (BOP, PD, and CAL) were significantly worse in patients with MetS than healthy participants. After adjustment for confounders, MetS was strongly associated with severe periodontitis (odds ratio [OR] = 3.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34 to 9.65). MetS with four to five components had a higher association with periodontitis than did MetS with three components (OR = 5.49, 95% CI: 1.75 to 17.19), whereas each separate component had no association with periodontitis, except for high diastolic blood pressure. Periodontitis was also associated with age (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.14) and education (OR = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.05 to 13.40). The risk of MetS was predicted by body mass index and plasma adiponectin (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.24 to 2.92 and OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88 to 0.98, respectively). Conclusions: There may be a relationship between untreated MetS and periodontitis in Thai people. Periodontal diagnosis should be regularly conducted in patients with MetS.     

Hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in Chinese hypertension patients

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), the most common target organ damage in patients with hypertension, is closely related to excessive visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation in the body. The hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTHW) phenotype can act as a surrogate marker of excessive VAT. However, the relationship between the HTHW phenotype and LVH in patients with hypertension remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate whether the HTHW phenotype is associated with LVH, using echocardiography in a cross-sectional study involving 4470 middle-aged and older Chinese patients with hypertension. Logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with the HTHW phenotype were 1.52-fold more likely to experience LVH than those with normal triglyceride levels and normal waist circumference. This association was independent of age, sex, and other potentially confounding factors. In the stratified analysis, a stronger correlation was found among women, people of at least 70 years of age, and people with hyperuricemia. These results suggest that distinguishing the HTHW phenotype in patients with hypertension could serve as a simple and effective screening strategy for identifying people with a higher risk of developing LVH.     

老年人体脂率预测公式的构建及验证

目的 基于常用人体测量学数据和人口学数据构建老年人体脂率预测公式,并验证其预测效果。方法 采用分层便利抽样法采集1 025名老年人的人体测量学数据(身高、体质量及腰围等)、人口学数据(性别、年龄等)和体脂率数据。随机分为建模组(820名)和验证组(205名)。以生物电阻抗分析仪(BIA)测得的体脂率为金标准,采用多元线性逐步回归分析法构建预测公式,ROC曲线下面积评价其预测效能,Bland-Altman散点图和林氏一致性系数验证预测公式与BIA的一致性。结果 BMI、性别、身高、腰围、年龄进入体脂率预测公式。预测公式ROC曲线下面积为0.910,灵敏度为92.9%,特异度为89.1%。预测公式与BIA测得体脂率的差值均数为-0.021%,95%一致性区间(LOA)为(-6.605%,6.562%),95%LOA的95%CI为(-7.397%,7.354%);与BIA测得体脂率的林氏一致性系数为0.883。结论 构建的老年人体脂率预测公式可靠,可用于老年人肥胖预防与管理。     

Individual Diet Modification Reduces the Metabolic Syndrome in Patients Before Pharmacological Treatment

Modification of lifestyle, including healthy nutrition, is the primary approach for metabolic syndrome (MetS) therapy. The aim of this study was to estimate how individual nutrition intervention affects the reduction of MetS components. Subjects diagnosed with MetS were recruited in the Lomza Medical Centre. The study group consisted of 90 participants and was divided into one intervention group (individual nutrition education group (INEG)) and one control group (CG). The research was conducted over 3 months. The following measurements were obtained during the first visit and after completion of the 3 months intervention: body mass, waist circumference, body composition, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and blood lipids. Dietary assessments were performed before and post-intervention using 3-day 24-h dietary recalls. Dietary knowledge was evaluated with the KomPAN questionnaire. The total polyphenol content of the diet was calculated. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were collected from a self-reported questionnaire. The physical activity was assessed by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). It was found that the individual nutrition education was an effective method to improve the knowledge, dietary habits, and physical activity of the study participants. The modification of the diet in terms of higher intake of polyphenols (flavonoids and anthocyanins), fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), PUFA n-3, and lower intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) had a significant impact on the improvement of some MetS risk factors (waist circumference, fasting glucose, and HDL-cholesterol).     

New indices in predicting cardiometabolic risk and its relation to endothelial dysfunction in adolescents: The HELENA study

Background and aimsBlood pressure (BP) changes and insulin resistance (IR) are important cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors; their early identification can contribute to the reduction of cardiovascular events in adulthood. This necessitates the search for more accessible and easily applied indicators for their prediction. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the predictive power of the indices, TyG, TG/HDL-c, height-corrected lipid accumulation product (HLAP), and visceral adiposity index (VAI), in identifying the CMR obtained by high BP and IR and to verify their relationship with biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in European adolescents.Methods and resultsThe anthropometric data and blood biomarkers of 744 adolescents (343 boys and 401 girls) from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence Cross-Sectional Study (HELENA-CSS), with a mean age of 14.67 (SD 1.15) years, were assessed. The adolescents were then classified according to the presence or absence of high BP and IR. The cut-off points of the indices evaluated for the identification of CMR were determined. The relationship between CMR diagnosed using these indices and ED biomarkers was tested. The HLAP and TG/HDL-c were fair predictors of CMR obtained by IR in male adolescents. These indices showed association with hsCRP in sVCAM-1 in boys, but it lost significance after adjusting for age and body mass index.ConclusionTG/HDL-c and HLAP indices showed a fair performance in predicting CMR, obtained by IR, in male adolescents. ED showed no association with the CMR identified by the indices.