磁源成像在母语为汉语正常人的语言功能定位中的应用

目的 采用脑磁图（magnetoencephalograph，MEG）的等价电流偶极子定位法（Equivalent current dipole，ECD）和合成孔径磁场定位法（SAMSynthetic、Aperture Magnetometry，SAM）定位母语为汉语的健康自愿者的语占中枢，探讨汉字的语言处理过程。方法 对10例母语为汉语的健康受试者给予默读真词、假词的语言任务刺激，记录刺激后产生的诱发磁场，将采集的数据与MRI叠加获得磁源性影像（MSI Magnetic source imaging）语占功能区定位川同样的方法对4例胶质瘤患者进行术前语言功能区定位，术中皮层电刺激所定位语言功能区，明确是否产生言语障碍。结果 所有受试者真词、假词均在双侧大脑半球诱发出明显的晚期磁反应波，左侧大脑半球磁反应波分化较右侧大脑半球好，Broea区俯于额下回后部，Wernicke区位于颞中同、颢上回、缘上回，Wernieke区先于Broca区出现。胶质瘤患者术巾电刺激所定位的Broca区、Wernicke区均产生言语障碍：结论母语为汉语的正常人的Broca区Wernieke区与经典的语言中枢糕本相符，MEG定位语言中枢的技术是可行的。     

高频宽增益小信号放大器的设计及在医用超声功率计中的应用

介绍供医用超声功率计用的两种高频、宽增益的小信号放大器，并比较了它们彼此的优缺点。     

In search of the central respiratory neurons: II. Electrophysiologic studies of medullary fetal cells inherently sensitive to CO2 and low pH.

Although extensively pursued, the central respiratory neurons have remained elusive. We departed from the more conventional physiologic and morphologic methods of system and tissue examination and cultured dissociated fetal rat cells (Fitzgerald et al., J Neurosci Res 33:579-589, 1992) from the area of the nucleus ambiguus and the nucleus tractus solitarius located within the 2 mm rostral to the obex. Pacemaker-like cells, with a regular single or bursting activity, studied at 3-5 weeks of age, responded to very small pulses of CO2 (50 ms) and low pH with an increase in spike frequency and a decrease in spike amplitude. Other irregularly beating or silent cells did not respond or else required very large pulses (> 200 ms) to do so. The pacemaker cells also responded to hypoxia induced by administration of sodium hydrosulfite with an increase in spike frequency and amplitude; high oxygen (> 600 torr) and adenosine produced a decrease in electrical activity. Most of these cells were multipolar after staining with antibodies to neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and Fragment C of tetanus toxin. They did not stain for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). The results suggest that these cultured cells, expressing a phenotype inherently responsive to CO2 and low pH, have the characteristics of central respiratory chemoreceptors, and may be involved in the generation of the respiratory rhythm.     

UF-100型全自动尿液沉渣检测仪测定参考范围调查

目的　确定UF - 10 0型全自动尿液沉渣检测仪检测健康人尿沉渣检测的参考值范围。方法　用UF - 10 0型全自动尿液沉渣检测仪随机检测 5 2 0例健康人不离心尿液标本 ,对尿液沉渣进行分析。结果　尿液中红细胞 (RBC)、白细胞 (WBC)、上皮细胞 (EC)、管型 (CAST)各年龄组之间检测值经 F 检验 ,差异无显著意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但男、女性别之间差异有显著意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　尿液RBC、WBC、EC的多少与年龄无关 ,但与性别有关。健康人参考值的确立 ,为尿液常规检验定量标准化和临床应用提供了依据     

在急救中心开展多发伤一体化救治分析

目的 探讨提高多发伤救治成功率的措施。方法 回顾性总结2002年6月～2003年6月间中山市急救中心开展多发伤救治的效果，分析多发伤一体化救治的模式和关键点。结果 共收治135例，抢救成功107例，成功率79．3％；死亡28例，死亡率20．7％。结论 (1)住急救中心实施多发伤一体化救治是提高其成功率的有效途径，也是多发伤救治的发展趋势，(2)在急救中心实施多发伤一体化救治的模式：急救中心设立创伤中心、建立成套的创伤急救体系，培养高素质专业人员．多发伤的诊治由急救中心医师实施或组织实施。(3)严重多发伤救治的关键点：抓好院前、院内急救——抢救生命；开展急诊手术——尽早修复损伤器官，消除致死致残因素；重视重症监护及治疗——进一步治疗原发损伤，保护各脏器功能，促进机体恢复，防止并发症。     

