Long‐term outcomes in patients with restrictive filling following ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction

This study evaluated the effect of restrictive filling pattern (RFP) on 5‐year outcomes in patients following ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). A hundred STEMI patients treated either by rescue or primary percutaneous coronary intervention with an echocardiogram performed within 6 weeks of STEMI comprised the study group. Creatinine kinase (CK) and left ventricular ejection fraction were independent determinants of RFP, and RFP was an independent predictor of cardiac and all‐cause mortality at median follow up of 5 years.     

Cryptogenic left main thrombosis: Successful mechanical clot retrieval with a self‐expanding trapping device

We present the case of a 52‐year‐old male with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction due to a spontaneous large left main thrombosis, without any angiographic evidence for coronary artery disease. After multiple unsuccessful attempts of thrombaspiration the large clot was mechanically retrieved by a flow restoration device that was primarily made for intracranial interventions. Intravascular ultrasound revealed marginal lumen narrowing after the intervention, but the final coronary angiogram showed a patent left main and there was no relevant stenosis remaining. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

非糖尿病、非肥胖、非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者平均血小板体积与胰岛素抵抗的相关性分析

目的:观察无糖尿病、不肥胖的非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者,平均血小板体积(mean platelet volume,MPV)与胰岛素抵抗的相关性和临床的意义。方法:连续入选236例非糖尿病、非肥胖、非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者,测定外周血液学指标以及其他生化指标。根据稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index,HOMA-IR)分为胰岛素抵抗组90例和胰岛素敏感组146例。比较两组患者临床和血液学参数。结果:胰岛素抵抗患者男性(P=0.003)、高血压(P=0.004)、超质量(P0.001)比例高;服用β-受体阻滞剂(P=0.003)和硝酸脂类药物(P=0.001)比例高。胰岛素抵抗组患者TG、UA、高敏C-反应蛋白、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、C-肽、HOMA-IR、BMI、MPV、血小板分布宽度、大血小板比例、红细胞计数和血红蛋白含量,也较胰岛素敏感组患者明显增高(P0.05),HDL-C明显降低(P=0.03)。相关分析显示,MPV分别与HOMA-IR(r=0.35,P0.001)、空腹胰岛素(r=0.37,P0.001)、C-肽(r=0.27,P0.001)、血小板分布宽度(r=0.53,P0.001)、大血小板比例(r=0.74,P0.001)以及BMI(r=0.17,P=0.009)呈正相关,与血小板计数呈负相关(r=-0.46,P0.001)。结论:对于非糖尿病、非肥胖、非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者,MPV在胰岛素抵抗组明显增加且与HOMA-IR呈显著正相关,胰岛素抵抗的非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者血小板激活程度较高,应该采取更积极的抗血小板策略。     

Risk stratification for ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in the era of primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Acute coronary syndromes presenting with ST elevation are usually treated with emergency reperfusion/revascularisation therapy. In contrast current evidence and national guidelines recommend risk stratification for non ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI) with the decision on revascularisation dependent on perceived clinical risk. Risk stratification for STEMI has no recommendation. Statistical risk scoring techniques in NSTEMI have been demonstrated to improve outcomes however their uptake has been poor perhaps due to questions over their discrimination and concern for application to individuals who may not have been adequately represented in clinical trials. STEMI is perceived to carry sufficient risk to warrant emergency coronary intervention [by primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PPCI)] even if this results in a delay to reperfusion with immediate thrombolysis. Immediate thrombolysis may be as effective in patients presenting early, or at low risk, but physicians are poor at assessing clinical and procedural risks and currently are not required to consider this. Inadequate data on risk stratification in STEMI inhibits the option of immediate fibrinolysis, which may be cost-effective. Currently the mode of reperfusion for STEMI defaults to emergency angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention ignoring alternative strategies. This review article examines the current risk scores and evidence base for risk stratification for STEMI patients. The requirements for an ideal STEMI risk score are discussed.     

