溴化异丙托品对稳定期COPD患者肺功能及运动耐受性的影响

目的 观察不同剂量的溴化异丙托品（ＩＰＢ）短时及长期应用,对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）患者的肺功能及运动耐受性的影响。方法 ３７例稳定期ＣＯＰＤ患者,随机分３组,分别吸人ＩＰＢ１６０μｇ／次、８０μｇ／次、４０μｇ／次。用药前后行肺功能及自行车功量仪极量运动负荷法运动试验测验。结果 吸入ＩＰＢ１６０μｇ／次、８０μｇ／次组与安慰剂对照组相比,通气及运动指标均明显改善（Ｐ〈０．０１、Ｐ〈０．     

不同来源精子单精子卵胞浆内注射治疗不育症

目的：采用不同来源精子行单精子卵胞浆内注射术（ＩＣＳＩ）治疗不育症并进行疗效对比观察,方法：女性行常规超促排卵和经阴道超声引导下取卵。比较采用精液、附睾和睾丸精子行ＩＣＳＩ后的卵子损伤率、受精率、卵裂率、胚胎质量和临床妊娠率。结果：５３对不育夫妇共行６２仆ＩＣＳＩ周期。２７例临床妊娠,周期临床妊娠率为４３．５％,分别有３６、１２和１４个周期采用精液、附睾和睾丸精子,三组的卵子损伤率、受精率、卵裂率     

慢性阻塞性肺病胸腔镜肺减容手术的治疗观察

目的 评价胸腔镜肺减容手术对重度慢性肺病的治疗疗效和病情改善情况。方法 对我院１０例重度慢性阻塞性肺病患者行肺减容手术后随访１年半观察,同时与１０例未做手术的重度ＣＯＰＤ患者比较,比较其在入院次数,肺功能改善情况（自行上楼比较）、吸氧时间、生活自理能力等方面的差异。结果 手术组病人因慢性支气管炎急性发作、肺部感染再次入院次数明显减少,自行上楼气急明显比手术前减轻,吸氧时间明显减少,、生活自理能力增     

Fertilization and pregnancies following intracytoplasmic injection of testicular spermatozoa

Purpose Intracytoplasmic injection (ICSI) with testicular sperm was performed in 16 couples. All men had ductal obstruction and failed previous attempts of epididymal sperm microaspiration.Methods Testis tissue was obtained by excisional biopsies and incubated in HEPES buffered EBSS medium over 24 h at 37C. Motile sperm (Grade 1 to 2) were recovered in 13 patients and fertilized a total of 62 oozytes. Four pregnancies were achieved.Results One healthy boy and two girls (twin pregnancy) were born.Conclusions The ongoing pregnancies revealed no fetal abnormalities on ultrasound scanning.Presented at the IXth World Congress on In Vitro Fertilization and Alternate Assisted Reproduction, April 3–7, 1995, Vienna, Austria.     

K-complexes: are they signs of arousal or sleep protective?

SUMMARY  The number of K-complexes recorded at the central-temporal EEG derivation (C3-T3) during 5 min periods for both the ascending and descending phase of Stage 2 of NREM sleep for cycles 1,2… etc. were counted in 10 subjects for each of the following five groups: normal persons, patients with a primary generalized form of epilepsy, narcolepsy, insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea. The differences in time spent in different stages of sleep were as expected for these types of patients. A 2-within, 1-between factors, repeated measure ANOVA was applied to the data on K-complexes. Overall, there was no significant difference between the number of K-complexes observed during the ascending and descending phases of the different sleep cycles. Patients with a sleep disorder had significantly less well-defined K-complexes than the normals and the patients with a primary form of generalized epilepsy: for insomnia ( P = 0.035), for apnoea ( P = 0.011) and for narcolepsy ( P = 0.001). There was a significant, but very low correlation coefficient between the number of K-complexes observed during Stage 2 of NREM sleep and the time spent during that stage for all groups combined (Rho 0.27, P = 0.002) and for the narcoleptic patients (Rho 0.44, P = 0.017). In all, the findings lend support to the hypothesis that a K-complex can be seen as a 'defensive response', or has a sleep protective function.     

慢性肺心病急性发作期肺动脉高压治疗方法的系统研究

该研究系统观察了92例慢性肺心病急性发作期患使用4类6种血管扩张药物,其中包括硝普钠、氨力农、米力农、维拉帕米、地尔硫zhuo、卡托普剂,以及吸入低浓度一氧化氮和施行机械通气两种方式的治疗效果。并各自比较使用前后其血流动力学及氧动力学变化。观察结果表明,上述药物及方法均可有效地降低肺动脉压力、阻力,有良好的急性血流动力学效应及氧动力学效应。同时还分析了上述各种降压药物的作用特点和相应临床应用特征,对选择临床治疗方法有指导意义。     

睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者夜间睡眠呼吸参数的变化及护理对策(英文)

目的：探讨睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（ＳＡＳ）患者夜间睡眠呼吸参数的变化及相应护理对策。方法：对１６例ＳＡＳ住院患者在治疗前、睡眠姿势训练、气道持续正压（ＣＰＡＰ）呼吸机治疗三种状态下,进行整夜多导睡眠仪监测。结果：在ＳＡＳ整夜呼吸紊乱中,零点以后其危险因素大大增加,出现严重低氧血症,血压升高,心律失常,尤其是呼吸暂停时间延长,次数增加。而侧卧位可显著地改善低氧血症,最低血氧饱和度（ＳａＯ２）从（６２±１９）％升高至（８３±１１）％（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＣＰＡＰ呼吸机治疗能使呼吸调节障碍得到明显的恢复,呼吸暂停由（４４．３±２２．６）次降至（０．２５±０．５４）次（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：护理上应密切观察病情变化,特别是零点以后应加强巡视,除观察呼吸运动外还应警惕脑血管病及心脏疾病的发生,对不具备ＣＰＡＰ呼吸机治疗条件者宜采取睡眠时督促取侧卧位。对ＳＡＳ患者进行健康教育也是减少危险因素的重要护理措施。     

单电极VDD心脏起搏治疗肥厚性梗阻型心肌病(附1例报告)

目的：用ＶＤＤ心脏起搏治疗１ 例肥厚性梗阻型心肌病（ＨＯＣＭ）,并观察其临床及血流动力学效果。　方法：常规方法植入ＶＤＤ型心脏起搏系统,设置房室起搏间期１２０ ｍ ｓ,心房感知０．１５ ｍ Ｖ,起搏前后进行左室流出道压力阶差等血液动力学对比观察。　结果：术后房室同步起搏率为１００％ ,左室流出道压力阶差从６．８ ｋＰａ（５１．４ｍ ｍ Ｈｇ）降至２．８１３ ｋＰａ（２１．１ ｍ ｍ Ｈｇ）,二尖瓣前移现象消失,临床症状明显改善,随访期间未再出现晕厥。　结论：ＶＤＤ起搏植入简便、房室同步功能稳定,对ＨＯＣＭ 患者不失为一种新的有效的治疗方法。     

Effects of theophylline on plasma levels of interleukin-4, cyclic nucleotides and pulmonary functions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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