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21.
Anne-Marie Selzler Veronica Moore Razanne Habash Lauren Ellerton Erica Lenton Roger Goldstein 《COPD》2020,17(4):452-461
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the strength of the relationships between self-efficacy and (i) functional exercise capacity and (ii) physical activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and whether self-efficacy assessment type (i.e., COPD symptoms, exercise-task, exercise-barrier, general, falls) and physical activity assessment type (i.e., self-report vs. objective) are moderators. A systematic search of COPD and self-efficacy concepts was conducted using eight databases from inception to 23 January 2019. Studies were included if they provided correlation coefficients of the relationship between self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity or physical activity, were conducted in adults diagnosed with COPD, and were published in English-language journals. A total of 14 correlation coefficients were included in the self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity meta-analysis, and 16 in the self-efficacy and physical activity meta-analysis. Data were screened, reviewed, and extracted independently by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Stronger self-efficacy was associated with better functional exercise capacity (weighted r?=?0.38, 95%CI [0.25, 0.50]), and greater physical activity (weighted r?=?0.25, 95%CI [0.17, 0.34]). Exercise-task self-efficacy had the strongest relationship to functional exercise capacity (weighted r?=?0.64, 95% CI [0.51, 0.73]). For physical activity, the type of self-efficacy most strongly related was inconclusive. In COPD, self-efficacy has a relationship to functional exercise capacity and physical activity, the strength of which is influenced by the choice of self-efficacy measure. An understanding of these relationships will assist clinicians in selecting the self-efficacy measure most closely related to the outcome of interest. 相似文献
22.
Leonardo Jönck Staub Roberta Rodolfo Mazzali Biscaro Erikson Kaszubowski Rosemeri Maurici 《The Journal of emergency medicine》2019,56(1):53-69
Background
Lung ultrasound can accelerate the diagnosis of life-threatening diseases in adults with respiratory symptoms.Objective
Systematically review the accuracy of lung ultrasonography (LUS) for emergency diagnosis of pneumonia, acute heart failure, and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/asthma in adults.Methods
PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS (Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde; until 2016) were searched for prospective diagnostic accuracy studies. Rutter-Gatsonis hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic method was used to measure the overall accuracy of LUS and Reitsma bivariate model to measure the accuracy of the different sonographic signs. This review was previously registered in PROSPERO (Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK; CRD42016048085).Results
Twenty-five studies were included: 14 assessing pneumonia, 14 assessing acute heart failure, and four assessing exacerbations of COPD/asthma. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve of LUS was 0.948 for pneumonia, 0.914 for acute heart failure, and 0.906 for exacerbations of COPD/asthma. In patients suspected to have pneumonia, consolidation had sensitivity of 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74–0.88) and specificity of 0.94 (95% CI 0.85–0.98) for this disease. In acutely dyspneic patients, modified diffuse interstitial syndrome had sensitivity of 0.90 (95% CI 0.87–0.93) and specificity of 0.93 (95% CI 0.91–0.95) for acute heart failure, whereas B-profile had sensitivity of 0.93 (95% CI 0.72–0.98) and specificity of 0.92 (95% CI 0.79–0.97) for this disease in patients with respiratory failure. In patients with acute dyspnea or respiratory failure, the A-profile without PLAPS (posterior-lateral alveolar pleural syndrome) had sensitivity of 0.78 (95% CI 0.67–0.86) and specificity of 0.94 (95% CI 0.89–0.97) for exacerbations of COPD/asthma.Conclusion
Lung ultrasound is an accurate tool for the emergency diagnosis of pneumonia, acute heart failure, and exacerbations of COPD/asthma. 相似文献23.
24.
25.
1例射频消融术后并发肺栓塞的抢救配合及护理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
总结1例射频消融术后并发肺栓塞的抢救配合及护理体会,认为肺栓塞患者一旦发生晕厥,应立即行心肺复苏,以确保有效的循环和呼吸,尽早溶栓,改善临床症状。积极的抢救、熟练的配合、良好的护理是此患者康复的关键,同时术后早期生命体征的监测、并发症的预防、合理饮食、适当活动及休息对预防肺栓塞的发生也是很重要的。 相似文献
26.
