高选择迷走神经钳夹术在保留幽门胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

目的探讨高选择迷走神经钳夹术在保留幽门胰十二指肠切除术(PPPD)中的应用及临床可行性。方法将43例行PPPD患者随机分为钳夹组(21例)和对照组(22例)。对照组行常规PPPD;钳夹组在常规PPPD基础上加用高选择迷走神经钳夹术,动态观察2组术后第2、4、6个月上腹不适和体质量增加情况。结果钳夹组术后2、4、6个月出现上腹不适的例数略少于对照组,且术后2个月体质量增加量显著高于对照组。结论高选择迷走神经钳夹术可有效防止PPPD患者出现上腹灼痛、食欲缺乏等不良反应,有利于术后恢复,增加体质量,改善预后,具有临床可行性。     

急诊介入栓塞治疗胰十二指肠术后出血的护理

胰十二指肠切除术（PancreatoduodenectomyPD）是治疗胰头、十二指肠壶腹部肿瘤及胆管下段占位的经典术式,而该术式涉及的脏器多、手术难度高、时间长、创伤大,术后并发症常见。出血是胰十二指肠术的严重并发症,如不能及时、恰当的处理,     

Exocrine pancreatic function in the early period after pancreatoduodenectomy and effects of preoperative pancreatic duct obstruction

Exocrine pancreatic function in the early period after pancreatoduodenectomy was investigated. The effects of preoperative pancreatic duct obstruction on exocrine pancreatic function were also investigated. The volume of pancreatic juice and its amylase activity were investigated in 39 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (including pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy). TheN-benzoyl-l-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (BT-PABA) test was performed on 23 of 39 patients about 40 days after pancreatoduodenectomy. The exocrine pancreatic function was inhibited three to eight days after pancreatoduodenectomy (amylase activity: 23,700±4300 IU/day), and recovered on days 9–15 (48,000±8400 IU/day) in patients with a normal main pancreatic duct. In patients with pancreatic duct obstruction, the exocrine pancreatic function was almost eliminated (amylase activity: 440±260 IU/day) and BT-PABA test results were low (45±17%). In patients with narrowed pancreatic duct, amylase secretion was significantly inhibited even in patients with a normal number of acinar cells. There was a good positive correlation (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient,rs=0.715,P<0.01) between amylase secretion and BT-PABA test. Amylase secretion more than 10,000 IU/day is essential for a normal BT-PABA test and normal digestive function. The inhibited digestive function in patients with pancreatic duct obstruction may be due to the decreased number of acinar cells and the inhibition of exocrine pancreatic function.     

350例胰十二指肠切除术后并发症的相关危险因素分析

目的分析胰十二指肠切除术（PD）后并发症的相关危险因素。方法回顾性分析2010 年1 月-2013 年12 月在河北医科大学第四医院接受PD的350 例患者临床资料,选取13 个临床因素（年龄、性别、重要器官系统合并症、既往腹部手术史、血清白蛋白、血清总胆素、血清谷丙转氨酶、糖类抗原199、手术时间、术中输血量、病灶部位、病灶直径、主胰管直径）,分析其与术后并发症的相关性。采用Logistic回归分析筛选出与术后并发症相关的危险因素。结果单因素分析结果表明,年龄、重要器官系统合并症、术中输血量、病灶部位 及主胰管直径是影响PD 后并发症发生的危险因素（P <0.05）;多因素分析结果表明,术后并发症独立危险因素为术中输血量、病灶部位及主胰管直径;术后胰瘘的独立危险因素为：主胰管直径;出血的独立危险因素为：血清总胆红素水平;术后感染的独立危险因素为：年龄、输血量、主胰管直径（P <0.05）。结论输血量、病灶部位及主胰管直径是影响PD 后并发症的相关危险因素。     

The impact of venous resection in pancreatoduodectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Vein resection pancreatoduodenectomy (VRPD) may be performed in selected pancreatic cancer patients. However, the main risks and benefits related to VRPD remain controversial.Objective:This review aimed to evaluate the risks and survival benefits that the VRPD may add when compared with standard pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).Methods:A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing VRPD and PD were performed.Results:VRPD was associated with a higher risk for postoperative mortality (risk difference: −0.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.02 to −0.00) and complications (risk difference: −0.05; 95% CI −0.09 to −0.01) than PD. The length of hospital stay was not different between the groups (mean difference [MD]: −0.65; 95% CI −2.11 to 0.81). In the VRPD, the operating time was 69 minutes higher on average (MD: −69.09; 95% CI −88.4 to −49.78), with a higher blood loss rate (MD: −314.04; 95% CI −423.86 to −195.22). In the overall survival evaluation, the hazard ratio for mortality during follow-up on the group of VRPD was higher compared to the PD group (hazard ratio: 1.13; 95% CI 1.03–1.23).Conclusion:VRPD is associated with a higher risk of short-term complications and mortality and a lower probability of survival than PD. Knowing the risks and potential benefits of surgery can help clinicians to properly manage pancreatic cancer patients with venous invasion. The decision for surgery with major venous resection should be shared with the patients after they are informed of the risks and prognosis.     

Kocher切口尾侧入路在腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术中的应用价值

目的 探讨Kocher切口尾侧入路在腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术(LPD)中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析2017年10月至2020年6月在我院行Kocher切口尾侧入路LPD的20例患者的临床资料.结果 20例患者中,平均手术时间(5.2±1.5)h,平均术中出血量(350.0±45.0)mL,平均术后住院时间(18.2±9...     

胰腺头部实性假乳头状瘤的手术治疗

目的:观察手术切除术治疗胰腺头部实性假乳头状瘤的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2008年11月至2014年7月间,盛京医院普通外科14例因患胰腺头部实性假乳头状瘤而行手术治疗的患者临床资料,女性12例,男性2例,平均年龄36.2岁。8例行胰十二指肠切除术,2例行保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术,2例行胰腺部分切除术,1例行胰十二指肠切除术联合门静脉切除术,1例行胰腺部分切除术联合胰体尾空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术。评价手术效果,分析影像特点,并随访远期效果。结果:肿瘤平均7.1cm×6.1cm,所有患者术后病理及免疫组化证实胰腺实性假乳头状瘤,平均住院时间26天,有5例发生术后胰瘘,发病率35.7%,无死亡病例。术后随访8~82个月,中位随访时间27.5个月,有 1例于术后66个月复发,其余13例均无复发。结论:手术治疗胰腺头部实性假乳头状瘤是安全的,完整切除肿物远期疗效确切。