SURGICAL TREATMENT OF TETRALOGY OF FALLOT IN CHILDREN: A REPORT OF NO SURGICAL DEATH IN 115 CONSECUTIVE CASES

ffeSUIn Objeetif Un groupe de chrurghns a fait la correction totale pour la tdtratogh de Fallot sur115 meW cootutimnt sens un cos de mot ortratOire. As then t article est une invotoption sur les fac-teurs d' andlioration du theltat Oviratoire. -- Parmi 115 enfants dont I' dge etait de 9 mOs d 13ans(4, 6 f 2, 7 ans), 47, 8% des enfantS etalent mOns de 3 ans. Les nzaffrvtions orha mpient I'atrdrie du tronc et de la branChe uniIathele de l' art8re PUhaonaire chez 4 mahaes; les mmunicotions…     

切开复位跟骨钛板内固定治疗跟骨骨折疗效观察

目的研究和评估切开复位治疗跟骨骨折及跟骨钛板在跟骨骨折治疗中的作用。方法对24例跟骨骨折患者行切开复位跟骨钛板内固定。结果24例中22例获随访8个月。所有病例均完全愈合,无1例发生钛板螺钉松动、断裂等并发症。结论新型钛板能提供有效的固定节段稳定性,是治疗跟骨骨折较好的内植物,是临床治疗跟骨骨折的好方法。     

低频电磁场对兔动脉平滑肌细胞增殖的抑制作用研究

目的 :探讨不同场强、不同作用时间的低频电磁场对兔主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖的调控作用 ,以观察磁场是否能用于PTCA支架后冠脉再狭窄的防治。方法 :用含 10 %小牛血清的 RPMI- 16 40培养液体外培养新西兰白兔的主动脉平滑肌细胞至 3～ 7代 ,将含 5 %小牛血清的RPMI- 16 40培养液与动脉平滑肌细胞的混悬液 10 0μl加入96孔培养板中培养。按照实验分组 ,每日磁场作用一次 ,共二日。用 MTT法检测动脉平滑肌细胞的增殖数量。结果 :磁场作用时间大于 10分钟时 ,2 0 m T、40 m T和 6 0 m T磁场对动脉平滑肌细胞的增殖均有显著的抑制作用 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,其中作用时间为 30分钟的 40 m T磁场对动脉平滑肌细胞增殖的抑制作用最显著 (P<0 .0 0 1)。结论 :磁场对动脉平滑肌细胞增殖有显著的抑制作用 ,磁场的这种抑制作用具有强度敏感性、时间依赖性和空间距离性 ;磁场对 PTCA支架后的冠脉再狭窄可能具有防治作用     

开放性骨折早期外周血T细胞亚群,IL—2活性及Tac抗原表达的变化

目的：研究不同程度开放性骨折早期机体免疫功能变化．方法：按照朱通伯的开放性骨折分类标准，将２１例患者分为两组：轻伤组，为Ⅰ，Ⅱ度开放性骨折（共１０例）；重伤组，为Ⅲ度开放性骨折（共１１例）．用ＡＰＡＡＰ法和生物学测定法分别检测在伤后当日，５ｄ，１０ｄ，１５ｄ患者外周血单个核细胞的Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群变化和经植物血凝素（ＰＨＡ，１０ｍｇ／Ｌ）刺激后ＩＬ－２活性及ＩＬ－２Ｒ（Ｔａｃ抗原）表达变化．结果：伤后当日，５ｄ两组Ｌｅｕ４（总Ｔ细胞）、Ｌｅｕ３ａ（辅助性Ｔ细胞）及Ｔａｃ阳性细胞百分比明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１），Ｌｅｕ２ａ（抑制性Ｔ细胞／杀伤性Ｔ细胞）细胞百分比无显著变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）；ＩＬ－２产生明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０１）．轻伤组下降各值在伤后５ｄ开始回升，伤后１０ｄ，１５ｄ接近正常；重伤组各值下降比轻伤组更为明显，而且回升缓慢．结论：开放性骨折早期Ｔｈ淋巴细胞功能受损，ＩＬ－２活性和ＩＬ－２Ｒ表达受抑，免疫功能下降程度与创伤严重程度相关．     

野战条件下液位控制系统的设计与制作

目的：设计及制作一套野战条件下使用的液位控制系统。方法：采用JYB-714液位继电器作为控制单元，传感器采取特殊的设计及安装方式，辅助以加压水泵、电磁阀等输出驱动元件实现功能。结果：在野战条件下顺利实现自动控制水位功能，因地制宜，无需人员值守。结论：该系统工作稳定，制作费用低廉，易于集成和携带，具有推广价值，可作为野战医院的辅助配套设备。     

Thalamic connectivity of the second somatosensory area and neighboring somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of the macaque

