重组人生长激素在重型颅脑损伤中的应用

目的探讨重组的人生长激素(rhGH)在重型颅脑损伤患者中的应用价值。方法46例重型颅脑损伤患者在肠内、肠外营养支持的基础上分成rhGH组与对照组,rhGH组伤后第7天每日皮下注射思增8IU,共10d。应用后第7、14日检测血清总蛋白、白蛋白、转铁蛋白及前白蛋白。结果rhGH组(n=20)第14天血清总蛋白、白蛋白、转铁蛋白及前白蛋白浓度高于对照组(n=26)(P<0.05)。结论重型颅脑损伤患者应用rhGH能改善机体对营养底物的利用率,促进蛋白合成、减轻重型颅脑损伤后低蛋白血症。     

Blood platelets in severely injured burned patients

Unbelievable decrease of blood-platelet in the severely burned patients during the treatment of skingrafting caused two patients to unexpected death. From the records of changes of platelet number, a certain ‘platelet curve’ was made. By observing the curve, our treatments of skingrafting were carried out during the stable period and from then on we had no death cases.     

Antibody-dependent neutrophil-mediated parasite killing in non-lethal rodent malaria

The effects of administrating recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and passively transferring immune serum on infection with an attenuated variant of Plasmodium berghei XAT (Pb XAT), in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice were examined. In immune competent (C.B-17) mice, the attenuated parasite infection was inevitably self-resolving and degenerating forms inside erythrocytes appeared, coinciding with the drop in parasitaemia, whereas SCID mice were unable to control parasite growth and all the mice died. Continuous administration with rhG-CSF caused neutrophilic granulocytosis in both SCID and C.B-17 mice. The effect of rhG-CSF on the infection in C.B-17 mice was to suppress the course of the parasitaemia at an early phase whereas it had no effect in SCID mice. When immune serum was transferred on the day of infection, the prepatent period was prolonged two days in both SCID and C.B-17 mice. When administration with rhG-CSF was combined with transfer of immune serum, SCID mice showed four days delay in patency and degenerating parasites were seen during the course of parasitaemia, although the infection was ultimately fatal. C.B-17 mice similarly treated showed a seven day delay in the onset of the patent parasitaemia which was of a lesser magnitude and shorter in duration compared with control mice. On the other hand, when C.B-17 mice were splenectomized three weeks before infection and then treated with rhG-CSF and immune serum, no degenerating parasites were seen during the infection and all mice died with high parasitaemias. These results show that antibody-dependent neutrophil-mediated parasite killing may occur in the spleen of mice infected with P. berghei XAT.     

老年急性重症胆管炎的外科治疗(附76例分析)

目的：探讨老年急性重症胆管炎(ACST)的外科治疗。方法：总结60岁以上老年ACST76例，根据病程分段统计手术后并发症率和死亡率。结果：病程在1天以内手术者，并发症率为10．0％，死亡率为0；1～3天手术者，并发症率为21．9％，死亡率为6．3％；3天以上手术者，并发症率为64.3％，死亡率为28．8％。三组之间比较有显著差异(P＜0．01)。结论：老年人ACST治疗上应早期手术，解除胆道梗阻，建立通畅的胆道引流；手术应简捷，尽量缩短手术时间。     

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired chronic hemolytic anemia associated with an unusual susceptibility to hemolytic crisis, infection, and venous thrombosis which would be aggravated by a number of factors including surgery. We report a case of PNH undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and discuss the corresponding perioperative management.     

Pemphigus Vulgaris Associated with Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Elevated TNFα

A 76-year-old female was admitted with many bullae and erythema on her trunk and extremities. A biopsy specimen showed significant intercellular edema in the lower epidermis and eosinophilic infiltration into the dermis and the epidermis. Immunofluorescent staining revealed the deposition of IgG in the intercellular area of her prickle cells. From these histologic findings and the typical clinical features, we diagnosed her as having pemphigus vulgaris. Examination of her blood revealed that she also suffered from autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Despite intensive treatment with prednisolone, she finally died. This case is of interest because of its rarity and the TNFα detected significantly in the blister fluid of this patient.     

