急性心肌梗塞患者血清唾液酸含量测定

本文测定了５０例正常人，３２例急性心肌梗塞，５４例冠心病无梗塞者血清ＳＡ水平，结果表明，急性心肌梗塞组血清ＳＡ水平与冠心病无梗塞组及正常人相比，具显著性差异，可能与心肌梗塞造成心肌细胞受损所致使细胞表面成份释放入血有关，所以血清ＳＡ测定可提供一新的心肌梗塞诊断依据。     

玉米油和猪油对大鼠血脂血糖代谢和脑脂褐质影响的比较研究

采用幼年ＳＤ雄性大鼠３０只，体重１５０±２０ｇ，随机分成三组，每组１０只：（１）基础饲料组：普通大鼠饲料；（２）猪油组：基础饲料中加入１０％猪油和１．５％胆固醇；（３）玉米油组：在基础饲料中加入１０％玉米油和１．５％胆固醇，饲养９周，比较玉米油和猪油对大鼠血脂血糖和脑脂褐质的不同影响。结果表明，玉米油组ＴＣ和ＬＤＬ－Ｃ水平较猪油组低，虽然两组均高于基础饲料组。玉米油组的ＨＤＬ－Ｃ比猪油升高不显著，但ＨＤＬ－Ｃ／ＴＣ（％）增加，同时ＬＤＬ－Ｃ／ＨＤＬ－Ｃ比值下降。基础饲料组，猪油组和玉米油组的大鼠平均血清ＴＧ分别为１.２８，１.２１和１.４５（ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ），各组之间的差别不显著。高脂饲料组动物的空腹血糖（ＳＧ）较基础饲料组高，但差别无统计学意义。三组不同饲料大鼠的脑脂褐质（ＬＰＦ）含量测定结果显示:基础饲料组大鼠的ＬＰＦ平均值１２.９Ｕ／ｇ蛋白质，而玉米油组和猪油组均明显升高，分别为２８.３和２８.８Ｕ／ｇ蛋白质。在以血脂各项指标为自常量，大脑ＬＰＦ含量为因变量的相关分析中发现，ＬＰＦ与ＴＣ和ＬＤＬ－Ｃ呈正相关，相关系数分别为０.６９１和０.５４７，Ｐ＜０.０１．     

Development of Activity Assays for High-Volume Evaluation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Protease Inhibitors in Rat Serum: Results with Ditekiren

We showed previously that a commercially available synthetic tetradecapeptide, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-Ser, produces authentic angiotensin I (Ang I) upon incubation with the HIV-1 protease (S. K. Sharma et al., Anal. Biochem. 198:363, 1991). Therefore, we developed an Ang-I based activity assay for HIV protease inhibitors based on the technology developed earlier (M. J. Ruwart et al., Pharm. Res. 7:407, 1990; S. K. Sharma et al., Anal. Biochem. 186:24, 1990) for tracking renin inhibitors in rat sera. Ditekiren was either extracted from sera with ethyl acetate or assayed after the interfering substances in sera were precipitated with acetonitrile. Purified recombinant HIV-1 protease was added to extracted rat serum and the enzymatic reaction was initiated in the presence of the tetradecapeptide substrate. The inhibition of Ang I production was measured by a commercially available RIA kit. The cleanup methodology also enabled a commercially available Proteinase Scintillation Proximity Assay (SPA, Amersham) to quantify ditekiren in rat serum through the addition of recombinant HIV-1 protease and cleavage of substrate from SPA beads. Results were confirmed by HPLC or by the renin assay for ditekiren, which inhibits both aspartyl proteases. These technologies should prove useful for assessing serum levels of HIV protease inhibitors in rat.     

Effect of haemodialysis on serum levels of tumour markers in patients with end-stage renal failure

SUMMARY: We studied the effect of haemodialysis on the serum levels of tumour markers in 78 patients, 49 men and 29 women with a mean age of 61 ± 2 years, who had been undergoing haemodialysis for 39 ± 10 months. No patient had any clinical evidence of malignancy. Serum values of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), squamous-cell-carcinoma-related antigen (SCC), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), CA 15-3, CA 19–9, and among males prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were determined before and after dialysis. Postdialysis values, after being corrected for haemoconcentration, were compared with predialysis values. A significant increase of 32% was observed in NSE levels ( P <0.001) and of 21% in CA 15-3 ( P <0.001) after haemodialysis. A lesser, but still statistically significant, increase (8-12%) was observed in SCC, AFP and CEA levels ( P <0.05), while the values of the remaining three markers remained unchanged. In conclusion, an increase in some tumour markers was found in our patients after dialysis, a finding which requires further investigation.     