Pulmonary Lophomonas blattarum infection in patients with kidney allograft transplantation 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Yong Wang Zheng Tang Shuming Ji Zhen Zhang Jinsong Chen Zhen Cheng Dongrui Cheng Zhihong Liu Leishi Li 《Transplant international》2006,19(12):1006-1013
The aim of the study was to analyse the clinical manifestation and management of pulmonary Lophomonas blattarum infection in four allograft transplantation recipients retrospectively. Four patients with pulmonary L. blattarum infection were diagnosed by using Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) examination. Their clinical manifestation and management are summarized. Four cases of pulmonary L. blattarum were found during the period from the second month to the third month after transplantation. Concurring infection by other pathogens was found in three of them. Common initial symptoms included fever (>38 degrees C) without cough and breathlessness. Lower lobe shadowing could be found on chest X-ray. Body temperature decreased to the normal range in three patients and to 37.5 degrees C in the other one, after intravenous injection of metronidazole and tapering immunosuppressant. Radiological examination confirmed improved health condition of the patients afterwards. Two patients received repeated FOB and only dead L. blattarum was found. Pulmonary L. blattarum infection in allograft transplant recipients carry relatively obscure initial symptoms. Possible L. blattarum infection needs to be screened in post-transplantation pulmonary infection patients with similar symptoms, especially in those who respond poorly to anti-infection treatment. Microscopic examination of BAL fluid can help to identify pulmonary L. blattarum infection and metronidazole is an ideal treatment choice. 相似文献
27.
三磷酸腺苷结合盒运转体A1与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的关系 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的 探讨三磷酸腺苷结合盒运转体A1(ATP binding cassette transporter A1,ABCA1)在人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块中的表达变化及作用机制.方法 收集24例人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块标本和10例肠系膜动脉标本(对照组),采用RT-PCR测定ABCA1 mRNA和视黄酸X受体α(RXRα)mRNA表达水平,并采用Western Blot检测ABCA1及RXRα的蛋白表达水平.24例人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块标本按病理分级,比较病理组织为Ⅲ级和Ⅰ级动脉粥样硬化组织间ABCA1 mRNA、RXRαmRNA表达水平及蛋白表达水平.结果 颈动脉粥样硬化斑块组的ABCA1 mRNA(0.79±0.04)和RXRα mRNA(0.73±0.04)表达与对照组相比上调,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ABCA1 mRNA与RXRα mRNA增加水平相关(P<0.05);颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的ABCA1蛋白表达(0.22±0.03)下调水平与对照组(0.53±0.03)相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ⅲ级和Ⅰ级动脉硬化斑块ABCA1mRNA、RXRα mRNA及蛋白表达水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 ABCA1及RXRα蛋白表达水平下调可能是进展性动脉粥样硬化损害的关键因素. 相似文献
28.
Yasuyuki Suzuki Kazuyuki Daitoku Masahito Minakawa Kozo Fukui Ikuo Fukuda 《The Japanese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2006,54(1):44-46
We report the case of a 4-year-old girl who had quadricuspid aortic valve regurgitation with tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary
atresia. This combination is very uncommon. Aortic valve replacement was performed successfully due to aortic regurgitation
which had progressed one year after the total repair. The dilated aortic annulus plus quadricuspid aortic valve may result
in progressive aortic regurgitation for a short period. 相似文献
29.
目的:研究异丙酚和异氟醚对非体外循环搭桥术患者围术期炎性与抗炎性细胞因子平衡的影响。方法:择期非体外循环搭桥患者50例,随机分为2组。异丙酚组微量泵输入剂量为4~6mg·kg-·1h-1,异氟醚组吸入浓度为1%~1.5%。检测诱导前、打开心包、旁路血管开放30min,术后2h、24h血清白细胞介素6(IL-6)、白细胞介素10(IL-10)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的浓度。结果:2组患者旁路血管开放后IL-6浓度较术前升高(P<0.01),术后2h达高峰;术后2h异氟醚组高于异丙酚组(P<0.05)。IL-10浓度变化趋势与IL-6相似,旁路血管开放后、术后2h和24h异丙酚组高于异氟醚组(P<0.05)。2组患者TNF-α水平均无显著变化。结论:异丙酚麻醉促进IL-10的产生,抑制IL-6的产生,控制术中应激反应异丙酚优于异氟醚。 相似文献
30.