腹腔镜加强型射频消融治疗直径》5cm肝血管瘤的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜加强型射频消融术治疗直径〉5 cm肝血管瘤的疗效和技术要点.方法 22例肝血管瘤（直径〉5 cm）应用最新的加强型射频消融电极[StarBurst（R） Xli-enhanced RFA]进行腹腔镜射频治疗,采用腹腔镜超声定位穿刺血管瘤主要供血区域,逐步法张开电极,改变射频电极位置,治疗范围以覆盖整个瘤体及周边0.5～1 cm正常肝组织为标准.结果 22例均安全地完成腹腔镜射频消融术,单个病灶射频消融时间为（81.9±18.5） min,手术时间为（96.5±15.4） min,出血量为（74.7±32.8） ml.术后2例出现明显血红蛋白尿,未发生腹腔出血、胃肠道损伤、膈肌损伤及肝衰竭等并发症.术后1个月螺旋CT增强扫描证实,瘤体完全消融率达95.5%.术后无症状再发,复查B超见病灶明显缩小,血供完全消失,定期复查B超未见血管瘤复发.结论 腹腔镜加强型射频消融术治疗直径〉5 cm肝血管瘤是安全有效的治疗方法,可进一步扩大射频消融术的手术指征.     

Microwave Ablation versus Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Stage I Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

PurposeTo assess the cost effectiveness of microwave ablation (MWA) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for patients with inoperable stage I non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Materials and MethodsA literature search was performed in MEDLINE with broad search clusters. A decision-analytic model was constructed over a 5-year period. The model incorporated treatment-related complications and long-term recurrence. All clinical parameters were derived from the literature with preference to long-term prospective trials. A healthcare payers’ perspective was adopted. Outcomes were measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) extracted from prior studies and U.S. dollars from Medicare reimbursements and prior studies. Base case calculations, probabilistic sensitivity analysis with 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations, and multiple 1- and 2-way sensitivity analyses were performed.ResultsMWA yielded a health benefit of 2.31 QALYs at a cost of $195,331, whereas SBRT yielded a health benefit of 2.33 QALYs at a cost of $225,271. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was $1,480,597/QALY, indicating that MWA is the more cost-effective strategy. The conclusion remains unchanged in probabilistic sensitivity analysis with MWA being the optimal cost strategy in 99.84% simulations. One-way sensitivity analyses revealed that MWA remains cost effective when its annual recurrence risk is <18.4% averaged over 5 years, when the SBRT annual recurrence risk is >1.44% averaged over 5 years, or when MWA is at least $7,500 cheaper than SBRT.ConclusionsMWA appears to be more cost effective than SBRT for patients with inoperable stage I NSCLC.     

不完全射频消融对兔VX2肝癌MMP-9表达的影响

目的研究不完全射频消融（RFA）治疗对兔VX2肝癌模MMP-9蛋白表达的影响。 方法建立新西兰白兔的VX2肝癌模型,将30只兔VX2肝癌模型分为2组,即对照组和实验组,每组15只,对照组只做开关腹,而不进行RFA;实验组进行开腹消融,消融范围为肿瘤组织的75%;在实验组中设立RFA后快速进展亚组,定义为实验结束时肿瘤的倍增率大于对照组。对比其RFA后的VX2肝癌的体积变化、残留VX2肝癌基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）的表达情况。 结果对照组和实验组治疗后肿瘤体积分别为（7 862±1 304）mm³和（6 996±709）mm³,肿瘤的倍增率分别为（291±49）和（232±16）,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。对照组和实验组MMP-9阳性表达率为52.1%和46.3%,差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）;实验组中3只实验兔肿瘤倍增率及MMP-9表达率明显高于实验组,属于RF后快速进展亚组,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。 结论部分性消融对大多数肝细胞癌具有一定疗效,但对于少数肿瘤可能加速其生长,而MMP-9的过表达可能是促进残留癌快速进展的原因。     