Interleukin 6 Influences Germinal Center Development and Antibody Production via a Contribution of C3 Complement Component

Mice rendered deficient for interleukin (IL) 6 by gene targeting were evaluated for their response to T cell–dependent antigens. Antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)M levels were unaffected whereas all IgG isotypes showed varying degrees of alteration. Germinal center reactions occurred but remained physically smaller in comparison to those in the wild-type mice. This concurred with the observations that molecules involved in initial signaling events leading to germinal center formation were not altered (e.g., B7.2, CD40 and tumor necrosis factor R1). T cell priming was not impaired nor was a gross imbalance of T helper cell (Th) 1 versus Th2 cytokines observed. However, B7.1 molecules, absent from wild-type counterparts, were detected on germinal center B cells isolated from the deficient mice suggesting a modification of costimulatory signaling. A second alteration involved impaired de novo synthesis of C3 both in serum and germinal center cells from IL-6–deficient mice. Indeed, C3 provided an essential stimulatory signal for wild-type germinal center cells as both monoclonal antibodies that interrupted C3-CD21 interactions and sheep anti–mouse C3 antibodies caused a significant decrease in antigen-specific antibody production. In addition, germinal center cells isolated from C3–deficient mice produced a similar defect in isotype production. Low density cells with dendritic morphology were the local source of IL-6 and not the germinal center lymphocytes. Adding IL-6 in vitro to IL-6–deficient germinal center cells stimulated cell cycle progression and increased levels of antibody production. These findings reveal that the germinal center produces and uses molecules of the innate immune system, evolutionarily pirating them in order to optimally generate high affinity antibody responses.     

发挥政府在社区卫生服务中心建设中的作用

社区卫生服务中心的建设是医疗改革和卫生事业可持续发展的一项重要举措。从我国目前的情况看 ,社区卫生服务中心建设存在数量不足、人才和设备缺乏、服务模式落后、服务内容单一、服务质量较低等问题。本文认为 :政府的重视和支持是加快社区卫生服务中心建设的关键 ,并应加强政府领导 ,改革医疗体制 ;合理布局网点 ,改善环境条件 ;优化人员结构 ,提高工作效率     

Distributive profiles of free and protein-incorporated tryptophan and valine in cerebral cortex slices from adult and 2-day-old rats

The distribution of the specific radioactivity and the incorporation into protein of [³H]-tryptophan and [³H]valine at varying layers from surface to centre were measured in incubated slices of cerebral cortices from infant and adult rats. Specific radioactivity in free amino acids was in both age groups highest in the intact surface layer. Incorporation of tryptophan into protein was even in slices from adult rats but much less than the average in the surface layers in slices from infant rats. Incorporation of valine exhibited similar heterogeneity in both age groups. The results suggest in brain slice preparations a zonal compartmentation of amino acid and protein metabolism which varies for different amino acids.     

Sequence Analysis of the Washington/1964 Strain of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 1 (HPIV1) and Recovery and Characterization of Wild-Type Recombinant HPIV1 Produced by Reverse Genetics

A complete consensus sequence was determined for the genomic RNA of human parainfluenza virus type 1 (HPIV1) strain Washington/20993/1964 (HPIV1 WASH/64), a clinical isolate that previously was shown to be virulent in adults. The sequence exhibited a high degree of relatedness to both Sendai virus, a PIV1 virus recovered from mice, and human PIV3 (HPIV3) with regard to cis-acting regulatory regions and protein-coding sequences. This consensus sequence was used to generate a full-length antigenomic cDNA and to recover a recombinant wild-type HPIV1 (rHPIV1). Interestingly, the rHPIV1 could be rescued from full-length antigenomic rHPIV1 cDNA using HPIV3 support plasmids, HPIV1 support plasmids, or a mixture thereof. The replication of rHPIV1 in vitro and in the respiratory tract of hamsters was similar to that of its biologically derived parent virus. The similar biological properties of rHPIV1 and HPIV1 WASH/64 in vitro and in vivo, together with the previous demonstration of the virulence of this specific isolate in humans, authenticates the rHPIV1 sequence as that of a wild-type virus. This rHPIV1 can now be used to study the biological properties of HPIV1 and as a substrate to introduce attenuating mutations for the generation of live-attenuated HPIV1 vaccine candidates.An erratum to this article can be found at