皮肤软组织扩张器联合硅凝胶瘢痕贴片在烧伤瘢痕整形修复中的应用与研究

分析整形修复烧伤瘢痕中运用皮肤软组织扩张器与硅凝胶瘢痕贴片联合治疗的效果。方法 选择2021年6月-2022年6月广州市花都区人民医院收治的60例烧伤瘢痕患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法划分为对照组、试验组,每组30例。对照组予以皮肤软组织扩张器治疗,试验组予以皮肤软组织扩张器联合硅凝胶瘢痕贴片治疗,比较两组创面愈合情况、修复效果。结果 试验组创面皮肤恢复血运时间及愈合时间短于对照组,皮肤扩张率高于对照组,术后皮肤面积及Ⅰ型/Ⅲ型胶原比例优于对照组,感染率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）;两组治疗后弹性、质地、外观评分均高于治疗前,且试验组弹性、质地、外观评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。结论 整形修复烧伤瘢痕中采取皮肤软组织扩张器与硅凝胶瘢痕贴片联合治疗可加快瘢痕的恢复速度,保护患者肌肤的美观性,促进患者的身心健康,临床疗效良好。     

New hammock hypothesis-based method for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence: the first 29 urethral supports with a small fascial patch

AIM: We have developed a new method requiring no manipulations of the retropubic passages, and carried out a retrospective study to assess the effectiveness, safety and early results of this new procedure in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. METHODS: From January 2001 to September 2003, 29 patients underwent our new surgery for the treatment of SUI. A 3 x 2 cm vertical rectangle was harvested from the rectus fascia. A convex horizontal incision was made over the mid urethra and bladder neck. The retropubic space was entered to the urethropelvic ligament spreading toward the junctions between urethropelvic ligament and tendinous arc. One suture was made at the point lateral to the bladder neck. Another suture was made behind the pubic bone. These two sutures were sutured again and tied with the short side end of the harvested fascia. The same procedure was performed on the other side. RESULTS: Of 29 patients, 26 (89.7%) were cured of stress urinary incontinence and 3 were improved. None of the patients had difficulty in voiding after the operation. Maximum flow rates were almost the same before and after surgery. None of the patients had any adverse events. CONCLUSION: This procedure, which requires no manipulations of the retropubic passages, is safe and effective for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence.     

腹腔镜腹腔内补片置入术在腹壁切口疝修补中的应用

目的探讨腹腔镜腹腔内补片置入术在腹壁切口疝修补中临床应用价值。方法腹腔镜经腹腔内使用膨化聚四氟乙烯双层补片治疗13例腹壁切口疝。结果13例手术均获成功,手术时间45—120min,平均73min,无手术死亡病例及并发症发生,患者术后8～24h后下床活动,1～2d排气,术后疼痛轻,2～3d后完全缓解,3～7d（平均4d）患者顺利康复出院。随访12～24个月无复发。结论腹腔镜腹壁切口疝修补术安全可靠,具有创伤小、术后康复快、并发症少、不增加手术穿刺孔、可完成联合手术等优点,临床应用前景广阔。     

Experimental and Clinical Studies Investigating the Efficacy of Distal Anastomosis with Patch Plasty in Bypass Operations with Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Grafts

Purpose: We investigated the efficiency of distal anastomosis with patch plasty (DAPP), both experimentally and clinically. Methods: In our experimental study, dogs were divided into two groups: a control group in which anastomosis was performed without DAPP (n = 7), and a DAPP group in which DAPP was performed at the distal anastomosis (n = 7). In our clinical study, 169 femoropopliteal bypasses were divided into three groups and analyzed. In one group, the saphenous vein was used (SVG group, n = 65); in one group, an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) graft was used without DAPP (ePTFE group, n = 64); and in one group, an ePTFE graft was used with DAPP (DAPP group, n = 40). Results: In the experimental study, the ratio between the area of thrombus adherence and the entire area of the intraluminal surface of the graft, defined as the thrombus covering ratio, was 48.9% in the control group and 30.2% in the DAPP group. The ratio in the DAPP group was significantly lower than that in the control group. In the clinical study, although there were no significant differences among the three groups in cumulative patency rates of the femoral above-knee popliteal arterial bypasses, the patency in the DAPP group was excellent. The cumulative patency rates of the femoral below-knee popliteal arterial bypasses in the ePTFE group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups. Conclusion: There results suggest that the addition of DAPP may achieve excellent graft patency. Received: February 14, 2002 /Accepted: November 19, 2002 Reprint requests to: K. Dairaku     

蛋白激酶A对大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞钙通道电流的作用

目的研究蛋白激酶A(PKA)在大鼠肾上腺髓质嗜铬细胞分泌儿茶酚胺(CA)中的作用机制。方法利用全细胞膜片钳技术,在维持电压-70 mV的条件下,给予细胞40 ms,从-60mV到+60 mV的序列除极方波,阶跃10 mv,引导出钙通道电流(ICa),观察各种不同浓度PKA激动剂对大鼠嗜铬细胞ICa的影响。结果100μmol/L dcAMP对大鼠嗜铬细胞内ICa作用不明显;1和10 μmol/L Forskolin对ICa有明显抑制作用,灌洗细胞10 min对ICa峰值抑制率分别为(15.8±2.0)％和(29.7±2.0)％。结论PKA在大鼠肾上腺髓质嗜铬细胞CA分泌过程中的作用不明显。Forskolin能够明显抑制大鼠嗜铬细胞ICa,从而抑制CA的分泌,其机制可能是对钙通道的直接作用。     