Radiofrequency ablation of synchronous bilateral renal cell carcinoma

Objectives: The treatment of synchronous bilateral renal cell carcinoma is challenging. Radiofrequency ablation has been increasingly applied in the management of renal tumors. Herein, we report our experience of radiofrequency ablation on 12 patients with synchronous bilateral renal cell carcinoma. Methods: From March 2006 to September 2010, 12 patients with bilateral synchronous sporadic renal cell carcinoma (29 lesions overall) were identified from our kidney database. The mean age was 62.3 years (range 35–81). The mean tumor diameter was 4.5 cm (range 0.9–9.0). Three patients received unilateral radiofrequency ablation and contralateral radical nephrectomy, whereas nine patients received bilateral radiofrequency ablation. The oncological and functional outcomes were analyzed. Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography examinations were carried out at day 7, and at 3 and 6 months after the procedure, and every 6 months thereafter. Results: The mean follow‐up period was 33 months (range 10–64). The local tumor control rate was 93.1% (27/29). Cancer‐specific survival and the overall survival rates were 100%. No death or renal failure after the procedure was found. In patients who underwent bilateral radiofrequency ablation, the latest mean glomerular filtration rate had not significantly declined compared with preoperative levels (93.7 ± 13.0 mL/min/1.73 m²vs 96.9 ± 13.3 mL/min/1.73 m², respectively; P > 0.05). Conclusion: Radiofrequency ablation shows encouraging outcomes in the treatment of bilateral renal cell carcinoma. It can provide adequate local tumor control and cancer‐specific survival compared with nephron‐sparing surgery while not affecting the renal function.     

超声引导微波消融治疗肝脏转移性神经内分泌肿瘤

目的评估微波消融治疗肝脏转移性神经内分泌肿瘤的可行性、安全性及有效性。方法对6例（14个病灶）神经内分泌肿瘤肝脏转移患者行超声引导下微波消融治疗,观察肿瘤的大小变化、不良反应及并发症。结果技术有效率为92.86%（13/14）。术后1例患者出现发热,1例出现疼痛,1例病灶靠近膈肌者出现反应性胸腔积液,因疼痛诱发急性冠状动脉综合征。1例患者的1个病灶于治疗后3个月出现局部进展;另外13个病灶微波治疗后在增强影像中均未见强化,且随着随访时间延长而缩小。结论微波消融对肝脏神经内分泌肿瘤转移病灶是一种安全、有效的非手术治疗手段。     

鼻内窥镜下等离子低温消融治疗鼻腔深部出血的临床观察

目的探讨鼻腔深部出血的治疗方法。方法对鼻腔深部出血的126例患者在鼻内窥镜引导下行等离子低温消融治疗。结果 126例患者中一次治愈122例,随访6～12个月,无复发,总有效率96.8%。其余4例伴有鼻中隔重度偏曲,鼻内窥镜不能进入,采用其他手术方式。结论鼻内窥镜下等离子低温消融治疗鼻腔深部出血具有安全有效、痛苦小、恢复快、费用低等优点,值得临床推广使用。     

超声引导下射频消融治疗结节性甲状腺肿46例报告

目的探讨超声引导下射频消融(radiofrequency ablation,RFA)治疗结节性甲状腺肿的临床效果。方法2009年6月～2010年9月对46例甲状腺良性结节在局部麻醉下行超声引导下RFA治疗,在颈部皮肤取1 mm切口,切开皮肤及皮下组织,将射频针穿刺在结节的中心部位开启射频,应用能量为4～6 W,其中心温度可达95℃。结果均成功行RFA,术中无明显并发症发生,1例出现穿刺部位感染。RFA术后6个月47.8%(22/46)患者结节全部吸收,26.1%(12/46)结节体积较术前缩小≥50%,26.1%(12/26)结节体积较术前缩小25%～50%。结论超声引导下RFA治疗结节性甲状腺肿疗效好、微创优势明显,是一种值得推广的手术方法。     