The thalamocortical relations of the somatic fields in and around the lateral sulcus of the macaque were studied following cortical injections of tritated amino acids and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Special attention was paid to the second somatosensory area (S2), the connections of which were also studied by means of thalamic isotope injections and retrograde degeneration. S2 was shown to receive its major thalamic input from the ventroposterior inferior thalamic nucleus (VPI) and not, as previously reported, from the caudal division of the ventroposterior lateral nucleus (VPLc). Following small injections of isotope or HRP into the hand representation of S2, only VPI was labeled. Larger injections, which included the representations of more body parts, led to heavy label in VPI, with scattered label in VPLc, the central lateral nucleus (CL), and the posterior nucleus (Po). In addition, small isotope injections into VPLc did not result in label in S2 unless VPI was also involved in the injection site, and ablations of S2 led to cell loss in VPI. Comparison of injections involving different body parts in S2 suggested a somatotopic arrangement within VPI such that the trunk and lower limb representations are located posterolaterally and the hand and arm representations anteromedially. The location of the thalamic representations of the head, face, and intraoral structures that project to S2 may be in the ventroposterior medial nucleus (VPM). The granular (Ig) and dysgranular (Id) fields of the insula and the retroinsular field (Ri) each receive inputs from a variety of nuclei located at the posteroventral border of the thalamus. Ig receives its heaviest input from the suprageniculate-limitans complex (SG-Li), with additional inputs from Po, the magnocellular division of the medial geniculate n. (MGmc), VPI, and the medial pulvinar (Pulm). Id receives its heaviest input from the basal ventromedial n. (VMb), with additional inputs from VPI, Po, SG-Li, MGmc, and Pulm. Ri receives its heaviest input from Po, with additional input from SG-Li, MGmc, Pulm, and perhaps VPI. Area 7b receives its input from Pulm, the oral division of the pulvinar, the lateral posterior n., the medial dorsal n., and the caudal division of the ventrolateral n. These results indicate that the somatic cortical fields, except for those comprising the first somatosensory area, each receive inputs from an array of thalamic nuclei, rather than just one, and that individual thalamic somatosensory relay nuclei each project to more than one cortical field.     

Antagonism of the stimulant and depressant effects of ethanol in rats by naloxone

The action of naloxone (0.5 and 2 mg/kg IP) on the behavioural effects of a low (2 g/kg PO) and a high dose (4 g/kg PO) of ethanol was studied in rats. Ethanol at the low dose increased spontaneous motility, enhancing open-field external ambulations and reducing shuttle-box latency. All these effects were antagonized by naloxone. Ethanol at the high dose produced hypomotility, decreasing open-field external ambulations and impairing shuttle-box performance. In this case, naloxone also reduced the ethanol effect, but its action was less consistent. Therefore, although mechanisms other than a specific opioid receptor blockade by naloxone must be considered, an involvement of opioid peptides in the effects of ethanol cannot be discounted.     

Prophylactic Antibiotic Usage in Children

As a result of recent striking progress in the development of antibiotics, some infectious diseases which had been considered to be intractable have come to be curable. However, there are still quite a few infectious diseases which occur comparatively rarely, but once they attack humans the condition becomes severe and treatment is very difficult. When it is possible to prevent these infections by prophylactic administration of antibiotics, such administration should be performed. The antibiotic employed for this purpose should have the strongest available antibacterial activity against the target bacteria and a clear prophylactic effect which has already been proven. In addition, it is also necessary that the antibiotic does not change the normal bacterial flora, which plays an important role in body defense mechanisms against infections. The drug also must not cause any serious side effects. We discuss the prophylactic administration methods which are actually being practiced in pediatrics. That is, the actual state of the latest methods of prophylactic antibiotic administration is described together with new findings regarding infections by group A hemolytic streptococci, meningitis (Neisseria meningitidis and H. influenzae), tuberculosis, endocarditis, infections in newborns (gonorrheal ophthalmia and infections by group B hemolytic streptococci), recurrent infections (otitis media and urinary tract infections) and infections in compromised hosts (especially infections by Pneumocystis carinii).     

Genetic differences in a tail suspension test for evaluating antidepressant activity

Tail suspension-induced immobility in rodents is specifically antagonized by antidepressants, and has been proposed as an animal model of depression. Marked differences in tail suspension-induced immobility were observed among nine inbred mouse strains, ranging from 1±0.3 to 96±8-s in a 300-s test period. Moreover, these nine strains could be ranked in four distinct groups based on their immobilities, in which Balb/cJ and DBA/2J mice displayed the highest and the lowest immobility times, respectively. While significant differences in open field activity were also observed among strains, these differences were unrelated to their immobility times in the tail suspension test. These findings strongly suggest that performance in this proposed animal model of depression is under specific genetic control, and may provide a useful tool to study neurochemical and neuroendocrine correlates of depression and antidepressant action.     

Optic neuropathy from thiamine deficiency in a patient with ulcerative colitis

A 35-year-old man with ulcerative colitis who was receiving parenteral feeding with large amounts of glucose, suddenly developed severe optic neuropathy and oculomotor palsy. The visual acuity fell bilaterally to 0. Although it was stated that thiamine has been regularly suppleted in the preceding period, high doses of vitamin B1 were given. Visual acuity promptly returned to 1.0 but large visual field defects persisted. Later on it appeared that erroneously no vitamin B1 has been given before.