黄连素抑制慢性心衰大鼠心肌炎性反应

 目的 在慢性心衰(CHF)大鼠模型检测Toll样受体4(TLR4)的表达,探讨黄连素在慢性心衰炎性反应干预中可能的作用机制。方法 大鼠每周腹腔注射阿霉素2.8mg/kg共10周建立慢性心衰模型,将其随机分为黄连素组、安慰剂组及对照组,每组10只。黄连素组给予黄连素每天21mg/kg灌胃4周,另两组给予等量生理盐水。用酶联吸附免疫反应法(ELISA)检测大鼠血清中BNP、TNFα、IL-1及IL-6的含量;qRT-PCR法检测大鼠血清诱生型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)表达;HE染色观察大鼠心肌细胞形态学改变;免疫组织化学观察大鼠心肌TLR4蛋白表达和分布。结果 黄连素组大鼠血清TNFα、IL-1、IL-6及iNOS mRNA水平显著低于安慰剂组(P<0.05);黄连素组及安慰剂组TLR4吸光度值均高于对照组,而黄连素组显著低于安慰剂组(P<0.05)。结论 黄连素可能通过抑制TLR4 信号传导抑制慢性心衰炎性反应。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单个核细胞Toll样受体3的表达降低

目的 探讨慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单个核细胞Toll样受体3(TLR3)的表达及其临床意义.方法 分别采集慢性乙型肝炎患者和健康志愿者外周血,荧光定量PCR法检测血清HBV DNA复制水平;使用RT-PCR、流式细胞术以及免疫印迹技术分别检测外周血单个核细胞TLR3的mRNA、蛋白的表达;使用ELISA法检测血清中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和干扰素β(IFN-p)水平.结果 慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单个核细胞中的TLR3表达显著低于健康志愿者,且降低水平与血清HBV DNA复制水平相关;慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血TNF-α、IFN-β浓度显著低于健康志愿者,且降低的水平与血清HBV DNA复制水平相关.结论 慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单个核细胞TLR3的表达与乙肝病毒的复制水平相关.     

Functional Characterization of Novel Mutations Affecting Survivin (BIRC5)‐Mediated Therapy Resistance in Head and Neck Cancer Patients

Survivin (BIRC5) is an acknowledged cancer therapy‐resistance factor and overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Driven by its nuclear export signal (NES), Survivin shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and is detectable in both cellular compartments in tumor biopsies. Although predominantly nuclear Survivin is considered a favorable prognostic disease marker for HNSCC patients, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not resolved. Hence, we performed immunohistochemical and mutational analyses using laser capture microdissection on HNSCC biopsies from patients displaying high levels of nuclear Survivin. We found somatic BIRC5 mutations, c.278T>C (p.Phe93Ser), c.292C>T (p.Leu98Phe), and c.288A>G (silent), in tumor cells, but not in corresponding normal tissues. Comprehensive functional characterization of the Survivin mutants by ectopic expression and microinjection experiments revealed that p.Phe93Ser, but not p.Leu98Phe inactivated Survivin's NES, resulted in a predominantly nuclear protein, and attenuated Survivin's dual cytoprotective activity against chemoradiation‐induced apoptosis. Notably, in xenotransplantation studies, HNSCC cells containing the p.Phe93Ser mutation responded significantly better to cisplatin‐based chemotherapy. Collectively, our results underline the disease relevance of Survivin's nucleocytoplasmic transport, and provide first evidence that genetic inactivation of Survivin's NES may account for predominantly nuclear Survivin and increased therapy response in cancer patients.     

Whole Exome Sequencing Reveals Uncommon Mutations in the Recently Identified Fanconi Anemia Gene SLX4/FANCP

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by congenital malformations, progressive bone marrow failure (BMF), and susceptibility to malignancies. FA is caused by biallelic or hemizygous mutations in one of 15 known FA genes, whose products are involved in the FA/BRCA DNA damage response pathway. Here, we report on a patient with previously unknown mutations of the most recently identified FA gene, SLX4/FANCP. Whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed a nonsense mutation and an unusual splice site mutation resulting in the partial replacement of exonic with intronic bases, thereby removing a nuclear localization signal. Immunoblotting detected no residual SLX4 protein, which was consistent with abrogated interactions with XPF/ERCC1 and MUS81/EME1. This cellular finding did not result in a more severe clinical phenotype than that of previously reported FA‐P patients. Our study additionally exemplifies the versatility of WES for the detection of mutations in heterogenic disorders such as FA.     

1H和19F核磁共振定量法测定塞来昔布含量

目的 分别采用_¹H核磁共振定量法和_¹⁹F核磁共振定量法测定塞来昔布绝对含量,并将两种方法测定结果与质量平衡法测定结果进行比较。方法 氢核磁共振定量法以塞来昔布δ 6.92处质子峰作为定量峰,马来酸δ 6.33处为内标峰。在弛豫延迟时间10 s,采样时间4.01 s,扫描次数为32条件下采集混合物的氢谱。氟核磁共振定量法以4-溴-2-氟-乙酰苯胺为内标,在谱宽240 ppm,中心频率-94.26 ppm,样品扫描次数为16次条件下采集氟谱,计算两种核磁共振定量法的测试结果。结果 氢核磁共振定量法和氟核磁共振定量法测定结果相近,且与质量平衡法测定结果基本一致。结论 核磁共振定量法可以用来测定塞来昔布含量,具有准确、高效优势。