导管溶栓联合髂静脉介入治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成

目的 总结经三种入路导管溶栓联合髂静脉介入治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成的疗效.方法 分析急性下肢深静脉血栓形成137例患者的临床资料,经小隐静脉置管溶栓107例,大隐静脉置管21例,胭静脉置管9例.对66例左髂静脉狭窄进行扩张,60例置入支架.结果 经小隐静脉置管的肢体消肿率为82.3％±7.6％,经大隐静脉置管为81.6％±6.0％,经胭静脉置管为83.9％±6.1％,3种入路间两两比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);溶栓率依次为63.5％±7.7％、66.9％±8.4％和66.1％±2.7％,3种入路间两两比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);3种入路置管平均耗时依次为(20.8±1.1) min、(7.3±0.3)min和(15.7±0.6)min,经大隐静脉置管耗时较短(P＜0.05).经小隐静脉置管有12例溶栓过程中并发切口出血,5例出现静脉炎,8例并发隐神经损伤;经胭静脉置管有2例并发术后腘窝血肿形成;经大隐静脉置管的并发症发生率较低(P＜0.05).随访112例,随访时间7～ 22个月,平均(10.1±1.5)个月.97例无患肢肿胀.经下肢深静脉造影或彩色多普勒检查,89例静脉通畅,8例血栓复发.结论 导管溶栓联合髂静脉介入是治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成的有效方法,经大隐静脉途径置管溶栓操作简单、术后并发症较少.     

经皮椎间盘切除、射频消融治疗包容性腰椎间盘突出症36例

目的探讨Disc-FX系统经皮椎间盘切除、射频消融术治疗包容性腰椎间盘突出症的并发症及处置对策。方法选择自2010年7月至2011年6月在我院应用Disc-FX系统经皮椎间盘切除、射频消融术治疗包容性腰椎间盘突出症患者36例,其中男16例,女20例;年龄18～77岁,比较术前、术后即刻、1周、3个月、6个月、1年的日本骨科协会（Japanese orthopaedic association,JOA）、视觉模拟疼痛（visual analogue scale,VAS）及Oswestry（2.0版本）评分,分析术中、术后并发症的情况。结果本组均获随访,随访时间3个月～1年,平均8个月,36例患者术后JOA评分较术前明显升高,术后VAS和Oswestry评分较术前明显降低,有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。术中并发症包括：a）导针断裂1例;b）神经根挫伤1例。术后并发症包括：a）术后水肿反应24例;b）终板炎1例;c）椎间隙感染1例;d）手术局部血肿1例。结论 Disc-FX系统经皮椎间盘切除、射频消融术是治疗包容性腰椎间盘突出症的有效方法。严格的围手术期处理和谨慎的术中操作可预防或减少并发症的发生。     

心内直视房颤射频消融术前危险因素与术后转律关系

目的 回顾性分析同期瓣膜置换术加房颤射频消融术患者术前危险因素与手术成功率之间的关系.方法 选取52例风湿性心脏病合并永久性房颤同期行瓣膜置换术加房颤射频消融术患者,术后随访半年以上,根据是否转为窦性心律分为转律组(SR)与房颤组(AF),采集并比较两组患者的围术期资料,单变量分析采取t检验或方差检验.差异有统计学意义的指标行logistic回归分析,计算优势比(OR)及95％可信区间(95％ CI).结果 最后一次随访中37例患者转为窦性心律,手术成功率约71.2％.单因素分析显示房颤病程、左心房内径、左心室舒张末期容积及主动脉阻断时间是术后房颤复发的危险因素,多因素分析显示房颤病程是术后房颤复发的独立危险因素.结论 瓣膜置换术同期行房颤射频消融术是治疗慢性房颤的有效方法.房颤病程短、左心房内径小的患者行房颤双极射频消融成功率高.