Prediction of severe postoperative complications in patients admitted to neuroanaesthesia

The purpose of this study was to identify factors which will predict the risk of severe postoperative complications in individual patients in a neurosurgical unit. Eleven risk factors were investigated in 363 neurosurgical patients, of whom 40 (11%) developed postoperative complications requiring mechanical ventilation for more than 24 h in an intensive care unit, 16 were found to be severely disabled or in a vegetative state at follow-up 1 month after admission, and 28 patients died. By applying stepwise, logistic regression analysis to the patient's data, we were able to select two significant risk variables, i.e. the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 8 or less preoperatively and emergency anaesthesia. The presence of GCS 8 or less on the consciousness scale was associated with postoperative complications in approximately 40% of the cases. Emergency patients with severe neurological damage had the greatest risk of postoperative complications (93%). Fatal outcome for patients with postoperative complications was seen in 40% of the cases.     

单用达那唑治疗慢性再生障碍性贫血19例临床观察

单用达那唑（ＤＮＺ）治疗１９例慢性再生障碍性贫血（ＣＡＡ）病人。结果表明，基本治愈１例，缓解５例，明显进步７例，有效者共１３例，总有效率为６８．４％，初治者５／７例有效，有效率为７１．４％；复治者８／１２例有效，有效率为６６．７％。治疗后与治疗前比较，血红蛋白、白细胞、血小板和网织红细胞均明显升高（Ｐ＜０．００１）；骨髓红系、粒系及巨核细胞明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０５）；Ｔ辅助细胞（ＣＤ４）明显增加、Ｔ抑制细胞（ＣＤ８）明显降低，ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。并结合文献对ＤＮＺ的作用原理进行讨论。     

乙二胺四乙酸铁钠强化酱油改善贫血效果观察

本研究比较了NaFeEDTA强化酱油、硫酸亚铁 (FeSO4)强化酱油对IDA改善效果。将 30 0名IDA学生分为对照组、NaFeEDTA强化酱油组Fe 5mg (人·日 )、FeSO4强化酱油组Fe5mg (人·日 ) ,比较新型铁强化剂 (NaFeEDTA)与传统铁剂 (FeSO4)对缺铁性贫血的改善作用。结果表明 ,对照组各项检验指标干预前后没有显著差异。其它各试验组呈现出较为一致的变化 ,表现为血红蛋白、血清铁、血清铁蛋白含量的显著性增加和原卟啉、总铁结合力、转铁蛋白的显著性下降。试验结果提示 ,乙二胺四乙酸铁钠与传统铁剂 (硫酸盐铁 )强化酱油均有改善学生贫血的作用 ,并且NaFeEDTA组的贫血改善率和Hb恢复水平优于FeSO4组。     

应用联合减压术治疗中晚期脑疝疗效观察

目的　观察联合减压术治疗特重型颅脑损伤合并嵌顿性脑疝的效果。方法　将 97例格拉斯哥昏迷评分 (GCS) 3～ 5分的特重型颅脑损伤合并嵌顿性脑疝患者随机分为两组 ,分别采用联合减压术 (46例 )与常规骨瓣开颅术 (5 1例 )治疗 ,术后两组均经常规治疗。随访 1～ 32个月 ,平均 7个月。比较两组患者临床疗效、颅内压变化及并发症发生率。结果　联合减压治疗组有效率为 80 .4 % (37/ 4 6例 ) ,其中恢复良好、中残2 7例 (占 5 8.7% ) ,重残 10例 (占 2 1.7% ) ,死亡 9例 (占 19.6 % ) ;常规骨瓣开颅术对照组有效率为 33.4 %(17/ 5 1例 ) ,其中恢复良好、中残 6例 (占 11.8% ) ,重残 11例 (占 2 1.6 % ) ,死亡 34例 (占 6 6 .6 % ) ,两组有效率和病死率比较差异均有显著性 (P均 <0 .0 1)。联合减压治疗组患者颅内压下降速度和程度优于常规骨瓣开颅术对照组 (P<0 .0 5 )。联合减压治疗组患者的急性脑膨出、切口疝、切口脑脊液漏、外伤性癫疒间及术后枕叶脑梗死发生率均明显低于常规骨瓣开颅术对照组 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1) ,但两组术后颅内感染发生率差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　联合减压术治疗特重脑损伤合并嵌顿性脑疝患者的疗效优于常规骨瓣开颅术。