不同手术入路途径对胸中段老年食管癌患者VEGF-HIFα-PTEN表达水平及肿瘤转移的影响

分析不同手术入路途径对胸中段老年食管癌患者的综合疗效,将160例患者按照不同治疗方法分为左胸路径组70例和右胸路径组90例。左胸路径组患者行左胸两切口入路手术,右胸路径组患者行右胸三切口手术入路。结果显示:与左胸路径组相比,右胸路径组的手术时间、术中出血量及VAS评分明显升高(P<0.05),淋巴结清扫率明显升高(P<0.05),1年转移率、3年转移率明显降低而1年生存率和3年生存率明显升高(P<0.05),而术后引流时间及住院时间无明显差异性;两组患者治疗后血清中VEGF、VEGFR、HIFα水平均明显降低而PTEN水平明显升高(P<0.05),且右胸路径组患者的上述指标变化更显著(P<0.05)。因此,不同手术入路途径对胸中段老年食管癌患者的临床效果及血清中VEGF-HIFα-PTEN表达水平和肿瘤转移有不同影响,临床上应合理选择。     

TLIF术式在布氏杆菌性脊柱炎病人中的临床疗效及安全性分析

目的 对比分析单纯后路内固定+一期经腰椎间孔病椎间病灶清除(TLIF)与经典的前后联合手术在布氏杆菌性脊柱炎患者中的临床疗效及安全性。 方法 对我院2015年1月至2017年12月收治的93例布病性脊柱炎患者的临床资料进行分析。按手术方式分为观察组(45例)和对照组(48例)。对两组患者的基础数据、临床指标、术前术后各项指标水平以及术后并发症、植骨治愈情况。 结果 观察组与对照组基础数据比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者的手术时间、住院天数、术中出血量及术后下床时间均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。两组患者术后3个月的ODI、VAS、CRP、ESR及Cobb角均明显低于术前(P<0.05);术后3个月,观察组患者的ODI、VAS、CRP、ESR及Cobb角均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症发生率(4.4%)明显低于对照组(25.0%)(Χ²=7.674,P<0.01)。 结论 TLIF治疗布氏杆菌性脊柱炎患者的临床疗效突出,安全性较好,更有利于患者术后身体的恢复。     

Differential impairment patterns of the corticospinal tract segments in alcohol dependence

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding corticospinal tract (CST) changes in alcohol dependence. Here, we aimed to clarify this issue by examining the micro-structural integrity differences of distinct CST segments between alcohol-dependent patients and healthy controls.

Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging was performed in a total of 39 male individuals, including 19 alcohol-dependent patients and 20 age-matched healthy controls. CST was reconstructed using tractography and was divided into inferior and superior segments at the level of the lateral sulcus. Multiple diffusion measures of each segment were compared between two groups.

Results: For the bilateral whole CSTs, no diffusion measures showed significant between-group differences. However, compared to healthy controls, alcohol-dependent patients exhibited decreased FA and increased RD in the left-superior segment, increased FA and decreased RD/MD in the left-inferior segment, increased AD/MD in the right-superior segment, decreased RD/MD in the right-inferior segment.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that CST impairments may vary with the fibre arrangement patterns of its segments in alcohol dependence.

• Keypoints

• We reconstructed the CST using tractography based on DTI data and divided the CST into different segments in order to explore more detailed micro-structural integrity changes in alcoholisms.

• Alcohol-dependent patients showed decreased RD and MD for the bilateral inferior segments of the CSTs.

• The left-superior segment exhibited decreased FA and increased RD while the right one exhibited increased AD and MD.

• These findings suggest that CST impairments may vary with the fiber arrangement patterns of its segments in alcohol dependence.

• In future work, more elaborate segmentation schemes and lager samples should be used to test the reproducibility of our findings.

     

三段式片段弓技术打开咬合的三维非线性有限元模型的建立及生物力学分析

目的 建立三段式片段弓矫治技术的下颌牙列三维非线性有限元模型,分析计算压低辅弓的力学特性,初步探讨三段式片段弓矫治技术的生物力学特点。方法 利用薄层CT扫描技术,结合Mimics、CATIA、Anasys等专业软件建立含有三段式片段弓下颌牙列三维有限元模型。然后,在所建立的模型上通过Anasys软件中的非线性计算方法分析计算压低辅弓的力学特性及在三段式片段弓作用下下颌牙列的运动趋势和应力分布情况。结果 在5°～ 25°范围内,压低辅弓前端的力值随角度的增加而快速增大;在30°时达到最大（ 0.604 8 N）;在 30°～ 65°范围内,压低辅弓产生的力在0.59 N左右波动。三段式片段弓作用下,下颌侧切牙远中唇向倾斜并向龈方压入;第一磨牙则后倾明显并伴有牙冠的近中颊向远中舌向旋转;其余牙齿基本不发生移动。下颌牙列的应力集中区主要位于侧切牙根的唇侧颈1/3及第一磨牙根分叉处。结论 在适宜压入力的作用下,三段式片段弓技术能有效地压低前牙段,同时控制后牙段的伸长,有利于深覆,特别是高角、露龈笑或成年患者深覆的矫治。