The clinical and angiographic spectrum of isolated,nondominant, left circumflex coronary disease

Sixteen of 994 patients with arteriosclerotic heart disease and dominant right coronary arteries had isolated left circumflex obstruction. Of these, 6 patients had significant (75%) narrowing in the main circumflex, 10 in 1 of the marginal branches and 1 in the atrioventricular groove branch. Angina was mild in 5, moderate to severe in 8, and unstable in 1. Four patients had prior myocardial infarction (MI), and 1 had a recent MI complicated by posterior papillary muscle rupture. The EKG was normal in 5, showed an MI in 2, LBBB in 1, RBBB in 2, ST-T wave changes in 3, LVH in 2, and atrial fibrillation in 2. Left ventricular angiography performed in the right anterior oblique projection revealed normal contraction in 9 patients, apical hypokinesis in 4, posterobasal hypokinesis in 1, and diffuse hypokinesis in 2. The left ventricular end diastolic pressure was normal in 11 patients and elevated in 5. The cardiac index was normal in 12 patients and reduced in 2. Isolated, nondominant, left circumflex coronary disease is an uncommon entity in symptomatic patients. However, when present, it may produce significant clinical and hemodynamic impairment.     

Toll样受体4及肿瘤坏死因子α在早产儿外周血水平及其与早产儿脑损伤预后的关系

目的观察早产儿出生时外周血Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor 4,TLR-4)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)的水平及校正胎龄6个月龄时智力发育测试(CDCC)结果,探讨其在早产发生机制中的作用及其与早产儿脑损伤预后的关系,为预防早产及对脑损伤早期干预提供依据。方法新生儿120例,分为:足月儿40例、胎膜早破早产儿40例和特发性早产儿40例。采用ELISA检测新生儿外周静脉血中TLR-4、TNF-α的水平,校正胎龄达6个月时做婴幼儿CDCC。结果两组早产儿血清TLR-4、TNF-α水平均高于足月新生儿组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组早产儿血清TLR-4、TNF-α均呈正相关,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。随访CDCC异常者出生时外周血清中TLR-4、TNF-α水平明显高于正常者水平,二者比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论早产儿血清TLR-4、TNF-α水平均高于足月新生儿,提示细胞因子TLR-4、TNF-α的激活与胎膜早破早产、特发性早产分娩发动机制密切相关;TLR-4、TNF-α呈正相关性,提示TLR-4可能作为上游因子通过激活细胞因子TNF-α而发挥促进早产分娩的作用。早产儿出生时外周血中TLR-4、TNF-α水平可作为早期判断脑损伤预后的指标。     

Direct estimation of the frequency of human cytotoxic T lymphocytes and their precursors following in vitro allosensitization

Cell mediated lympholysis (CML) has been proposed as an in vitro model of the rejection process that results from transplantation of allogeneic tissue. To date, the absolute frequencies of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and their precursors (CTL.P) have not been directly estimated in man because of technical difficulties. Through optimizing the conditions for radiometric detection of 51Cr release and the attendant improvement in CML sensitivity, direct CTL frequency estimates have been determined in peripheral blood (PBL), spleen (SPL), and lymph nodes (LNC) after in vitro allostimulation using unrelated human cells and limiting dilution assays. The mean frequency of CTL generated from PBL is 1 in 826 cells (0.121% +/- 0.101%) which, from preliminary experiments, is significantly greater than that generated from either LNC or SPL (p less than 0.05). With restimulation of primed cells on day 10, the frequency of CTL generated from PBL was increased 400%. The CTL.P frequency (0.0064% +/- 0.0050%) was approximately 5% of the corresponding CTL frequency. The CTL.P frequencies were found to be minimal estimates as both accessory "filler" cells and T cell growth factors increased the level of detection of CTL.P an average of threefold. The limiting cell dilution assay as detailed in this report should be a powerful tool for defining the cellular requirements and related factors necessary for optimal induction of a CTL response and should provide the means for determination of the immunogenetic requirements and the allospecificity of human cytotoxic lymphocytes.     