冷冻保存人脐带血管细胞培育组织工程心血管补片

目的 探讨应用液氮冷冻保存的人脐带动脉壁肌成纤维细胞(HUAMs)制备组织工程心血管补片的可行性.方法 将液氮冷冻保存的人脐带动脉壁肌成纤维细胞种植在聚-4-羟基丁酸酯(P4HB)聚合材料构建的补片支架材料上,制备组织工程心血管补片.体外静态培育21 d,对补片组织进行组织学、扫描电镜检查.免疫组织化学分析组织样本中细胞外基质(胶原蛋白)的合成.结果 苏木素-伊红(HE)染色显示,肌成纤维细胞较好地黏附于聚合材料上,大部分细胞保持生长活力,并浸润生长入支架材料内部,形成组织.免疫组织化学显示补片材料中有胶原蛋白合成.结论 液氮冷冻保存的人类脐带肌成纤维细胞可作为种子细胞,用于制备人组织工程心血管补片.     

膨化聚四氟乙烯平片在无张力腹股沟疝修补术的临床应用

目的 探讨平片在腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术中的应用。方法 对我科2003年10-2006年10月收冶的125例腹股沟疝患者采用平片无张力腹股沟疝修补术的疗效进行回顾性分析。结果 所有患者均治愈出院，术后无切口感染，除2例残留疝囊处血肿外无其他不良并发症，随访2个月～36月无复发。结论 平片应用于腹股沟疝的修补，具有易掌握，疗效好，费用低，值得广泛开展应用。     

Management of persistent post-dural puncture headache after repeated epidural blood patch

We report a case of persistent post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) in a patient despite two epidural blood patches (EBPs). Successful resolution of headache was achieved with a third EBP performed under computed tomography (CT) guidance. A 38-year-old female had a total abdominal hysterectomy under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with no complications. After surgery, she developed a postural headache consistent with PDPH. The first EBP was performed by injecting autologous blood through the epidural catheter that was in situ. The second EBP was performed under fluoroscopy. The patient continued to have a persistent headache. A computed tomography (CT) myelogram demonstrated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak at L3-4 level. A "directed" CT-guided blood patch was then performed successfully with resolution of the headache.     

生长因子覆膜纳米纤维疝补片的制备及修补大鼠腹壁缺损的实验研究

目的探究生长因子覆膜纳米纤维疝补片对大鼠腹壁缺损修复的作用。 方法利用静电纺丝技术制备生长因子VEGF165及FGF-21覆膜纳米纤维疝补片。选取30只SD大鼠,体质量100～120 g,手术造成1 cm×1 cm的全层腹壁缺损,随机分成2组,每组15只,分别采用生长因子覆膜纳米纤维疝补片（实验组）和聚丙烯疝补片（对照组）修补。术后1、2、4周分批取材（每时间点5只）对动物一般情况观察、手术部位血清肿形成情况检测、组织学观察及炎性因子表达情况比较。 结果成功制备生长因子VEGF165及FGF-21覆膜纳米纤维疝补片;术后2组大鼠均健康成活,未发生疝瘘等不良反应,缺损得到完整修复。2组大鼠在手术部位血清肿形成方面差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。实验组巨噬细胞及异物巨细胞计数在术后1、2周低于对照组（56.3±7.3 vs 75.2±9.6,P<0.01;37.1±6.9 vs 53.7±8.1,P<0.05）,在术后4周,2组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。HE染色观察表明实验组手术部位的腹壁组织的炎症反应低于对照组。实验组手术部位腹壁组织TNF-α及IL-6 mRNA表达均明显低于对照组,差异均无统计学意义（63.67±5.10 vs 194.43± 25.39,P<0.01;84.24±8.22 vs 171.41±15.86,P<0.01）。 结论生长因子覆膜纳米纤维疝补片具有良好的生物相容性,且能降低手术部位的炎症反应,值得进一步研究。     

Rapid,high‐fluence multi‐pass q‐switched laser treatment of tattoos with a transparent perfluorodecalin‐infused patch: A pilot study

Background and Objectives

Perfluorodecalin (PFD) has previously been shown to rapidly dissipate the opaque, white micro‐bubble layer formed after exposure of tattoos to Q‐switched lasers [1]. The current pilot study was conducted to qualitatively determine if the use of a transparent PFD‐infused silicone patch would result in more rapid clearance of tattoos than conventional through‐air techniques.

Materials and Methods

Black or dark blue tattoos were divided into two halves in a single‐site IRB‐approved study with 17 subjects with Fitzpatrick skin types I–III. One half of each tattoo served as its own control and was treated with one pass of a standard Q‐switched Alexandrite laser (755 nm). The other half of the tattoo was treated directly through a transparent perfluorodecalin (PFD) infused patch (ON Light Sciences, Dublin, CA). The rapid whitening reduction effect of the Patch routinely allowed three to four laser passes in a total of approximately 5 minutes. Both sides were treated at highest tolerated fluence, but the optical clearing, index‐matching, and epidermal protection properties of the PFD Patch allowed significantly higher fluence compared to the control side. Standard photographs were taken at baseline, immediately prior to treatment with the PFD Patch in place, and finally before and after each treatment session. Treatments were administered at 4‐ to 6‐week intervals.

Results

In a majority of subjects (11 of 17), tattoos treated through a transparent PFD‐infused patch showed more rapid tattoo clearance with higher patient and clinician satisfaction than conventional treatment. In no case did the control side fade faster than the PFD Patch side. No unanticipated adverse events were observed.

Conclusions

Rapid multi‐pass treatment of tattoos with highest tolerated fluence facilitated by a transparent PFD‐infused patch clears tattoos more rapidly than conventional methods. Lasers Surg. Med. 47:613–618, 2015. © 2015 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.