测定左旋吡喹酮血药浓度的反相高效液相色谱法

本文建立了测定左旋吡喹酮血药浓度的高效液相色谱分析方法.以ODS-C_(18)化学键合相(5μm)作为固定相,甲醇:水(7:3V/V)作为流动相;用吡喹酮的衍生物作为内标准品.采用紫外检测器(λ=220nm),得出检出限为2.5ng,最低检出血药浓度为0.012μg/ml血清,线性范围为0.012～1.6μg/ml血清(γ=0.999),方法回收率为93.4～97.2%.本法简便、灵敏、专一、重现性好,适用于左旋吡喹酮血药浓度测定及药物动力学研究     

Variation in serum binding of tertatolol mediated by disease-induced modification of alpha-acid glycoprotein concentration

Summary The serum concentrations of ₁-acid glycoprotein (AAG), albumin (HSA) and non-esterified fatty acids, and the serum binding of tertatolol were measured in four groups of individuals: healthy control subjects (n=24), and patients with inflammation (n=28), and hepatic (n=20) and renal (n=27) insufficiency.Serum binding of tertatolol was increased in patients with inflammation (94.6%), decreased in patients with hepatic insufficiency (88.8%) and it was unchanged in patients with renal insufficiency (92.8%) as compared to controls (92.7%).Multivariate analysis indicated that the changes were mainly related to concomitant changes in AAG concentration, which could account for 57% of intersubject variability in the bound/free ratio, and to a lesser extent in HSA, which accounted for only 4% of the variability in the binding.The data show that the free fraction of the basic drug tertatolol in serum is affected by pathological conditions that cause changes in AAG concentration.     

香萱解郁方对血清剥夺诱导HT22细胞损伤模型的神经保护作用

探讨香萱解郁方含药血清对血清剥夺致小鼠海马神经元HT22细胞损伤模型的影响。方法 采用血清剥夺培养HT22细胞建立神经损伤体外模型,实验分为对照组、模型组和中药组［中药组A（含药血清15%浓度）、中药组B（含药血清20%浓度）］,各组血清剥夺12 h后,通过CCK8法检测各组细胞活力,确定15%浓度含药血清干预后细胞的存活率最高,设定为后续实验中药组的药物浓度。免疫荧光染色法检测神经元特异性微管蛋白（β-Tubulin Ⅲ）在各组中的表达,蛋白质免疫印迹法及qPCR法检测脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）蛋白及其mRNA在各组中的表达。结果 在加药后培养12 h,中药组的细胞活力明显高于对照组与模型组（P＜0.001）。培养24 h,模型组细胞活力较对照组明显下降（P＜0.001）,中药组较模型组明显提高（P＜0.001）。培养36 h,模型组细胞活力较对照组显著下降（P＜0.001）,中药组较模型组明显提高（P＜0.001）。模型组BDNF蛋白含量及 BDNF mRNA表达量较对照组显著降低（P＜0.05,P＜0.001）,模型组少数神经元长出突起;中药组BDNF蛋白含量及BDNF mRNA表达量较模型组显著增加（P＜0.05）,中药组HT22细胞轴突突起长度和分支增加,β-Tubulin Ⅲ阳性表达明显增多。结论 香萱解郁方含药血清对血清剥夺诱导小鼠海马神经元HT22细胞损伤具有神经保护作用,可能与促进BDNF蛋白表达有关     

依达拉奉联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗心源性脑梗死的疗效及对血清CXCL12、UCH-L1、HC-gp39水平的影响

目的 探究依达拉奉联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗心源性脑梗死的疗效及对血清趋化因子12（CXCL12）、泛素C末端水解酶L1（UCH-L1）、人类软骨糖蛋白-39（HC-gp39）水平的影响。方法 选取2020年3月—2022年4月达州市中心医院收治的90例心源性脑梗死患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,各45例。对照组给予瑞舒伐他汀治疗,观察组给予依达拉奉联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗。比较两组疗效、CXCL12、UCH-L1、HC-gp39、血液流变学指标、血脂水平及美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表（NIHSS）评分。结果 观察组总有效率高于对照组（P <0.05）。观察组治疗前后血清CXCL12、UCH-L1、HC-gp39水平的差值高于对照组（P <0.05）。观察组治疗前后全血低切黏度、全血高切黏度及纤维蛋白原水平的差值高于对照组（P <0.05）。观察组治疗前后TC、TG、LDL-C水平的差值高于对照组（P <0.05）。观察组治疗前后NIHSS评分的差值高于对照组（P <0.05）。结论 依达拉奉联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗心源性心肌梗死可有效提高患者临床疗效,改善血液流变学指标、血脂、神经功能及炎症反应。     

Soman intoxication-induced changes in serum acute phase protein levels,corticosterone concentration and immunosuppressive potency of the serum

We have studied the effect of soman intoxication on serum acute phase reactants (APR) levels, and the relationship of the APR and corticosterone concentrations and the immunosuppressive activity of the serum. One day after the injection of 1.8 LD₅₀ soman the concentrations of ₂-macroglobulin (₂-MG) and ₁-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in the serum of antidote protected rats increased 4- and 7-fold, respectively, whereas those of hemopexin (Hx), haptoglobin (Hp) and cysteine protease inhibitor (CPI) were two to three times higher than in the controls. A similar magnitude of increase of serum acute phase reactants levels was observed when 0.3 LD₅₀ soman was administered at 24-h intervals over the 5-day period. The relationship of changes in the APR concentration, corticosterone level and immunosuppressive activity of the serum was also comparable to that observed in the acute phase response to tissue injury.     

A reevaluation of the status of cholesterol in erythrocytes infected by Plasmodium knowlesi and P. falciparum

The cholesterol synthesis of rhesus monkey erythrocytes parasitized by Plasmodium knowlesi and human erythrocytes infected by P. falciparum, as measured by incorporation of [1-¹⁴C]acetate and ³H₂O, was almost undetectable, concordant with very low levels of measurable 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl-CoA reductase activity. In addition, both types of infected cells exchanged cholesterol with the plasma at the same rate as uninfected cells. The data do not exclude the possibility of cholesterol transfer from uninfected to infected cells.