妊娠完全性子宫破裂9例临床分析

目的 探讨妊娠完全性子宫破裂的高危因素、临床特点及预后.方法 回顾性分析2014年1月至2017年4月沈阳市妇婴医院收治的9例妊娠完全性子宫破裂患者的临床资料,对患者的年龄、孕产史、孕周、既往手术史、此次妊娠距手术间隔时间、子宫破裂的位置、临床处理及母婴结局进行归纳总结.结果 9例妊娠合并完全性子宫破裂患者中,剖宫产术后瘢痕子宫前次剖宫产切口破裂3例(1例剖宫产切口妊娠并子宫破裂,2例为剖宫产术后瘢痕子宫中期引产)、腹腔镜子宫肌瘤术后瘢痕子宫2例、剖宫产合并腹腔镜输卵管手术后妊娠1例,腹腔镜输卵管手术后妊娠1例,双子宫1例,原因不明1例(有刮宫术病史).表现为持续性下腹痛7例,无典型子宫破裂的临床表现2例.9例均行子宫修补术,产后出血5例,输红细胞4例,无产妇死亡;1例胎死宫内,4例新生儿结局良好,3例为引产及剖宫产切口妊娠,1例新生儿窒息后死亡.结论 剖宫产史再次妊娠有子宫破裂的风险,应将所有曾接受子宫体部、输卵管手术的患者、子宫畸形、胎盘植入、多次孕产史的无子宫瘢痕孕妇视为发生子宫破裂的高危人群,以便早期识别和处理子宫破裂.     

Effects of meclofenamate and captopril on blood flow to the kidney and spleen in conscious rabbits subjected to mild haemorrhage

1. Regional haemodynamic responses to mild haemorrhage were studied in three groups each of seven conscious rabbits, in the presence of either buffer, the prostaglandin cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor meclofenamate, or the kininase II inhibitor captopril. 2. Renal and splenic vasoconstriction occurred with meclofenamate in haemorrhaged animals, and were accentuated by the subsequent administration of captopril. 3. Captopril alone caused mild renal vasodilatation, but subsequent administration of meclofenamate again caused vasoconstriction. 4. Flow to the adrenal coronary, cerebral and hepatic artery circulations was unaffected by meclofenamate or captopril after haemorrhage. 5. The results indicated that the enhanced vasopressor activity occurring during haemorrhage greatly increased the dependence on vasodilator prostaglandins of flow to the renal and splenic vascular beds. 6. The vasoconstrictor effect of meclofenamate does not appear to be due to unopposed action of angiotensin II when prostaglandin synthesis is suppressed.     

易损斑块实验动物模型及评价

针对易损斑块这一心血管病领域研究的热点,就近年来易损斑块的实验动物模型的文献进行简要概述。具体从易损斑块的概念、动物模型研究的意义、各模型易损斑块组织病理学特征,斑块易损性评价及国内的研究现状等方面做介绍。     

腹部闭合性损伤中肝脾破裂的非手术治疗

目的探讨腹部闭合性损伤肝脾破裂非手术治疗的适应证及治疗措施。方法3年来14例腹部闭合性损伤肝脾破裂非手术治疗的临床资料。男11例,女3例。平均年龄39·5岁。肝破裂5例,脾破裂9例。结果14例患者中,4例肝破裂、8例脾破裂经非手术治疗痊愈,1例肝破裂、1例脾破裂转手术治疗。结论对伤情轻,血流动力学稳定的伤员非手术治疗是安全、经济的。血流动力学稳定是最重要的适应证,腹腔积血量、症状和体征可作为参考。     

Tracheal rupture in complicated delivery: A case report and review of the literature

A case of distal tracheal rupture is described, literature review reveals two previously reported cases of neonatal distal tracheal rupture, as well as 14 cases of anterior subglottic rupture. All patients had shoulder dystocia, and 59% had associated brachial plexus injury. Delayed diagnosis (>3 days) was common in the distal tracheal group (66%), compared to 0% in the anterior subglottic group. The 2 distal tracheal rupture patients were initially managed conservatively, but ultimately required open repair. Distal tracheal rupture is exceedingly rare and more difficult to diagnose and manage than the more common anterior subglottic rupture.     

MMP-9和iNOS在胎膜早破胎膜组织中的表达及相关性研究

目的: 探讨基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)在胎膜早破胎膜组织中的表达及相关性。 方法: 选择2010年4月-2011年1月我院在临产前行剖宫产终止妊娠的孕妇60例,分为早产胎膜早破组(pPROM)、足月胎膜早破组(tPROM)和正常足月妊娠组(对照组),每组各20例,采用免疫组织化学方法检测胎膜中MMP-9和iNOS的 表达,分析其差异性及相关性;同时取静脉血及羊水,应用ELISA法进行MMP-9 定量检测;采用HE染色检测胎膜,分析MMP-9、iNOS与绒毛膜羊膜炎的关系。结果: MMP-9在tPROM组和pPROM组胎膜组织、母血及羊水中的表达水平均高于对照组(P<0.01),iNOS在pPROM组胎膜中的表达水平高于对照组(P<0.01)。绒毛膜羊膜炎孕妇胎膜中的MMP-9(P<0.05)和iNOS(P<0.01)表达水平均高于非绒毛膜羊膜炎,二者呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论: MMP-9和iNOS表达升高与pPROM及绒毛膜羊膜炎的发生相关;MMP-9和iNOS在PROM发病机制中存在关联作用。